Lexifier
A lexifier is the language that provides the basis for the majority of a
adstrate still contributes the majority of the lexicon in most cases, and would be considered the lexifier. However, it is not the dominant language, as there are none in the development of mixed languages, such as in Michif.[1]
Structure
Often the
contact language, is written Broken + Lexifier, e.g. Broken English. This becomes confusing when multiple contact languages have the same lexifier, as different languages could be called the same name by their speakers. Hence, the names are as stated above in the literature to reduce this confusion.[1]
Name
The word lexifier is derived from the modern Latin word lexicon, meaning a catalogue of the vocabulary or units in a given language.[3][failed verification]
Examples
- English is the lexifier of English-based creole languages, such as:
- Jamaican Patois[4]
- Belizean Creole[5]
- Miskito Coast Creole[6]
- San Andres Creole English[7]
- Singapore Colloquial English, a.k.a. "Singlish"
- French is the lexifier of French-based creole languages, such as:
- Portuguese is the lexifier of Portuguese-based creole languages, such as:
- Cape Verdean Creole[14]
- Korlai Creole Portuguese[15]
- Malaysian Creole Portuguese[1]
- Papiamento
- Guinea-Bissau Creole
- Spanish is the lexifier of Spanish-based creole languages, such as:
- Dutch is the lexifier of Dutch-based creole languages, such as:
- Negerhollands[18]
- Berbice Dutch Creole[19]
- Zulu is the lexifier of Zulu-based creole languages, such as:
References
- ^ ISBN 978-90-272-5272-2.
- ^ Rachel, Selbach. "2. The superstrate is not always the lexifier: Lingua Franca in the Barbary Coast 1530-1830". Creole Language Library: 29–58.
- ^ "lexicon, n.". OED Online. Oxford University Press. December 2018. Retrieved 2018-12-29.
- S2CID 165625005.
- )
- ^ "Nicaragua Creole English". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2018-10-11.
- ^ "Islander Creole English". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2018-10-19.
- ^ "Saint Lucian Creole French". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2018-10-11.
- ^ "Guianese Creole French".
- ^ "Haitian Creole". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2018-10-11.
- ^ "Louisiana Creole". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2018-10-11.
- ^ "Morisyen".
- ^ "Réunion Creole French".
- ISSN 1569-9978.
- ISSN 1569-9870.
- S2CID 53459665.
- S2CID 143540760.
- S2CID 170572846.
- ISSN 0388-0001.
- S2CID 148247812.
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