Glove
Type | hand's protection |
---|
A glove is a
Gloves are made of materials including cloth, knitted or
If there is an opening but no (or a short) covering sheath for each finger they are called fingerless gloves. Fingerless gloves are useful where
A hybrid of glove and mitten contains open-ended sheaths for the four fingers (as in a fingerless glove, but not the thumb) and an additional compartment encapsulating the four fingers. This compartment can be lifted off the fingers and folded back to allow the individual fingers ease of movement and access while the hand remains covered. The usual design is for the mitten cavity to be stitched onto the back of the fingerless glove only, allowing it to be flipped over (normally held back by Velcro or a button) to transform the garment from a mitten to a glove. These hybrids are called convertible mittens or "glittens".
History
Gloves appear to be of great antiquity. They are depicted in an ancient Egyptian tomb dating to the
A
During the 13th century, gloves began to be worn by ladies as a fashion ornament. They were made of linen and silk, and sometimes reached to the elbow.[5] Such worldly accoutrements were not for holy women, according to the early 13th century Ancrene Wisse, written for their guidance.[8] Sumptuary laws were promulgated to restrain this vanity: against samite gloves in Bologna, 1294, against perfumed gloves in Rome, 1560.[9]
A Paris corporation or guild of glovers (gantiers) existed from the thirteenth century. They made them in skin or in fur.[10]
By 1440, in England glovers had become members of the Dubbers or Bookbinders Guild until they formed their own guild during the reign of
It was not until the 16th century that gloves reached their greatest elaboration, however, when
Embroidered and jeweled gloves formed part of the insignia of emperors and kings. Thus
When short sleeves came into fashion in the 1700s, women began to wear
Mainly during the 19th century, the generic or trade name "Berlin gloves" was used for washable, thin white cotton gloves often worn by servants, such as butlers or waiters, and the less well-off in civilian life. The term was also used for white cotton gloves worn with the dress uniform by the American military in the First World War.[21]
In 1905, The Law Times made one of the first references to the use of gloves by criminals to hide fingerprints, stating: For the future... when the burglar goes a-burgling, a pair of gloves will form a necessary part of his outfit.[22]
Early Formula One race cars used steering wheels taken directly from road cars. They were normally made from wood, necessitating the use of driving gloves.[23]
Disposable
Types of glove
Commercial and industrial
- Aircrew gloves: while they enable the wearer to touch a hot surface while retreating, they are insufficient for burn protection[24]
- Anti-vibration gloves
- Barbed wire handler's gloves
- Chainmailgloves are used by butchers, woodcutters and police
- Chainsaw safety gloves
- Chemical-resistant gloves
- Cotton knitted gloves are used in automotive workshops, building maintenance, logistic material movement
- Temperature protective gloves
- Cut-resistant gloves
- Fireman's gauntlets
- Food service gloves
- Gardening gloves
- Impact protection gloves
- Medical gloves
- Military gloves
- Rubber gloves
- Sandblasting gloves
- Welder's gloves
Sport and recreational
- American football various position gloves
- Archer's glove
- Baseball glove or catcher's mitt: in baseball, the players in the field wear gloves to help them catch the ball and prevent injury to their hands.
- Billiardsglove
- Boxing gloves: a specialized padded mitten
- Cricket gloves
- The batsmenwear gloves with heavy padding on the back, to protect the fingers in case of being struck with the ball.
- The wicket keeperwears large webbed gloves.
- The
- Cycling gloves
- Driving gloves intended to improve the grip on the steering wheel. Driving gloves have external seams, open knuckles, open backs, ventilation holes, short cuffs, and wrist snaps. The most luxurious are made from Peccary gloving leather.[25]
- Eton Fivesglove
- Falconry glove
- Fencingglove
- goalkeeper glove
- Gardening glove
- Golf glove
- Ice hockey glove
- Gym gloves
- Ridinggloves
- Racquetball gloves
- Lacrosse gloves
- Kendo kote
- MMA gloves
- Motorcycling gloves
- Oven gloves – or oven mitts, used when cooking
- Paintball glove
- Racing drivers gloves with long cuffs, intended for protection against heat and flame for drivers in automobile competitions.[26]
- Scuba diving gloves:
- Cotton gloves; good abrasion, but no thermal protection
- Dry gloves; made of rubber with a latex wrist seal to prevent water entry
- Wet gloves; made of neoprene and allowing restricted water entry
- Shooting glove
- Biathlon glove – an articulated padded combination of a skiing glove and a shooting glove,cross country skiing.
- Pistol glove – used in competition pistol shooting to improve performance and cushion the shooting hand.
- Target rifle glove – open-fingered heavily padded one-hand (non-shooting) glove with non-skid surfaces, used to support the rifle in prone shooting position. Also may be used in kneeling, sitting and standing positions. The glove cushions and distributes the weight of the rifle, which varies from 3 kilograms (6.6 lb) to 7 kilograms (15 lb), depending on type of rifle stockused.
- Biathlon glove – an articulated padded combination of a skiing glove and a shooting glove,
- Skiing gloves are padded and reinforced to protect from the cold, and from injury by skis.
- Touchscreen gloves – made with conductive material to enable the wearer's natural electric capacitance to interact with capacitive touchscreendevices without the need to remove one's gloves
- Finger tip conductivity; where conductive yarns or a conductive patch is found only on the tips of the fingers (typically the index finger and thumb) thus allowing for basic touch response
- Full hand conductivity; where the entire glove is made from conductive materials allowing for robust tactile touch and dexterity good for accurate typing and multi-touch response
- puck; usually only one, either left- or right-hand, is worn depending on which is the playing hand.
- Washing mitt or Washing glove: a tool for washing the body (one's own, or of a child, a patient, a lover).
- Webbed gloves – a swim training device or swimming aid.
- Weightlifting gloves
- Wicket-keeper's gloves
- Wired glove
- Power Glove – an alternate controller for use with the Nintendo Entertainment System
- Wheelchair gloves – for users of manual wheelchairs
Women's fashion
Western women's gloves for formal and semi-formal wear come in three lengths: wrist ("matinee"), elbow, and opera or full-length (over the elbow, reaching to the biceps). Satin and stretch satin are popular and mass-produced. Some women wear gloves as part of "dressy" outfits, such as for church and
Others
In Japan, white gloves are worn frequently. Work-oriented white gloves are worn for activities such as gardening and cleanup; "dress" white gloves are worn by professionals who want a clean public appearance, such as taxi drivers, police, politicians and elevator operators.[28] However white gloves are not recommended for touching old books and similar antiquities.[29][30]
Fingerless gloves
Fingerless gloves or "glovelettes" are garments worn on the hands which resemble regular gloves in most ways, except that the finger columns are half-length and opened, allowing the top-half of the wearer's fingers to be shown.
Fingerless gloves are often padded in the palm area, to provide protection to the hand, and the exposed fingers do not interfere with sensation or gripping.[31] In contrast to traditional full gloves, often worn for warmth, fingerless gloves will often have a ventilated back to allow the hands to cool; this is commonly seen in weightlifting gloves.
Fingerless gloves are worn by
Leather gloves
Common uses
Leather gloves have been worn by people for thousands of years. The unique properties of leather allow for both a comfortable fit and useful grip for the wearer. The grain present on the leather and the pores present in the leather gives the gloves the unique ability to assist the wearer as they grip an object. As soft as a leather glove may be, its pores and grain provide a level of friction when "gripped" against an item or surface.
A common use for leather gloves is sporting events. In baseball, a baseball glove is an oversized leather glove with a web used for fielding the ball. Leather gloves are also used in handball, cycling, and American football.
Early Formula One racing drivers used steering wheels taken directly from road cars. They were normally made from wood, necessitating the use of driving gloves.[23]
Leather gloves provide protection from occupational hazards. For example, beekeepers use leather gloves to avoid being stung by bees. Construction workers might use leather gloves for added grip and for protecting their hands.
Criminals have been known to wear leather gloves during the commission of crimes. Gloves are worn by criminals because the tactile properties of the leather allow for good grip and dexterity. These properties are the result of a grain present on the surface of the leather. The grain makes the surface of the leather unique to each glove. Investigators are able to dust for the glove prints left behind from the leather the same way in which they dust for fingerprints.[33][34]
Leather dress gloves
Main types of gloving leather
Leather is a natural product with special characteristics that make it comfortable to wear, and give it great strength and flexibility. Because it is a natural product, with its own unique variations, every piece has its own individual characteristics. As they are worn and used, leather gloves (especially if they fit snugly) will conform to the wearer's hand. As this occurs the leather of the glove will become more malleable, and thus softer and more supple. This process is known as 'breaking-in' the glove. Overtime wear spots may appear on certain parts of the palm and fingertips, due to the constant use of those areas of the glove. Creases and wrinkles will appear on the palm side of the leather glove and will generally correspond to the locations of the
Because the leather is natural as well as delicate, the wearer must take precaution as to not damage them. The constant handling of damp or wet surfaces will discolor lighter-colored gloves and stiffen the leather of any glove. The wearer will often unknowingly damage or stain their gloves while doing such tasks as twisting a wet door knob or wiping a running nose with a gloved hand.[35]
Leather dress gloves that are worn very tight and possess very short, elasticized wrists, are most often referred to as cop gloves or law enforcement gloves because of their prevalence as issued duty gloves for many law enforcement agencies. It is common attire in leather subculture and BDSM communities.
- Lambskin is widely used for fashion gloves and it is casual and country gloves. It is the most used material for gloves made in Europe in the known as French style.[citation needed]
- Cowhide is often used for lower-priced gloves. This leather is generally considered too thick and bulky for the majority of glove styles, particularly finer dress gloves. It is, however, used for some casual styles of glove.
- Deerskinhas the benefit of great strength and elasticity, but has a more rugged appearance, with more grain on the surface, than "hairsheep". It is very hard-wearing and heavier in weight.
- Goatskin is occasionally used for gloves. It is hard-wearing but coarser than other leathers and is normally used for cheaper gloves.
- Hairsheep originates from sheep that grow hair, not wool. Hairsheep leather is finer and less bulky than other leathers. Its major benefits are softness of touch, suppleness, strength, and lasting comfort. It is very durable and is particularly suited for the manufacture of dress gloves.
- Peccary is the world's rarest and most luxurious gloving leather. Peccary leather is very soft, difficult to sew, and hard-wearing.[36]
- Sheepskin, also called shearling, is widely used for casual and country gloves. It is very warm in cold weather, and as a leather reversed, it has still attached wool on the inside.
- Slink lamb is used only in the most expensive lambskin gloves. Some of the finest lambskin comes from New Zealand.[37]
Leather glove linings
- Cashmere is warm, light in weight, and very comfortable to wear. Cashmere yarn comes from the hair of mountain goats, whose fleece allows them to survive the extreme weather conditions they are exposed to.
- Silk is warm in winter and cool in summer and is used both in men's and women's gloves, but is more popular in women's.
- Wool is well known for its natural warmth and comfort, as well as having a natural elasticity.
- Other linings, which include wool mixtures and acrylics.
Component parts
The component parts that may be found in a leather dress glove are one pair of tranks, one pair of thumbs, four whole fourchettes, four half fourchettes, two gussets, and six quirks. Depending on the style of the glove there may also be roller pieces, straps, rollers, eyelets, studs, sockets and domes. Finally, linings will themselves consist of tranks, thumbs and fourchettes.
Stitching
The most popular types of leather glove sewing stitches used today are:
- Hand stitched, which is most popular in men's gloves and some women's styles. Hand stitching is a very time-consuming and skilled process.
- Inseam, which is mainly used on women's gloves, but occasionally on men's dress gloves.[clarification needed]
Some glove terms
- Button length is the measurement in inches that is used to determine the length/measurement from the base of the glove thumb to the cuff of the glove.
- Fourchettes are the inside panels on the fingers of some glove styles.
- Perforations are small holes that are punched in the leather. They are often added for better ventilation, grip, or aesthetics and can be as fine as a pin hole.
- Points are the three, or sometimes single, line of decorative stitching on the back of the glove.
- Quirks are found on only the most expensive hand sewn gloves. They are small diamond shaped pieces of leather sewn at the base of the fingers, where they are attached to the hand of the glove to improve the fit.
- A strap and roller is used to adjust the closeness of the fit around the wrist.
- A Vent is the V-shaped cut out of the glove, sometimes at the back, but more often on the palm, to give the glove an easier fit around the wrist.
Driving gloves
Driving gloves are designed for holding a steering wheel and transmitting the feeling of the road to the driver. They provide a good feel and protect the hands. They are designed to be worn tight and to not interfere with hand movements. The increased grip allows for more control and increased safety at speed.[38]
True driver's gloves offer tactile advantages to drivers frequently handling a car near the limits of adhesion. Made of soft leather, drivers gloves are unlined with external seams.
Safety standards
Several
- EN 388: Protective against mechanical risks (abrasion / cut / tear / puncture)
- EN 374: Protective against chemical and microorganisms
- EN 420: General requirements for gloves includes sizing and a number of health and safety aspects including latex protein and chromium levels.
- EN 60903: Electric shock
- EN 407: Heat resistance
- EN 511: Cold resistance
- EN 1149: Antistatic
- EN 10819: Anti Vibration gloves (TRM – Transmission Ratio Medium frequency range, TRH – Transmission Ratio High frequency range)
These exist to fulfill personal protective equipment (PPE) requirements.
Notable gloves
Michael Jackson often wore a single jeweled glove on his right hand, which helped develop his signature look. It has been the object of several auctions.[39]
See also
- Episcopal gloves (Catholic Church costumes)
- Glove sizes
- Golden Gloves
- Singer with a Glove, 1878 Edgar Degas pastel
References
- ISBN 978-0-486-14160-2.
- ^ Sawer, Patrick (Dec 13, 2008). "Police use glove prints to catch criminals". Archived from the original on 2022-01-12. Retrieved Jul 18, 2019 – via www.telegraph.co.uk.
- ^ James W.H. McCord and Sandra L. McCord, Criminal Law and Procedure for the paralegal: a systems approach, supra, p. 127.
- ^ Kanawati, N. (2000). The Teti Cemetery at Saqqara 5: Tomb of Hesi. Australian Centre for Egyptology. pp. 11–15, 53.
- ^ a b c d e Chisholm 1911, p. 135.
- ^ "The History of Herodotus by Herodotus, Volume VI, at". Classics.mit.edu. Retrieved 2023-12-29.
- ^ "Pliny the Younger: Selected Letters". Fordham.edu. Archived from the original on 2014-03-14.
- ^ J. R. R. Tolkien, ed. Ancrene Wisse, 8. The English Text of the Ancrene Riwle: Ancrene Wisse (Early English Text Society, CCXLIX) London 1962, noted by Diane Bornstein, The Lady in the Tower (Hamden, Connecticut) 1983:25 note 4.
- ^ Marjorie O'Rourke Boyle, "Coquette at the Cross? Magdalen in the Master of the Bartholomew Altar's Deposition at the Louvre" Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte, 59.4 (1996:573–577) assembles numerous historical references to gloves, with bibliography.
- ^ Étienne-Martin Saint-Léon, Histoire des corporation de métiers depuis leurs origines jusqu'à leur suppression en 1791 (Paris) 1922, noted by Boyle 1996:174:10.
- ^ "Other [Wiltshire] industries". British History Online. Retrieved 29 December 2023.
- ^ Roy C. Strong, Portraits of Queen Elizabeth I (Oxford) 1963:18f.
- ^ Charles VIII of France received some gloves that were scented with powder of violet, but they were not of French making (Boyle 1996:174).
- ^ In the earliest usage, bonnet was the woolen thread worked by hand with the needle or a spindle (Boyle 1996:174).
- ^ Boyle 1996:174
- ^ Jenkins, Jessica Kerwin, The Encyclopedia of the Exquisite, Nan A. Talese/Doubleday, p. 85
- ^ "Gloves, European, late 17th century". Metropolitan Museum of Art website. Retrieved 2023-12-29.
- ^ Chisholm 1911, p. 136.
- ^ "Glove | American | The Met". The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
- ^ "HISTORY OF GLOVES AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE". Nov 12, 2013. Retrieved Jul 18, 2019.
- ^ "A.E.F. Gloves, Gauntlets & Mittens 1917 to 1919". usmilitariaforum.com. 2016-09-06. Retrieved 2019-07-13.
- ^ Horace Cox, ed. (1905). The Law Times: The Journal and Record: The Law and The Lawyers. Vol. CXIX. London: The Law Times. p. 563.
- ^ a b Formula One [1] retrieved on 02/01/2011
- ISBN 978-1-138-61787-2.
- ^ "Driving Gloves - The Coolest Accessory". Retrieved 2023-12-29.
- ^ FIA Standard 8856-200 Protective clothing for automobile drivers [2] Archived 2011-07-10 at the Wayback Machine pg 2
- ^ "Best Shooting Gloves". TheGunZone. Retrieved 2020-03-16.
- ^ Gordenker, Alice (Mar 19, 2013). "White gloves". Retrieved Dec 29, 2023 – via Japan Times Online.
- ^ "Conservation | British Library" (PDF).
- ^ "J. Willard Marriott Digital Library" (PDF).
- ^ ISBN 978-1-498-75571-9.
- ^ "Why We Use Bike Gloves?". bicycling. Retrieved 2023-12-29.
- ^ "Crime Labs". Archived from the original on July 13, 2012. Retrieved Jul 18, 2019.
- ^ "Personal Identification: Fingerprints". Archived from the original on May 22, 2009. Retrieved Jul 18, 2019.
- ^ "Held Phantom Glove: Initial Impressions". BlakeBlog. Retrieved Dec 29, 2023.
- ISBN 1258228173, 9781258228170.
- ^ "New Zealand Sheepskins - Sheepskin Rugs - Real Sheepskin | Ecowool". Retrieved 2023-12-29.
- ^ Knowledge Center "What Are Leather Driving Gloves". Archived from the original on 2012-04-24. Retrieved 2012-05-22. Retrieved on 02/01/2011
- ^ BangShowbiz; Duncan, JJ; Bustillo, Deena; Robberson, Joe; Thomas, Darrick; Wenger, Adam; Newlin, John (June 28, 2010). "Michael Jackson's Jeweled Glove Sells for $190K". Zimbio. Retrieved December 23, 2012.
- ^ "List of the evidence in the O. J. Simpson double-murder trial". USA Today. October 18, 1996. Archived from the original on 2008-03-14.
External links
- "Fitting The Glove To The Job", September 1949, Popular Science
- Gallery of Latvian souvenir mittens for 2006 NATO summit
- O’Reilly, Jonquil (13 November 2015): "Gloves: Useful Symbols", Sotheby's article.
public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Glove". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 135–137.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the