Civic nationalism
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Civic nationalism, otherwise known as democratic nationalism and liberal nationalism, is a form of
Civic nationalism is frequently contrasted with
Civic nationhood is a political identity built around shared
In theory, a civic nation or state does not aim to promote one culture over another.[8] German philosopher Jürgen Habermas has argued that immigrants to a liberal-democratic state need not assimilate into the host culture but only accept the principles of the country's constitution (constitutional patriotism).[8]
History
This section possibly contains original research. (January 2017) |
Civic nationalism lies within the traditions of
The
The Scottish National Party[15][16][17] and Plaid Cymru,[17] which advocate independence of their respective nations from the United Kingdom, proclaim themselves to be civic nationalist parties, in which they advocate the independence and popular sovereignty of the people living in their nation's society, not individual ethnic groups.
The
The Union of Cypriots define its ideology as Cypriot nationalism,[19] a civic nationalism that focuses on the shared identity of Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots. It highlights both communities' common culture, heritage and traditions as well as economic, political, and social rights. It also supports the reunification of Cyprus and the end of foreign interference by Greece, Turkey, and the United Kingdom.[20]
Outside Europe, it has also been used to describe the Republican Party in the United States during the Civil War Era.[21]
Civic nationalism shares elements of the
Criticism
The distinction between ethnic and civic nationalism has also been criticized by scholars like
Quoting Rogers Brubaker, Özkırımlı argues:
Since all nations lay claim to a unique place in history and to certain boundaries, all national identities are exclusionary. In that sense, all nations are ethnic nations [...] Brubaker elaborates on this, claiming that there are two different ways of mapping culture onto the ethnic-civic distinction. Ethnic nationalism may be interpreted narrowly, as involving an emphasis on descent. In this case, Brubaker argues, there is very little ethnic nationalism around, since on this view an emphasis on common culture has to be coded as a species of civic nationalism. If, however, ethnic nationalism is interpreted broadly, as ethnocultural, while civic nationalism is interpreted narrowly, as involving a cultural conception of citizenship, the problem is the opposite: 'civic nationalism gets defined out of existence, and virtually all nationalisms would be coded as ethnic or cultural'. Even the paradigmatic cases of civic nationalism, France and America, would cease to count as civic nationalism, since they have a crucial cultural component.
— Umut Özkırımlı, Contemporary Debates on Nationalism: A Critical Introduction, pp.24-5
Following Brubaker, John Etherington demonstrates how civic nationalism inevitably involves an underlying ethnic concept of national belonging. Because supposed civic values are abstract, universal and thus open to all, "they cannot be related to a specific place – the national homeland. Thus, any civic conception of the nation is dependent on a prior ethnic conception because of the need to establish who belongs to the nation and its homeland and who does not".[25]
See also
- National liberalism
- Americanism (ideology)
- Civic virtue
- Composite nationalism
- Cultural nationalism
- Imagined community
- Liberal Nationalism (book)
- Nation-building
- Postcolonial anarchism
- Plurinationalism
Citations
- ISBN 1134378602. Retrieved 13 May 2017.
- ISBN 0-19-828047-5.
- ISBN 0-19-827949-3. For criticism, see: Patten, Alan. 1999. "The Autonomy Argument for Liberal Nationalism." Nations and Nationalism. 5(1): 1-17.
- ISBN 0-19-828047-5. For criticism, see: Abizadeh, Arash. 2002. "Does Liberal Democracy Presuppose a Cultural Nation? Four Arguments." American Political Science Review 96 (3): 495-509; Abizadeh, Arash. 2004. "Liberal Nationalist versus Postnational Social Integration." Nations and Nationalism10(3): 231-250.
- ISSN 1469-8129.
- ISBN 9781610448536.
- ISBN 9780333947739.
- ^ a b c ANNA STILZ. "Civic Nationalism and Language Policy". Philosophy & Public Affairs. 37 (3): 257.
- ^ "Constitution of the Republic of Turkey".
- What is a Nation?", 1882; cf. Chaim Gans, The Limits of Nationalism, Cambridge University Press, 2003, p. 11.
- ISSN 1094-2939.
- ^ Renan, Ernest (11 March 1882). "What Is A Nation" (PDF). UCParis. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
- ISBN 978-84-9027-297-8
- ISBN 9780230374348.
- ISBN 978-0-582-47274-7.
- ISBN 978-0-203-92659-8.
- ^ ISBN 0674015398.
- ^ "Els valors republicans com a pilar de la nostra societat" (in Catalan).
- ^ Aldrich, Alan (17 August 2018). "Cypriotism in the Twenty-First Century". Bella Caledonia. Scotland. Archived from the original on 21 August 2018. Retrieved 21 August 2018.
- ISBN 978-0-19-928428-3.
- ISBN 9780807132739.
- ISSN 1094-2939.
- ^ .
- ^ Özkırımlı, Umut. (2005). Contemporary Debates on Nationalism: A Critical Introduction. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
- . Retrieved 20 February 2024. p.31
Sources
- Tournier-Sol, Karine (2015). "Reworking the Eurosceptic and Conservative Traditions into a Populist Narrative: UKIP's Winning Formula?". Journal of Common Market Studies. 53 (1): 140–56. S2CID 142738345.
External links
- The dictionary definition of when in Rome, do as the Romans do at Wiktionary