Liaoningopterus

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Liaoningopterus
Temporal range:
Ma
↓
Hypothetical life restoration
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Order: †Pterosauria
Suborder: †Pterodactyloidea
Family: †Anhangueridae
Subfamily: †Anhanguerinae
Genus: †Liaoningopterus
Wang & Zhou, 2003
Type species
†Liaoningopterus gui
Wang & Zhou, 2003

Liaoningopterus, sometimes misspelled as "Liaoningopteryx", was a

Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation of Chaoyang, Liaoning
, China.

The genus was named in 2003 by Wang Xiaolin and Zhou Zhonghe. The type species is Liaoningopterus gui. The genus name is derived from Liaoning and a Latinized Greek pteron, "wing". The specific name honors Professor Gu Zhiwei, an invertebrate specialist who has pioneered the study of the Jehol Biota.

Description

The genus is based on

anterior end of the jaws. They were elongated but robust, generally increasing in size from the back to the front. The fourth tooth in the upper jaw is with a length of 81 millimeters (3.2 in), the largest known for any pterosaur. It is exceptional in size compared to the other teeth of Liaoningopterus.[1]

Meanwhile, the longest tooth in the lower jaw of Liaoningopterus has a length of 41 millimeters (1.6 in). Tooth length in the specimen is very variable, which the authors explained by the presence of recently erupted replacement teeth. There were twenty pairs of teeth in the upper jaws and thirteen or fourteen pairs in the lower jaws. The preserved cervical vertebra has a centrum length of 46 millimeters (1.8 in) and a centrum height of 34 millimeters (1.3 in). From the wing bones pieces of the first phalanx can be recognized which had an estimated total length of about 50 millimeters (2.0 in). The authors described Liaoningopterus as being probably a piscivore, due to the long, pointed snout.[1]

The size is estimated at 5 m (16 ft) in wingspan and 20 kg (44 lb) in body mass.[2][3]

Classification

Wang classified Liaoningopterus as a member of the

cladistic analysis showing Liaoningopterus to be a basal member of the Anhangueridae; in 2008 an analysis by Ji Qiang had Liaoningopterus in a trichotomy with Anhanguera and Tropeognathus.[5]

Below is a cladogram showing the phylogenetic placement of this genus within Ornithocheirae from Andres and Myers (2013).[6]

Ornithocheirae
 Anhangueridae 

Liaoningopterus gui

Anhanguera

 Ornithocheiridae 

Tropeognathus mesembrinus

Ornithocheirus simus

Coloborhynchus clavirostris

Coloborhynchus wadleighi

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Wang X.-L. and Zhou Z.-H. (2003). Two new pterodactyloid pterosaurs from the Early Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation of Western Liaoning, China. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 41(1):34-41.
  2. doi:10.1016/j.pgeola.2019.05.002
    .
  3. ISBN 9780691232218
    .
  4. ^ Xiaolin Wang, Kellner, A.W.A., Zhonghe Zhou, and de Almeida Campos, D. (2005). Pterosaur diversity and faunal turnover in Cretaceous terrestrial ecosystems in China. Nature 437:875-879.
  5. ^ Andres, B. and Ji Q., (2008), "A new pterosaur from the Liaoning Province of China, the phylogeny of Pterodactyloidea, and convergence in their cervical vertebrae", Palaeontology 51(2): 453–469
  6. doi:10.1017/S1755691013000303
    .

External links
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