League Park

Coordinates: 41°30′41″N 81°38′39″W / 41.51139°N 81.64417°W / 41.51139; -81.64417
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
For other uses, see League Park (disambiguation).
League Park
Cleveland Indians (MLB
) 1901–1932, 1934–1946

AA) 1914–1915
Cleveland Buckeyes (NAL
) 1943-50
NCAA
) 1929–1932, 1934–1941, 1947–1949

League Park
Cleveland, Ohio
Coordinates41°30′42″N 81°38′39″W / 41.51167°N 81.64417°W / 41.51167; -81.64417
Area1 acre (0.40 ha)
Built1891, 1909–1910
ArchitectCharles S. Schneider
NRHP reference No.79001808[1]
Added to NRHPAugust 8, 1979

League Park was a

American Association. In the late 1940s, the park was also the home field of the Cleveland Buckeyes of the Negro American League
.

In addition to baseball, League Park was also used for

Cleveland Rams of the NFL played at League Park in 1937 and for much of the early 1940s. Later in the 1940s, the Cleveland Browns
used League Park as a practice field.

The

Baldwin-Wallace. The final football game played at League Park was a 30–0 victory by Western Reserve University over rival Case Tech on Nov 24, 1949.[7]

Although Cleveland Stadium opened in 1932 and had a much larger seating capacity and better access by car, League Park continued to be used by the Indians through the 1946 season, mainly for weekday games. Weekend games, games expecting larger crowds, and night games were held at Cleveland Stadium. Most of the League Park structure was demolished in 1951, although some remnants still remain, including the original ticket office built in 1909.

After extensive renovation, the site was rededicated on August 23, 2014, as the Baseball Heritage Museum and Fannie Lewis Community Park at League Park.[8]

History

League Park was built for the

American Association before joining the National League in 1889. Team owner Frank Robison chose the site for the new park, at the corner of Lexington Avenue and Dunham Street, later renamed East 66th Street, in Cleveland's Hough neighborhood, because it was along the streetcar line he owned. The park opened May 1, 1891, with 9,000 wooden seats, in a game against the Cincinnati Reds. The first pitch was made by Cy Young, and the Spiders won 12–3.[9]

During their tenure, the Spiders finished as high as 2nd place in the NL in 1892, 1895, and 1896, and won the

St. Louis Browns
that year. Consequently, Cleveland finished 20–134, and the Spiders season was so poor they drew only 6,088 fans for their entire home season - a pitiful average of 145 per game - and were forced to play 112 of their 154 games on the road as the other NL teams deemed it pointless to travel to Cleveland's League Park, since their cut of the ticket revenue would not come close to covering their travel and hotel expenses.

The team was contracted by the National League after 1899, being replaced the next year by the Cleveland Lake Shores, then a minor league team in the American League. The American League declared itself a major league after the 1900 season and the Cleveland franchise, initially called the Blues, was a charter member for the 1901 season.

The park was rebuilt for the 1910 season as a concrete-and-steel stadium, one of two to open that year in the American League, the other being Comiskey Park. The new park seated over 18,000 people, more than double the seating capacity of its predecessor. It opened April 21, 1910, with a 5–0 loss to the Detroit Tigers in front of 18,832 fans in a game started by pitcher Cy Young.[10]

During 1914 to 1915, the

Spiders
, reviving the old National League club's name.

Game 5 of the 1920 World Series at League Park, with Bill Wambsganss tagging out Otto Miller for the final out of Wambsganss' historic unassisted triple play

The Indians hosted games four through seven of the 1920 World Series at League Park. The series, won by the Indians five games to two, was notable as the first championship in franchise history, as well as for game five, which featured the first grand slam in World Series history and the only unassisted triple play in postseason history.[11]

In 1921, team owner "Sunny" Jim Dunn, who had purchased the team in 1916, renamed the park "Dunn Field".[12][13] When Dunn died in 1922, his wife inherited the ballpark and the team. When Dunn's widow, by then known as Mrs. George Pross, sold the franchise in 1927 for $1 million to a group headed by Alva Bradley, the name reverted (in 1930) to the more prosaic "League Park" (there were a number of professional teams' parks generically called "league park" at the time).

From July 31, 1932 through the 1933 season, the Indians played at the new and far larger Cleveland Stadium. However, the players and fans complained about the huge outfield, which reduced the number of home runs. Moreover, as the Great Depression worsened, attendance at the stadium plummeted.[12] After the 1933 season, the Indians exercised their escape clause in the lease at the stadium and returned to League Park for the 1934 season.[14]

The Indians played all home games at League Park for the 1934 and 1935 seasons, and played one home game at Cleveland Stadium in 1936 as part of the

House of David, who borrowed the portable lighting system used by the Kansas City Monarchs.[14]

In 1940 and from 1942 on, the Indians played the majority of their home schedule at Cleveland Stadium, abandoning League Park entirely after the 1946 season. The final Indians game at League Park was played on Saturday, September 21, a 5–3 loss in 11 innings to the Detroit Tigers in front of 2,772 fans. League Park became the last stadium used in Major League Baseball never to install permanent lights.[15]

The Indians continued to own League Park until March 1950 when they sold it to the city of Cleveland for $150,000. After the demise of the Cleveland Buckeyes of the Negro American League during the 1950 season, League Park was no longer used as a regular sports venue. Most of the structure was demolished in 1951 by the city to convert the facility for use by local amateur teams and recreation and to prevent any competition with Cleveland Stadium. The lower deck seating between first base and third base remained, as did the Indians' clubhouse under the third base stands. The Cleveland Browns began using League Park as a practice field in 1952, including the former clubhouse, until 1965. All of the remaining seating areas were removed in 1961 except for the area above the former clubhouse, which was finally torn down in 2002.[16]

Structure

Postcard of League Park

When it originally opened in 1891, it had 9,000 wooden seats.[9] A single deck grandstand was behind homeplate, a covered pavilion was along the first base line, and bleachers were located at various other places in the park. The ballpark was configured to fit into the Cleveland street grid, which contorted the dimensions into a rather odd rectangular shape by modern standards. The fence in left field was 385 feet (117 m), 460 feet (140 m) away in center, and 290 feet (88 m) down the right field foul line.[17] Batters had to hit the ball over a 40-foot (12 m) fence to get a home run (by comparison, the Green Monster at Fenway Park is 37 feet (11 m) high).[18]

It was essentially rebuilt prior to the 1910 season, with concrete and steel double-decker grandstands, expanding the seating capacity to 21,414. The design work was completed by Osborn Architects & Engineers, a local architecture firm that would go on to design several iconic ballparks over the next three years, including Comiskey Park, the Polo Grounds, Tiger Stadium, and Fenway Park. The front edges of the upper and lower decks were vertically aligned, bringing the up-front rows in the upper deck closer to the action, but those in back could not see much of foul territory.

The fence was reconfigured, bringing the left field fence in 10 feet closer (375 feet (114 m)) and center field fence in 40 feet (420 feet (130 m)); the right field fence remained at 290 feet (88 m).[17]

Batters still had to surmount a 40-foot (12 m) fence to hit home runs.[18] The fence in left field was only five feet tall, but batters had to hit the ball 375 feet (114 m) down the line to hit a home run, and it was fully 460 feet (140 m) to the scoreboard in the deepest part of center field. The diamond, situated in the northwest corner of the block, was slightly tilted counterclockwise, making right field not quite as easy a target as Baker Bowl's right field (which had a 60-foot (18 m) wall), for example.

Modern League Park

League Park circa 1905 (top), 1910 (middle), and in 2009 (bottom). The ticket house building from 1910 was renovated in 2014 to house the Baseball Heritage Museum.

Currently the site is a public park. A small section of the exterior brick facade (along the first-base side) still stands, as well as the old ticket office behind what was the right field corner. The last remnant of the grandstand, crumbling and presumably unsafe, was taken down in 2002 as part of a renovation process to the decaying playground. Local schools' youth teams still compete on the ball field.

On February 7, 2011, the Cleveland City Council approved a plan to restore the ticket house and remaining bleacher wall, as well as build a new diamond on the site of the old one (and with the same slightly counterclockwise tilt from the compass points).[19][20] On October 27, 2012, city leaders including Mayor Frank G. Jackson and Councilman TJ Dow took part in the groundbreaking of the League Park restoration. The project included a museum, a restoration of the ball field, and a community park featuring pavilions and walking trails.[21] The community park was dedicated in September 2013 as the Fannie M. Lewis Community Park at League Park.[22] Lewis was a city councilwoman who encouraged League Park's restoration.[22]

The ticket house building as the Baseball Heritage Museum in 2021.

Restoration was completed in 2014, and League Park reopened August 23 of that year.[8] As part of the renovation, the Baseball Heritage Museum, housing artifacts from baseball history as well as many specifically from the history of League Park, was relocated from downtown Cleveland to the restored ticket house.[8][23]

Notable events

Historic events that took place at League Park include the following:

  • May 1, 1891: The ballpark opened. Cy Young delivered the first pitch and the Spiders defeated the Cincinnati Reds, 12–3.[24]
  • October 17–19, 1892: The ballpark hosted the first three games of the first "split season" in the history of the National League. The opposing
    Boston Beaneaters
    eventually won the series over the Spiders.
  • October 2,3 and 5, 1895: The ballpark hosted the first three games of that year's Temple Cup Series, a World Series precursor, the Spiders facing the Baltimore Orioles. Cleveland eventually clinched the series in Baltimore.
  • October 8, 1896: The ballpark hosted the final game of that year's Temple Cup, a sweep by Baltimore, as well as Cleveland's final post-season appearance for the National League.
  • November 26, 1896: The ballpark hosted its first college football game, seeing Case defeat Western Reserve, 12–10.[25]
  • August 30, 1899: Cleveland played its final National League home game at League Park[26] in a season in which the team won only 20 games while losing a record 134.
  • 1900: The new American League, nominally a minor league, returned professional baseball to Cleveland after the National League contracted following the 1899 season. First home game April 26.[Dayton Herald, April 27, 1900, p. 6]
League Park, circa 1905

References

  1. ^ "National Register Information System – (#79001808)". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
  2. ^ a b "WRU Football 1947/48".
  3. ^ "WRU Football 1934/35".
  4. ^ "WRU Football 1948/49". case.edu. Retrieved 2024-02-19.
  5. ^ "WRU Football 1938/39".
  6. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2018-02-13. Retrieved 2015-11-27.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  7. ^ @LeagueParkCle (November 24, 2019). "70 yrs ago today (Nov 24, 1949), in..." (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  8. ^ a b c Warsinskey, Tim (August 23, 2014). "League Park reopens to a historic appreciation, beautiful restoration and hopeful future". The Plain Dealer. Retrieved August 23, 2014.
  9. ^ a b Briggs, David (August 8, 2007). "League Park may glisten once again". MLB.com. Archived from the original on September 5, 2017. Retrieved March 21, 2017.
  10. ISBN 978-0-7864-6826-3
    .
  11. ISBN 978-0-87338-885-6
    .
  12. ^ a b "Clem's Baseball ~ League Park (IV)". Andrewclem.com. 1909-11-21. Retrieved 2012-11-08.
  13. ^ Krsolovic & Fritz, p. 71
  14. ^ a b Krsolovic & Fritz, pp. 99–104
  15. ^ Krsolovic & Fritz, pp. 124–125
  16. ^ Krsolovic & Fritz, pp. 157–177
  17. ^ a b League Park ballparksofbaseball.com (accessed July 22, 2010)
  18. ^ a b Krsolovic & Fritz, pp. 33–34
  19. ^ Gillispie, Mark (2011-02-08). "Cleveland City Council approves spending to get historic League Park project started". Retrieved 2011-05-21.
  20. ^ Briggs, David (2007-08-08). "League Park may glisten once again". Retrieved 2008-10-02.
  21. ^ Scali, Maria (27 October 2012). "Historic League Park to be Restored to Old Glory". WJW-TV. Retrieved 1 November 2012.
  22. ^ a b Scali, Maria (2013-09-07). "Park Created to Honor Baseball's History". WJW-TV. Retrieved 2013-09-08.
  23. ^ Martin, Angela. "Baseball Heritage Museum moves to fitting place — renovated League Park". MLB Pro Blog TribeVibe. Retrieved 13 May 2015.
  24. ^ "1891 Log For League Park III in Cleveland, OH". Retrosheet.org. Retrieved 2012-11-08.
  25. ^ "Case Football 1896/97".
  26. ^ "Events of Wednesday, August 30, 1899". Retrosheet.org. Retrieved 2012-11-08.
  27. ^ "Events of Monday, April 29, 1901". Retrosheet.org. 1902-04-29. Retrieved 2012-11-08.
  28. ^ "Miss Alta Weiss of the Weiss All-Stars of Cleveland, Ohio". Retrieved 2009-09-26.
  29. ^ "Addie Joss Perfect Game Box Score by Baseball Almanac". Baseball-almanac.com. 1908-10-02. Retrieved 2012-11-08.
  30. ^ "July 24, 1911: 'Galaxy of Stars' takes the field in Cleveland in honor of Addie Joss". Society for American Baseball Research. Retrieved May 23, 2021.
  31. ^ "Retrosheet Boxscore: Cleveland Indians 8, Brooklyn Robins 1". Retrosheet.org. 1920-10-10. Retrieved 2012-11-08.
  32. ^ "Retrosheet Boxscore: Cleveland Indians 3, Brooklyn Robins 0". Retrosheet.org. 1920-10-12. Retrieved 2012-11-08.
  33. ^ "Retrosheet Boxscore: Cleveland Indians 6, New York Yankees 5". Retrosheet.org. 1929-08-11. Retrieved 2012-11-08.
  34. ^ "CNN/SI – The New York Yankees Greatest Hits". Sportsillustrated.cnn.com. Retrieved 2013-03-06.
  35. ^ "Retrosheet Boxscore: Boston Red Sox 1, Cleveland Indians 0". Retrosheet.org. 1946-09-13. Retrieved 2013-03-06.
  36. ^ "Ted Williams". baseballbiography.com. Retrieved 2013-03-06.
  37. ^ "Retrosheet Boxscore: Detroit Tigers 5, Cleveland Indians 3". Retrosheet.org. 1946-09-21. Retrieved 2012-11-08.
  38. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-08-16. Retrieved 2017-01-12.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  39. ^ @LeagueParkCle (November 24, 2019). "70 yrs ago today (Nov 24, 1949), in..." (Tweet) – via Twitter.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to League Park.
Events and tenants
Preceded by Home of the Cleveland Spiders
1891–1899 		Succeeded by
last ballpark
Preceded by
first ballpark
 Home of the
Cleveland Indians

1901–1946 (shared with Cleveland Stadium from 1932–1933 and 1936–1946) 		Succeeded by
Preceded by
first stadium
Cleveland Stadium
 Home of the Cleveland Rams
1936 (AFL)
1937–1942; 1944–1945 (NFL) 		Succeeded by
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