Leslie Street Spit
The Leslie Street Spit, or officially the Outer Harbour East Headland, is a human-made headland in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, extending from the city's east end in a roughly southwesterly direction into Lake Ontario. It is about 5 kilometres (3 mi) long. The Spit is the result of five decades of lakefilling by the Toronto Port Authority. It was conceived as an extension of Toronto Harbour, and has evolved into a largely passive recreation area. Naturalization had not been planned but the process is now actively managed by the Toronto and Region Conservation Authority. A large portion of it is classified as an Environmentally Sensitive Area (ESA) and it is recognized as an Important Bird Area.
Its common name is technically incorrect, since it is not truly a
History
The Spit is a man-made landfill that began in the 1950s when the
While the original need for the landform was eliminated, the site continued to receive excavation and construction waste from the building of Toronto's subways, office towers and other large projects. In the late 1970s, dredgeate from the nearby Keating Channel was also dumped on the emerging spit, which was seen as a better solution than dumping the polluted material into open water. Dredging is an ongoing process and PortsToronto continues to dump silt and mud in the Spit's embayments.[5]
In the early 1970s, the Spit was one of up to a dozen landfill parks across the Toronto-area shoreline planned by the Toronto and Region Conservation Authority (TRCA, but then known as the Metropolitan Toronto Regional Conservation Authority).[6] It began as a long, slender finger of bare land stretching out into the lake, and developed several lobes enclosing small bays. It was eventually colonized by a variety of plant life.[7]
Development plans and political challenges
The provincial government gave the TRCA the mandate to develop parks, beaches and recreation areas along the waterfront from Mississauga to Ajax. This was referred to as the Metro Waterfront Plan and excluded only the area between Leslie St. and Dufferin St. (roughly the eastern harbour to Ontario Place in the west).[8] Even at this early stage, there were reports that there was little coordination between TRCA (a joint Metro Toronto - provincial body), the City's planning department and the federal Harbour Commission.
From this period until 1985, the proposed public area on the Spit was referred to as the Aquatic Park. Public discussions on the future of the site were held in June 1974 and proposed uses included mooring for over 500 boats, along with bicycling, picnicking and fishing facilities.[9] A Master Plan was prepared for the TRCA and the details were publicized in March 1976. The consultants' report proposed significant development, including expanded marinas (now mooring for 1,500 boats), an amphitheatre, a water ski area and a hotel.[10] Former City of Toronto councillor Colin Vaughan portrayed the consultation process as narrowly focused in a February 1977 article.[3] Vaughan cited the following language from the terms of reference for the consultants: "to produce an active water-oriented recreation concept featuring major boating, swimming and aquatic facilities" and noted that only 20 acres of the 250 acres under study were set aside for naturalized areas. The Master Plan was criticized by several groups and in the end, governments were not prepared to fund the high cost on a relatively controversial proposal.[11]
In 1984, the TRCA launched a new planning process for the Spit as the organization acknowledged that the 1976 plan was "no longer appropriate".[12] There was significant lobbying by sailing and naturalist groups, however, the Spit was becoming naturalized with little interference. However in 1976 the Aquatic Park Sailing Club was formed on one of the embayments. It is still operating today with mooring balls for 100 sailboats and a clubhouse and dock. The members also consider themselves stewards of the spit. They are off grid and use solar power. In 1985, the TRCA announced that the northern portion of the Spit was designated as an environmentally sensitive area and that future plans would accommodate both recreational and naturalist groups.[13][14]
Land title
Because it was newly created land, it was owned by the Crown and held by the provincial Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR).[15] The land set aside for the park was transferred to the TRCA in 1984. However, the MNR retains ownership of the active landfill portion of the spit.
Friends of the Spit
The Leslie Street Spit's evolution into an urban wilderness was never in the city's plans. The spit's status as such was secured by a number of organizations, with the citizens' advocacy group known as Friends of the Spit at the forefront of advocacy to naturalize the site.[16]
Structure
The inner part of the Spit consists of three
In 1929s, construction of a breakwater (called an "endikement" by official park documentation) on the eastern side of the embayments began.[4] The breakwater is designed protects the embayments and also deflects substantial sediment from the Inner Harbour.
Access
As late as 1973, there was no formal access to the Spit, although visits could be arranged with the Toronto Harbour Commission.[17] However, by the summer of 1974, the Toronto Harbour Commission was providing bus service to the Spit on Sunday afternoons.[18]
The Spit is open to the public from 5:30 am. to 9:00 p.m. on weekends and statutory holidays (with the exception of Christmas Day, Boxing Day and New Years Day), and from 4:00 p.m. to 9:00 p.m. on weekdays.[19] It is closed during the day on weekdays owing to the ongoing construction of the spit, conducted by PortsToronto.
The Leslie Street Spit is a
Tommy Thompson Park
The northern half of the Spit has been designated as
The Tommy Tompson Park Pedestrian Bridge has been reopened for public use following a complete rebuild by PortsToronto.
Important bird area
Quite a number of bird species are found on the Leslie Street Spit. More than 300 species of birds have been identified, 45 of which breed on the headland.
Owing to the Leslie Street Spit's importance to so many bird species, it has been designated an
Gallery
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Rubble and other human-made artifacts covered by winter ice at the Leslie Spit.
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Swans, ducks, and other birds basking in the sun at the Leslie Spit in winter.
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The Leslie Spit in late spring looking across the Main Harbour Channel towards the Toronto skyline.
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Looking towards downtown Toronto from the Leslie Spit in autumn.
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The Leslie Spit in winter looking towards downtown Toronto.
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View of the setting sun from the Leslie Spit in winter
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Northern Sawhet Owl
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Warbler singing
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Curious young swan
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Dominant male coyote
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Sawhet Owl
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Moss-covered dragonfly
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American mink
See also
References
- ^ "Resources – Tommy Thompson Park | Leslie Street Spit". Retrieved 2023-12-21.
The name "Leslie Street Spit" was coined by local residents and remains the unofficial popular name.
- ^ "TVO Today | Current Affairs Journalism, Documentaries and Podcasts". www.tvo.org. Retrieved 2023-12-28.
- ^ a b Vaughan, Colin (4 February 1977). "New park: Do we want wall-to-wall boats?". The Globe and Mail. p. 7.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-4594-0875-3. Archivedfrom the original on 2016-01-05. Retrieved 2015-12-27.
- ^ a b Bateman, Chris (15 October 2015). "How muck from the mouth of the Don River becomes new land for the Leslie Street Spit". Toronto Life. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 27 December 2015.
- ^ "Harbor landfill suggested for Island home site". Toronto Star. 6 February 1974. p. B1.
- ISBN 0-9695562-1-7.
- ^ Daly, Margaret (8 December 1973). "Making sense of the grandiose waterfront plans". The Toronto Star. p. B1.
- ^ "A place to sail and a place to swim among suggestions for aquatic park". The Toronto Star. 6 June 1974. p. B1.
- ^ Baker, Alden (19 March 1976). "$26 million dollar Aquatic Park plan calls for amphitheatre, beaches, campsites". The Globe and Mail.
- ^ Baker, Alden (21 May 1975). "Restraint measures wash away plans for Aquatic Park". The Globe and Mail. p. 5.
- ^ Baker, Alden (9 March 1984). "Groups to fight for Aquatic Park". The Globe and Mail. p. M2.
- ^ DiManno, Rosie (2 April 1985). "Gull lovers put Leslie Spit on hold". The Toronto Star. p. A6.
- ^ Baker, Alden (7 September 1985). "Boats, nature buffs to share Leslie spit". The Globe and Mail. p. 15.
- ^ Alaton, Salem (10 September 1983). "Who will be king of the heap?". The Globe and Mail.
- ^ Kidd, Bruce; Merrens, H. Roy (12 August 1978). "Keep it primitive if you want a really modern park". The Globe and Mail. p. 10.
- ^ Dexter, Brian (17 May 1973). "The waterfront guide to places that you never knew". The Toronto Star. pp. A3.
- ^ "150 take trip to new harbour entrance". The Toronto Star. 8 July 1974. p. C1.
- ^ "Tommy Thompson Park FAQ". TRCA. Archived from the original on 17 March 2017. Retrieved 16 March 2017.
- ^ "Parking It: Tommy Thompson Park | Waterfront Toronto". www.waterfrontoronto.ca. Retrieved 2023-12-28.
- ^ W.G. Wilson, E.D. Cheskey. Leslie Street Spit, Tommy Thompson Park: Important Bird Area Conservation Plan. IBA Steering Committee. July 2001. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-07-24. Retrieved 2008-05-31.
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: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Birds of Toronto - A Guide to Their Remarkable World. City of Toronto Biodiversity Series. 2009. p. 23.