Legio XIV Gemina
Legio XIV Gemina Martia Victrix | |
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Final War of the Roman Republic (32–30 BC) of the 14th participated in many other campaigns.Roman conquest of Britain (43) Year of the Four Emperors (69) Revolt of the Batavi (69-70) revolt of Saturninus (89) Dacian Wars (101–106) Verus Parthian campaign (161–166) Marcus Aurelius Marcomannic campaign (168–180) Septimius Severus rise to power (193–194) Severus Parthian campaign (198) vexillationes |
Legio XIV Gemina ("The Twinned Fourteenth Legion") was a
History
Under Caesar
Legio XIV was first raised by Caesar in Cisalpine Gaul during his raids into, and conquest of, Gaul.
Under Germanicus
This legion fought under General
Invasion of Britain
Stationed in
It took part in the defeat of
In 67 AD the legion was sent to the Balkans in preparation for a campaign against the Parthians that Nero planned but which never materialised.[7]
Rebellion on the Rhine
In AD 89 the governor of Germania Superior, Lucius Antonius Saturninus, rebelled against Domitian, with the support of the XIVth and of the XXI Rapax, but the revolt was suppressed.
When the XXIst legion was lost in AD 92, XIV Gemina was sent to
In support of Septimius Severus
In AD 193, after the death of Pertinax, the commander of the Fourteenth, Septimius Severus, was acclaimed emperor by the Pannonian legions, and above all by his own. XIV Gemina fought for its emperor in his march to Rome to attack usurper Didius Julianus (193), contributed to the defeat of the usurper Pescennius Niger (194), and probably fought in the Parthian campaign that ended with the sack of the capital of the empire, Ctesiphon (198).
In support of imperial candidates
In the turmoil following the defeat of Valerian, the XIV Gemina supported usurper Regalianus against Emperor Gallienus (260), then Gallienus against Postumus of the Gallic Empire (earning the title VI Pia VI Fidelis—"six times faithful, six times loyal"), and, after Gallienus' death, Gallic Emperor Victorinus (269–271).
5th century
At the beginning of the 5th century, XIV Gemina was still assigned at Carnuntum. It probably dissolved with the collapse of the Danube frontier in the 430s. The
Attested members
See also
References
- ^ Wasson, Donald L. (2021). World History Encyclopedia : Legions of Pannonia, Legio XIV Gemina Martia Victrix, 28 October 2021
- ^ L. J. F. Keppie, Legions and Veterans: Roman Army Papers 1971–2000, page 128.
- ^ Wasson, Donald L. (2021). World History Encyclopedia : Legions of Pannonia, Legio XIV Gemina Martia Victrix, 28 October 2021
- ^ "Atuatuca: provincial town in Gallia Belgica, modern Tongeren". Jona Lendering. Archived from the original on 30 April 2013. Retrieved 14 May 2013.
- ^ Gaius Julius Caesar (1914). "Book V, Chapter 37". In Holmes, T. Rice (ed.). Commentarii de Bello Gallico. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Retrieved April 25, 2016.
- ISBN 0713472545, P 49
- ^ Livius.org, Legio XIIII Gemina: https://www.livius.org/articles/legion/legio-xiiii-gemina/
- ^ Anthony Birley, The Fasti of Roman Britain (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981), p. 232
- ^ a b c d e Géza Alföldy, Konsulat und Senatorenstand unter der Antoninen (Bonn: Rudolf Habelt Verlag, 1977), p. 301
- ^ Paul M. M. Leunissen, Konsuln und Konsulare in der Zeit von Commodus bis Severus Alexander (Amsterdam: J.C. Gieben, 1989), p. 343
- ^ Leunissen, Konsuln und Konsulare, p. 344
- ^ Birley, Fasti of Roman Britain, p. 245
Bibliography
- Mommsen, Theodor The History of Rome, Volume 1.
- Pollard, Nigel & Berry, Joanne The Complete Roman Legions.
- Parker, H. M. D. The Roman Legions.
- Ireland, Stanley Roman Britain: A Sourcebook (Routledge Sourcebooks for the Ancient World), 3rd Edition.
External links
- Legio XIIII Gemina[permanent dead link] at livius.org