Lazar Koliševski

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Lazar Koliševski
Лазар Колишевски
Secretary of the League of Communists of Macedonia
In office
1945 – July 1963
Preceded byOffice established
Succeeded byKrste Crvenkovski
Personal details
Born(1914-02-12)12 February 1914
Major General
CommandsYugoslav Partisans
Yugoslav People's Army
Battles/warsWorld War II

Lazar Koliševski (Macedonian: Лазар Колишевски [ˈlazar kɔˈliʃɛfski] ⓘ; 12 February 1914 – 6 July 2000) was a Macedonian Yugoslav communist political leader in the Socialist Republic of Macedonia and briefly in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. He was closely allied with Josip Broz Tito.

Early years

Koliševski was born in Sveti Nikole, Kingdom of Serbia in 1914 into a poor agrarian family. Little is known about his parents and their origins are obscure. Several sources report that Koliševski's mother was an Aromanian.[1][2] According to Kosta Tsarnushanov, a MMTRO member, his father was a Serboman.[3] Koliševski's personal Bulgarian prison card in 1941 lists both of his parents as Bulgarian.[4]

In 1915, during the

Yugoslav Communist Party.[6]

World War II

Koliševski in 1944 during World War II.
Memorial plaque from communist times, commemorating the sentencing of Koliševski and four others by the "Bulgarian Fascist Occupiers" in Ohrid

As

Comintern and Joseph Stalin
to decide that the Macedonian communists were to join the Yugoslav communists.

In the fall of 1941, Koliševski thus became the Secretary of the

ASNOM convened in August 1944, but those claims are disputed.[16]

In September 1944, Koliševski was freed by the new Bulgarian pro-communist government, and soon became the

Prime Minister of the Federal State of Macedonia, a federal unit of the Democratic Federal Yugoslavia (DFY). It was essentially the highest office in the Federal State of Macedonia
. For his efforts in the war, Koliševski was one of the many Macedonians who were awarded with the People's Hero of Yugoslavia medal.

Yugoslavia

Koliševski in 1964.

After

SR Macedonia.[20] Some circles were then trying to minimise ties with Yugoslavia as far as possible and promoted the independence of Macedonia. Kolishevski, however, started a policy of fully implementing the pro-Yugoslav line and took harsh measures against the opposition. He also began massive economic and social reforms. Koliševski finally brought the Industrial Revolution
to Macedonia. By 1955, the capital, Skopje, had become one of the fastest-growing cities in the region and became the third-largest city in Yugoslavia. Thanks to Koliševski's reforms, the small republic that in 1945 had been the poorest area of Yugoslavia became the fastest-growing economy. After the second Five-Year Economic Plan, PR Macedonia's economy advanced rapidly.

On 19 December 1953, Koliševski retired as the Prime Minister of PR Macedonia and assumed the office of

Non-Aligned Nations. The diplomatic travels showed that Koliševski was very trusted by the Yugoslav leader, Josip Broz Tito
. Even after Tito had fallen out with some of his most trusted allies, Koliševski remained in his position.

After the Yugoslav Constitution of 1974 was passed, Koliševski became much more influential in the Yugoslav political world. The new constitution called for a rotating Yugoslav Vice-Presidency. Koliševski was chosen by the Macedonian leadership to be the Macedonian representative to the Presidency. On 15 May 1979, Koliševski was voted by the other presidency members to become President of the Presidency and Vice President of Yugoslavia. On New Year's Day in 1980, Tito fell ill, leaving Koliševski in the role of acting leader in his absence. Tito died five months later, on 4 May 1980. Koliševski held the office of acting head of the presidency of Yugoslavia for another ten days, when the office passed on to Cvijetin Mijatović.

Republic of Macedonia

After the

Macedonian Academy of Arts and Sciences.[22] In 2002 a monument of Koliševski was erected in his birthplace by the left-wing local government.[23]

See also

References

  1. ^ Во врска со оваа енигма разговаравме со двајцата најекспонирани репрезенти на влашкиот етнос во Македонија, претседателот на Унијата на Власите Димо Димчев и шефот на Партијата на Власите Митко Костов-Папули. Го замоливме Димо Димчев да ни каже кој, освен Милтон Манаки и Хари Костов, бил Влав во досегашните влади, но и во другите јавни области, како што се науката, уметноста, лингвистиката, историјата, правото, итн. Димчев наредува: "Пиши! Како прв, Лазар Колишевски бил Влав по мајка. Откако останал сирак, го зеле тетките по мајчина страна – битолски Влаинки – го вдомиле во кралското сиропиталиште, а потоа го пратиле на училиште во Србија. For more see: Власи и власти.
  2. ISBN 978-1-5381-1962-4
    .
  3. ^ Коста Църнушанов (1992) Македонизмът и съпротивата на Македония срещу него. Университетско изд-во "Св. Климент Охридски", стр. 227.
  4. ^ According to Kolishevski's personal card, filled by him in the Skopje prison, both of his parents and he himself are listed as Bulgarians. For more see: Билярски, Ц. Малко известни факти от живота на Лазар Колишевски – сп. "Известия на държавните архиви" – Държавна агенция Архиви, бр. 98, 2009, стр. 101–121.
  5. ^ Църнушанов, Коста. Сърбизиране на македонския казионен „литературен език“. Част втора. Македонски преглед XIV (2). 1991, стр. 21.
  6. ISBN 0810862956, p. 117.
  7. ISBN 3034301960
    , p. 13.
  8. ^ Молба за милостъ от Лазаръ Паневъ Колишевъ, затворникъ при Скопския областен сѫдъ, осѫденъ на СМЪРТЪ отъ Битолския военно-полеви сѫдъ по наказ. дѣло 133/941. по закона за защита на държавата
  9. ISBN 9789544960704
    , стр. 149.
  10. ^ They were re-discovered in 1984 and copies of them were provided to the Central Committee of the BCP, apparently with the aim of responding to the anti-Bulgarian campaigns carried out in Yugoslavia with the participation of Lazar Kolisevski, to show that this person had another biography, of which he is ashamed and disfigured. This documentation was forwarded with a letter from the First Deputy Minister of National Defense and Chief of the General Staff of the Bulgarian Army, Colonel General Atanas Semerdzhiev, to the member of the Politburo and secretary of the Central Committee of the BCP, Milko Balev. For more: Билярски, Цочо. Малко известни факти от живота на Лазар Колишевски, Известия на държавните архиви. ISSN 0323-9780 (том 98, 2009, стр. 101–120).
  11. ^ УТРИНСКИ ВЕСНИК, Број 1475 понеделник, 16 октомври 2006. Archived 2007-08-10 at archive.today
  12. ^ Kljakic, Dragan (1994). Времето на Колишевски. Matica Makedonska. p. 109. Дали потоа поднесовте молба за помилување? – го прашав / Не, не поднесов. Ако го напривев тоа, ќе значеше дека ја признавам вината.
  13. ISBN 9789544961022
    , с. 442.
  14. ^ Нова зора, Брой 32 (2013) Отродителят – „Народний херой“, Евгений Еков.
  15. ^ Koliševski does not explain how he survived and why his death sentence was commuted to life imprisonment. According to Kolendić, he became familiar with all these documents signed by Koliševski in 1941, as early as in 1946 in Bulgaria. All of the partisans arrested together with Koliševski, who did not sign petitions for mercy, were shot down. For more see: Антун Колендиќ, Белите дамки на македонската историја. Марксистичка интернет архива.
  16. ^ Колендиќ, Белите дамки на македонската историја. Извор/првпат објавено: "Start magazin", Zagreb, No. 537, 19.8.1989, 50–55 str. Превод: Здравко Савески, Онлајн верзија: декември 2011.
  17. ISBN 1443888494
    , p. 293.
  18. ISBN 0810855658
    , p. 287.
  19. ISBN 1850655340
    , p. 118.
  20. ISBN 0815340575
    , p. 808.
  21. ^ НИН, Београд, issue 2585, 13.07.2000, Krzavac, Savo. Bravar nije voleo zlato
  22. ^ „Архивата на Лазо Колишевски до 300.000 страници во МАНУ е тајна дури и за лустраторите“, Дневник, година XVIII, број 5596, понеделник, 20 октомври 2014, стр. 2–3.
  23. ^ "Споменикот го врати Колишевски во Св. Николе". 11 October 2002.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lazar Koliševski.