Lexovii
The Lexovii (
Name
They are mentioned as Lexovii (var. Lexobii) and Lexovios by Caesar (mid-1st c. BC),[1] Lēxobíous (Ληξοβίους) and Lēxooúioi (Ληξοούιοι) by Strabo (early 1st c. AD),[2] Lexovios (var. lexobios, lixouios) by Pliny (1st c. AD),[3] and as Lēxoubíōn (Ληξουβίων; var. Λειξουβίων) and Lēxoúbioi (Ληξούβιοι; var. Λιξούβιοι) by Ptolemy (2nd c. AD).[4][5]
The ethnic name Lexovii is a latinized form of the
The city of Lisieux, attested ca. 400 AD as civitas Lexoviorum ('civitas of the Lexovii', Loxovias in 614, Lisiue in 1024), and the region of Lieuvin, attested in the 6th c. as Luxoviensis (pagus Lisvinus in 802, Liévin in 1155), are named after the Gallic tribe.[8]
Geography
At the time of the Gallic Wars (58–50 BC), the Lexovii were part of the civitates Aremoricae.[9]
Their chief town was Noviomagus (modern Lisieux).[9]
History
When the
Religion
In Berthouville were found three coins engraved with the name of a Gallo-Roman god Mercurius Canatonnessis (Mercurio Kanetonnessi, M[ercurio] C[anetonnessi], Merc[urio] Can[e]t[onnessi]).[10]
At the border of the civitas of the Lexovii and Viducasses, in Jort (ancient *Divo-ritum, named after the *Diva river), was found a bronze stylus found carved with the name of the Celtic god Toutatis (Toutati).[11]
References
- ^ Caesar. Commentarii de Bello Gallico, 3:9, 3:11, 3:17, 3:28, 7:75.
- ^ Strabo. Geōgraphiká, 4:1:14, 4:3:5.
- ^ Pliny. Naturalis Historia, 4:107
- ^ Ptolemy. Geōgraphikḕ Hyphḗgēsis, 2:8:2; 2:8:5
- ^ Falileyev 2010, s.v. Lexovii.
- ^ Delamarre 2003, p. 201.
- ^ Lambert 2005, p. 227.
- ^ Nègre 1990, p. 154.
- ^ a b Lafond 2006.
- ^ Lajoye 2013, p. 45.
- ^ Lajoye & Lemaître 2014, pp. 21–22.
Bibliography
- ISBN 9782877723695.
- Falileyev, Alexander (2010). Dictionary of Continental Celtic Place-names: A Celtic Companion to the Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. CMCS. ISBN 978-0955718236.
- Lafond, Yves (2006). "Lexovii". Brill's New Pauly. .
- Lajoye, Patrice (2013). "L'épigraphie religieuse mentionnant des théonymes ou des épithètes indigènes en Lyonnaise seconde.: Un état des lieux". In Hofeneder, Andreas; de Bernardo Stempel, Patrizia (eds.). Théonymie celtique, cultes, interpretatio = Keltische Theonymie, Kulte, Interpretatio (1 ed.). Austrian Academy of Sciences Press. pp. 45–50. JSTOR j.ctv8mdn28.6.
- Lajoye, Patrice; Lemaître, Claude (2014). "Une inscription votive à Toutatis découverte à Jort (Calvados, France)". Études celtiques. 40 (1): 21–28. .
- ISBN 978-8478825721.
- ISBN 978-2-600-02883-7.