Liberal parties by country

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This article gives information on liberalism worldwide. It is an overview of parties that adhere to some form of liberalism and is therefore a list of liberal parties around the world.

Introduction

The definition of liberal party is highly debatable. In the list below, it is defined as a political party that adheres to the basic principles of political liberalism. This is a broad political current, including left-wing, centrist and right-wing elements. All liberal parties emphasise individual rights, but they differ in their opinion on an active role for the state. This list includes parties of different character, ranging from classical liberalism to social liberalism, conservative liberalism to national liberalism.

Several

Not all the parties using the "Liberal" or "Freedom" labels are actually liberal. Moreover, some parties, such as the Freedom Party of Austria, were originally liberal, but have since tilted toward a populist direction and abandoned most of the tenets of liberalism. Finally, some parties, such as the United States Republican Party, Australia's Liberal Party or Norway's Progress Party are liberal mainly from an economic point of view rather than a social point of view (see economic liberalism, libertarianism and right-libertarianism).

International organizations of parties

• Liberal International
• Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party
• Liberal Network for Latin America
• Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats
• Africa Liberal Network
• Arab Liberal Federation

Parliamentary parties and other parties with substantial support

This list includes also parties that were represented in the last previous legislature and still exists as well as some banned or exiles parties (Cuba). Liberals might be active in other parties, but that is no reason to include a party.

See the remarks above about the criteria. Minor parties are listed below

Africa

Liberalism is a relatively new current for Africa. Traditionally it only existed more or less in Egypt, Senegal and especially South Africa.

•  
  Berber party, the Rally for Culture and Democracy (French
  : Rassemblement pour la Culture et la Démocratie) could be considered to embrace some liberal values.
•  Angola: the Liberal Democratic Party (Portuguese: Partido Liberal Democrático, member LI) is a small liberal party.
•  
  Rebirth Party of Benin (French: Parti de la renaissance du Bénin), might be considered a liberal party, but its exact profile is not available. The Cowry Forces for an Emerging Benin (French
  : Forces Cauris pour un Bénin émergent) are a centrist party alliance with liberal elements.
•  Burkina Faso: the Alliance for Democracy and Federation (French: Alliance pour la Démocratie et la Fédération), might be considered a liberal party, but its exact profile is not available.
•  Cape Verde: the Movement for Democracy (Portuguese: Movimento para a Democracia, member CDI), is a liberal and Christian-democratic party
•  
  Future of Congo (French
  : Avenir du Congo) is a liberal party of the current Prime Minister
•  
  New Wafd Party (Hizb al-Wafd-al-Jadid) could be considered "liberal parties". The newest liberal party in Egypt is El-Ghad Party (Tomorrow's Party) led by the opposition leader Ayman Nour [1]. Also, the newly established Free Egyptians Party. See for more information: Liberalism in Egypt
  .
•  Equatorial Guinea: the National Democratic Union of Equatorial Guinea (Spanish: Unión Democrática Nacional de Guinea Ecuatorial, member LI) claims to be a liberal party.
•  
  United Democratic Party
  , might be considered a liberal party, but its exact profile is not available.
•  Ghana: the New Patriotic Party is a right of center liberal party that is unclear about its international affiliations.
•  Guinea: the Union of Democratic Forces of Guinea (French: Union des forces démocratiques de Guinée, member LI, ALN) and the Union of Republican Forces (French: Union des forces républicaines, member LI, ALN) are the main opposition parties.
•  Ivory Coast: the Rally of the Republicans (French: Rassemblement des Republicains, member LI, CDI) is the liberal, main government party.
•  Kenya: the Orange Democratic Movement (observer LI) might be considered a liberal party.
•  Malawi: the liberal character of the United Democratic Front is despite its membership of the LI disputable. The Democratic Progressive Party was formed in 2005 by President Bingu wa Mutharika after a dispute with the UDF. There were allegations that members of the former governing UDF did not adequately tackle corruption. It is unclear if the party will be ideological or personalist in style.
•  Morocco: two center-right parties, the Constitutional Union (French: Union Constitutionnelle) and the Popular Movement (French: Mouvement Populaire) are both member of the LI. However both are conservative in social issues, something abnormal for a true liberal party. The National Rally of Independents (observer LI, member ALN), founded in 1978 as a royalist party, is nowadays a liberal party.
•  Mozambique: the Liberal and Democratic Party of Mozambique (Portuguese: Partido Liberal e Democrático de Moçambique) and the Social Liberal and Democratic Party (Portuguese: Partido Social-Liberal e Democrático) claim to be liberal parties, but both lost parliamentary representation.
•  Senegal: the Senegalese Democratic Party (French: Parti Démocratique Sénégalais, member LI) is a liberal party with a strong personalist character. See for more information: Liberalism in Senegal.
•  Seychelles: the Seychelles National Party (observer LI) is a liberal party.
•  Sierra Leone: the People's Movement for Democratic Change (member ALN, observer DUA) can be considered as a liberal party. It is the country's third largest party but lost parliamentary representation in 2012.
•  South Africa: the Democratic Alliance (member LI) is a liberal party. See for more information: Liberalism in South Africa.
•  
  AAFD
  ) is a social-liberal party struggling for human rights and a social market economy.
•  Tanzania: the Civic United Front (Swahili: Chama Cha Wananchi), member LI) and the United Democratic Party, observer LI are liberal parties.
•  Tunisia: the Social Liberal Party (French: Parti social-libéral, observer LI) is a more or less liberal party.
•  Zambia: the main opposition party, the United Party for National Development (observer LI) takes a liberal position in the political spectrum.
•  Zimbabwe: liberalism is not organized, but the left-leaning opposition Movement for Democratic Change includes liberals and social democrats opposed to the ruling ZANU–PF party.

The Americas

In many Latin American countries, liberalism and radicalism have been associated with generally left-of-center political movements such as Colombia's Liberal Party, historically concerned mostly with effecting government decentralization and regional autonomy (liberals were influential in the total dissolution of at least two defunct countries, the

•  Argentina: the Radical Civic Union historically was a centrist progressive-liberal party, while nowadays it adheres to the Socialist International and its platform is a combination of liberal and social democratic ideas. The UCR's long-time rivals have been Peronism and the Peronist-inspired Justicialist Party. Recreate for Growth had been a short lived attempt to form a market liberal party and has observer status in the Liberal International. This party was in alliance with conservative-liberal Republican Proposal. Also smaller parties, such as the Union of the Democratic Centre, the Progressive Democratic Party, the Liberal Party of Corrientes and the Democratic Party of Mendoza, adhere to conservative-liberal principles. On the libertarian side, stands the Liberal Libertarian Party (dissolved) and the Libertarian Party (now) whose focus is on free markets and individual rights.
•  Aruba: the character of the Aruban Liberal Organization (Organisacion Liberal Arubiano) is not clear. The party lost parliamentary representation in the 2005 election.
•  
  Bahamas: the dominant party is the left of center liberal Progressive Liberal Party
  .
•  Bolivia: the Liberal Party was dominant until 1952. (Main article: Liberalism in Bolivia).
•  Brazil: Liberalism (in a general, international acceptance) is represented only by the recently founded New Party (Portuguese: Partido Novo). There are no mainstream parties currently holding unambiguous liberal principles nor any members of the Liberal International. While at least three parties label themselves as "liberal", the Liberal Front Party (Partido da Frente Liberal), renamed Democrats (Portuguese: Democratas) in 2007, is actually a conservative party. The Liberal Party (Portuguese: Partido Liberal), is a populist-conservative party with links to religious organizations, and the Social Liberal Party (Portuguese: Partido Social Liberal) is a conservative party. (Main article: Liberalism in Brazil).
•  Canada: Liberal refers mainly to the policies and ideas of the Liberal Party of Canada/French: Parti Libéral du Canada (member LI), the most frequent governing party of Canada for the last century and one of the most successful liberal parties in the world. The Liberal Party of Canada has generally adhered to modern liberalism, supporting a welfare state, and is regarded as a centrist to centre-left party in the Canadian context although some provincial parties such as the Quebec Liberal Party combine liberalism with conservative ideas. (Main article: Liberalism in Canada).
•  
  RELIAL. (Main article: Liberalism and radicalism in Chile
  ).
•  
  Social National Unity Party have taken classical liberal ideas. (Main article: Liberalism in Colombia
  ).
•  
  Liberal Progressive Party (Spanish: Partido Liberal Progresista) was founded in 2016 is an economically and socially liberal party. (Main article: Liberalism in Costa Rica
  ).
•  
  Cuban Liberal Movement (Movimiento Liberal Cubano) are located in Havana
  , but they are not allowed to participate in elections.
•  
  Dominican Republic: the originally left-wing Dominican Liberation Party (Spanish: Partido de la Liberacíon Dominicana) developed into a center liberal party. The Liberal Reformist Party
  (Partido Reformista Liberal) is also a center liberal party.
•  Ecuador: the Alfarista Radical Front (Frente Radical Alfarista) and the Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party (Spanish: Partido Liberal Radical Ecuatoriana) are two small remainders of the traditional liberal current. (Main article: Liberalism and radicalism in Ecuador).
•  Greenland: Atassut is a right-of-center liberal party. The Democrats (Greenlandic: Demokraatit) and the Cooperation Party (Greenlandic: Suleqatigiissitsisut) are social liberal parties. They all oppose separation from Denmark.
•  Grenada: the National Democratic Congress is a center liberal party.
•  Honduras: the Liberal Party of Honduras (Partido Liberal de Honduras, member LI and RELIAL) is the traditional center liberal party. (Main article: Liberalism in Honduras).
•  Mexico: liberalism is represented by the New Alliance Party (Spanish: Partido Nueva Alianza), member LI). (Main article: Liberalism in Mexico).
•  Nicaragua: the liberal character of the right-wing Constitutionalist Liberal Party (Spanish: Partido Liberal Constitucionalista, former member LI) is disputable. (Main article: Liberalism in Nicaragua).
•  Panama: the Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement (Spanish: Partido Movimiento Liberal Republicano Nacionalista) is a center-right liberal party. (Main article: Liberalism in Panama).
•  Paraguay: the Authentic Radical Liberal Party (Spanish: Partido Liberal Radical Auténtico, member LI and RELIAL) is a center liberal party. (Main article: Liberalism and radicalism in Paraguay).
•  Peru: classical liberal Liberty Movement and Liberal Party of Peru. In Fujimorian-occupied Peru: social liberal Justice Party.
•  
  Popular Democratic Party (Spanish
  : Partido Popular Democrático) is a left of center liberal party.
•  Suriname: the Democratic Alternative '91 (Dutch: Democratisch Alternatief '91) is a center liberal party.
•  Trinidad and Tobago: the People's National Movement is a liberal centrist to centre-left party.^{[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]}
•  
  Franklin Roosevelt, continued to call themselves liberals, framing social liberal ideas as positive liberties, in contrast to the negative liberties that can only be avoided through a lack of government intervention.^[15] Starting in the 1980s, the conservatives and modern liberals began to adopt more classically-liberal economic perspectives through fusionism and the Third Way respectively. Today, the Democratic Party is sometimes identified as the liberal party within the broader definition of liberalism thus putting it in contrast with most other parties listed here. Democrats advocate for more social freedoms, affirmative action, and a mixed economy (and therefore modern liberalism). The Republican Party experiences a somewhat fractured economic viewpoint with some members supporting strong free-market and libertarian views (and therefore economic liberalism) and others championing pro-business and economic nationalist stances, though both sectors typically mix their fiscal views with strong aspects of social conservatism. The Libertarian Party is the third largest political party in the United States, (though still only getting 1–2% of the vote in congressional elections), and particularly centers itself on free markets and individual liberty, which is more in line with classical liberalism. (Main article: Liberalism in the United States and Modern liberalism in the United States
  )
•  Uruguay: liberalism organized itself in the nineteenth century in the Colorado Party (Spanish: Partido Colorado) nowadays a heterogeneous party, divided in factions ranging from conservative to social-democratic; however, its general profile is more or less liberal. (Main article: Liberalism in Uruguay).
•  
  Liberalism in Venezuela
  ).

Asia

Liberalism has or had some tradition in some countries. Nowadays it is a growing current in East Asia, but in many of these countries liberals tend not to use the label liberal.

Armenia, Azerbaijan, Cyprus, Georgia, Russia, and Turkey are listed under Europe.

•  
  Bangladesh Liberal Democratic Party
  is a small liberal democratic party.
•  Cambodia: the Candlelight Party (គណបក្សភ្លើងទៀន, member CALD), claims to be a more or less liberal party, though some dispute this and consider it a xenophobic party.
•  Hong Kong: the Democratic Party is a liberal party, strongly emphasizing the need of democratic reforms. The Civic Party is also a liberal party. The Liberal Party is often considered to be a conservative, pro-business party.
•  India: Liberalism is currently unrepresented. However two centrist parties, INC and NCP have been described as liberal.^[16](Main article: Liberalism in India).
•  Iran: liberalism is forbidden and its members have been killed in the past. The Liberal Democratic Party of Iran is forced to exist in exile (based in Sweden). (Main article: Liberalism in Iran).
•  Israel: Yesh Atid (Hebrew: יש עתיד, lit. 'There Is a Future', member of LI) is the second biggest party in the Israeli Parliament with a strongly anti-clerical, liberal ideology. In the early 2000s, some Likud and Labor members formed a new liberal party called Kadima. The center-right Likud calls itself a National-Liberal Party.
•  Japan: the word liberal is used by the main conservative party, the Liberal Democratic Party (Jiyu Minshuto). The Democratic Party (Minshintō) is a social liberal centrist party. The Liberal League (Jiyu Rengo) was considered to be a free-market liberal party. Your Party was a market liberal or libertarian party. (Main article: Liberalism in Japan).
•  
  People Party and Bareunmirae Party that are allied with conservatives. (Main article: Liberalism in South Korea
  ).
•  Lebanon: the National Liberal Party (Hizb al-Ahrar al-Watani) is a liberal pro-independence party.
•  Malaysia: the Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia (Malaysian People's Movement Party, member CALD) seems to be a more or less liberal party.
•  
  Civil Will Party (Irgenii Zorig Nam) and the Mongolian Green Party
  (Mongolyn Nogoon Nam) who both had worked for protecting human rights and democracy. The new party combines market liberal and green values.
•  Myanmar: the National League for Democracy, observer CALD, a party with liberal democratic elements, became the biggest parliamentary party at the latest election. It won a parliamentary majority in the 1990 election but the result was not recognised by the military and the party was suppressed until 2012.
•  
  Pakistan Peoples Party
  is a progressive center left political party.
•  
  Liberalism in the Philippines
  ).
•  Singapore: the populist, liberal Singapore Democratic Party (member CALD) is not represented in parliament.
•  
  Liberal Party of Sri Lanka
  is a small liberal party.
•  
  Liberalism in Taiwan
  ).
•  
  Liberalism in Thailand
  ).

Europe

At a pan-European level liberalism exists in some form within generally all members of the

•  Albania: Two parties could be considered to embrace liberal values: the Democratic Alliance Party (Albanian: Partia Aleanca Demokratike, member LI, ALDE) and the Unity for Human Rights Party (Albanian: Partia Bashkimi për të Drejtat e Njeriut, Greek: Κόμμα Ένωσης Ανθρωπίνων Δικαιωμάτων), which is the party of the ethnic minorities. (Main article: Liberalism in Albania.)
•  
  Liberal Party of Andorra (Catalan: Partit Liberal d'Andorra, member LI, ALDE
  ) is a centre-right liberal party and currently the second-largest political party by parliamentary representation.
•  
  2018 Velvet Revolution. After the 2018 Armenian parliamentary election, Bright Armenia, a liberal political party, became the official opposition in the National Assembly and is a member of the ALDE. Following the 2021 Armenian parliamentary election, Bright Armenia lost all representation in the National Assembly and currently acts as an extra-parliamentary party. Other liberal parties in Armenia include the Armenian Constructive Party, Armenian National Movement Party, European Party of Armenia, For The Republic Party, Liberal Democratic Union of Armenia, and the Liberal Party. (Main article: Liberalism in Armenia
  .)
•  Austria: the NEOS – The New Austria and Liberal Forum (German: NEOS – Das Neue Österreich und Liberales Forum, member ALDE) was formed in 2014 as a merger of NEOS formed in 2012 and the Liberal Forum (German: Liberales Forum, LiF) formed in 1993. The Liberal Forum had split from the Freedom Party of Austria (German: Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs, FPÖ), which had become a right-wing nationalist party, but was previously liberal or national-liberal, and was a member of the Liberal International until 1993. (Main article: Liberalism in Austria.)
•  
  Modern Equality Party, Musavat and the Republican Alternative Party
  .
•  
  United Civic Party of Belarus (Belarusian: Аб'ядна́ная грамадзя́нская па́ртыя Белару́сі, romanized
  : Abjadnanaja hramadzianskaja partyja Biełarusi).
•  Belgium: the party system is divided by language. In the Flemish community, Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats (member LI, ALDE), comprising both market and social liberals, is one of the dominant parties. In the French community, the centre-right Reformist Movement (member LI, ALDE) is one of the major parties. Affiliated with this party is the Party for Freedom and Progress in the German community, and until 2011 DéFI a regionalist party in the Brussels region whose aim is the expansion of linguistic rights of French-speakers. (Main article: Liberalism in Belgium.)
•  Bosnia and Herzegovina: liberalism is weak, because of the domination by ethnic parties. A small and rather unsuccessful liberal party is the Liberal Democratic Party (Liberalno demokratska stranka, associate ALDE). More successful is the social liberaI and multi-ethnic Our Party (Naša stranka, associate ALDE).
•  
  Stand Up! Mafia, Get Out! and later Stand Up.BG! We Are Coming coalitions. Later the party We Continue The Change (Produlzhavame Promyanata, PP) became the leading liberal political party. (Main article: Liberalism and radicalism in Bulgaria
  .)
•  
  left centrist and Istrian regionalist Istrian Democratic Assembly (Istarski demokratski sabor – Dieta Democratica Istriana, member ALDE, observer LI) and the right-of-centre Croatian Social Liberal Party (Croatian: Hrvatska socijalno-liberalna stranka, member LI, ALDE). (Main article: Liberalism in Croatia
  ).
•  Cyprus: the centre-right Liberal Democrats www.liberalscy.org (Fileleftheri Dimokrates, member of the Interlibertarians) and the centre-left United Democrats (Enomeni Dimokrates, member ALDE) are considered liberal parties. See also Liberalism in Cyprus.
•  
  Liberalism in the Czech lands
  ).
•  Denmark: most parties support liberalism in one form or another, and three parties mark themselves as liberal: the centrist Social Liberal Party (Danish: Radikale Venstre, member LI, ALDE), the much larger conservative-liberal Venstre (member LI, ALDE) and the liberal–libertarian Liberal Alliance. (Main article: Liberalism and radicalism in Denmark).
•  
  Liberalism in Estonia
  ).
•  
  AECR) and the market liberal Progress (Faroese
  : Framsókn), founded in 2011.
•  
  Ålandic Centre (Åländsk Center, member ALDE) are the dominant forces. (Main article: Liberalism and centrism in Finland
  ).
•  
  La République En Marche!. (Main article: Liberalism and radicalism in France
  ).
•  
  IDU, observer EPP) is a liberal-conservative pro-western party oriented on North-Atlantic integration. Lelo (Georgian: ლელო, member ALDE), Republican Party of Georgia (Georgian: საქართველოს რესპუბლიკური პარტია, member ALDE) and Free Democrats (Georgian: თავისუფალი დემოკრატები, member ALDE
  ) are liberal pro-western parties.
•  Germany: the Free Democratic Party (Freie Demokratische Partei, member LI, ALDE) is a centre to centre-right classical liberal party. It supports laissez-faire and free market economics and is seen to be closer to the centre-right conservative CDU/CSU alliance on economic issues than the centre-left SPD, but closer to the SPD and the Greens on issues such as civil liberties, education, defense, and foreign policy. (Main article: Liberalism in Germany).
•  Gibraltar: the Liberal Party of Gibraltar (member LI, ALDE) is a social-liberal party favouring Gibraltar's self-determination.
•  
  PASOK, est. in 1974. Smaller parties such as the social-liberal The River (Greek: Το Ποτάμι, To Potami) and the Union of Centrists (Greek:Ένωση Κεντρώων, EDP member, Enosi Kentroon), claimer of Venizelist heritage, became the leading liberal forces. Meanwhile, new liberal initiatives have been taken, like e.g. the purely liberal Liberal Alliance (Greek: «Φιλελεύθερη Συμμαχία», Fileleftheri Simmakhia), est. in 2007. (Main article: Liberalism in Greece
  ).
•  Hungary: the Momentum Movement (Momentum Mozgalom) is a centrist and liberal political party, the Hungarian Liberal Party (Magyar Liberális Párt) is an extra-parliamentary market liberal party. (Main article: Liberalism and radicalism in Hungary).
•  
  Reform Party emerged as a liberal split from the governing Independence Party. (Main article: Liberalism and centrism in Iceland
  ).
•  
  Ireland: Fine Gael (member CDI and EPP) is a centre-right, liberal-conservative party whose platform encompasses low-tax economic policies and socially liberal stances on issues such as same-sex marriage, abortion, divorce, medical cannabis, and assisted dying. In recent years the traditionally Irish nationalist centrist Fianna Fáil (member LI and ALDE) has adopted liberal politics on both social and economic ones; however, the party membership remains conservative on social issues. The Progressive Democrats
  were a liberal party with an emphasis on market economics in existence from 1985 to 2009.
•  
  Members are elected as independents. It favours accountability and transparency in government and a further devolution from the United Kingdom
  .
•  Italy: liberals are now divided over the centre-right Forza Italia (originally a merger of liberal and Christian-democratic forces in 1994, and reconstituted in 2013 from The People of Freedom), the Civic Choice party founded in 2013 to support then-Prime Minister Mario Monti, Democratic Centre and Alliance for Italy, small social-liberal parties, and various minor extra-parliamentary movements including the libertarian Act to Stop the Decline and Italian Radicals (member ALDE Party). Also the centrist-populist Italy of Values is a member ALDE Party, although it is not classifiable as a liberal party in whichever sense. Most members of the late Italian Liberal Party (refounded as a very small party in 2004) and many former members of the Italian Republican Party joined Forza Italia, which is often presented and defined in Italy as a liberal party. This is the reason why the term 'liberals' is more often used when speaking of the centre-right coalition, dominated by Forza Italia, which combines economic liberalism with freedom of conscience on ethical matters. (Main article: Liberalism and radicalism in Italy).
•  
  the Alternative (Alternativa) are considered to be liberal parties, although the second one doesn't seem to have much support. The Independent Liberal Party (Samostalna liberalna stranka, member LI
  ) is a liberal party of the Serbian minority.
•  Latvia: the Development/For! is a classical-liberal political party (member ALDE). Development/For! had 13 seats in 13. saeima. Eliminated Latvia's First Party/Latvian Way party (member LI, ALDE) was a centre-right liberal party. (Main article: Liberalism in Latvia).
•  
  Liberal Movemant (Lithuanian: Lietuvos Respublikos Liberalų sąjūdis) and the Liberal and Centre Union (Lithuanian: Liberalų ir centro sąjunga, member LI), ALDE) are a centre liberal parties. (Main article: Liberalism in Lithuania
  ).
•  
  Luxembourgish: Demokratesch Partei/French: Parti démocratique/German: Demokratische Partei, member LI, ALDE) is the traditional liberal party. (Main article: Liberalism in Luxembourg
  ).
•  Malta: the AD+PD was formed in 2020 as a merger of the green Democratic Alternative and the social-liberal Democratic Party. The party has 2 seats in the parliament and was formed by dissatisfied members of the Labour Party. There are two minor liberal parties: Alleanza Liberal-Demokratika Malta and Alpha Liberal Democratic Party.
•  
  Liberal Reformist Party (Partidul Liberal Reformator, observer LI), which splintered of the Liberal Party to stay in government and be part of the Pro-European Coalition in 2013. (Main article: Liberalism in Moldova
  ).
•  Montenegro: liberalism is organized in the Liberal Party of Montenegro (Liberalna Partija Crne Gore, observer LI, member ALDE), more or less a liberal party. (Main article: Liberalism in Montenegro).
•  
  Netherlands: liberalism is divided between two parties. The social-liberal Democrats 66 (Dutch: Democraten 66, member LI, ALDE) and the conservative-liberal People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (Dutch: Volkspartij voor Vrijheid en Democratie, member LI, ALDE). Furthermore, in 2004 the GroenLinks started profiling itself as a 'leftist liberal' party, a shift from its socialist roots. (Main article: Liberalism in the Netherlands
  ).
•  North Macedonia: the liberals are divided over the Liberal Democratic Party (Macedonian: Либерално-демократска Партија, romanized: Liberalno-demokratska Partija, member LI, ALDE), part of the left of centre government coalition, and the Liberal Party of Macedonia (Macedonian: Либерална партија на Македонија, romanized: Liberalna partija na Makedonija), part of the right of centre opposition coalition. (Main article: Liberalism in North Macedonia).
•  
  Capitalist Party (Norwegian: Liberalistene) is a newer party grounded in classical liberalism. (Main article: Liberalism in Norway
  ).
•  
  Janusz Korwin-Mikke. It possesses two deputies in the European Parliament and also two MEPs in polish parliament. (Main article: Liberalism in Poland
  )
•  
  Portuguese Parliament in the electoral district of Lisbon, earning 67,681 votes in total, equivalent to 1.29% of the votes cast. (Main article: Liberalism in Portugal
  ).
•  Romania: the National Liberal Party (Romanian: Partidul Național Liberal, member of LI, ex-member of ALDE^[17] and current member of EPP), is a centre-right liberal party, formerly part of the governing Social Liberal Union (USL) political alliance and coalition from 2011 to 2014 and currently of the National Coalition for Romania (CNR) since November 2021 onwards. (Main article: Liberalism and radicalism in Romania).
•  
  Right Cause can be seen as a democratic conservative market party. The Liberal Democratic Party of Russia has been widely criticised for not being liberal, rather a nationalist, right-wing populist party. (Main article Liberalism in Russia
  ).
•  San Marino: the Popular Alliance (member EDP) is a centrist liberal party.
•  Serbia: the Movement of Free Citizens is the largest liberal parliamentary party, as of the 2022 Serbian general election. Previously, Enough is Enough, Liberal Democratic Party, Civic Alliance of Serbia, G17 Plus, New Democracy/Liberals of Serbia, and New Party were known proponents of liberalism in Serbia. (Main article: Liberalism in Serbia).
•  Slovakia: Freedom and Solidarity (Sloboda a Solidarita) is a right of centre market liberal party. Progressive Slovakia (Progresívne Slovensko) is a social liberal political party and a member of the ALDE. (Main article: Liberalism in Slovakia).
•  Slovenia: the largest liberal party is the List of Marjan Šarec, member of the ALDE, a centrist liberal party. The second largest is the Party of Alenka Bratušek (member ALDE), a liberal spin-off from centre-left Positive Slovenia that went a more social democratic direction. The third largest is the classical-liberal Civic List (member ALDE). Two minor extra-parliamentary liberal parties in Slovenia are the Liberal Democracy of Slovenia (Slovene: Liberalna demokracija Slovenije, former member of both LI and ALDE), a centrist liberal party, and Zares, a social-liberal party, and also a former ALDE member. (Main article: Liberalism in Slovenia).
•  
  libertarian point of view.^[18][19] On a regional level, the Canarian Coalition (Spanish: Coalición Canaria) and the Democratic Convergence of Catalonia (Catalan: Convergència Democràtica de Catalunya, member ALDE) are nationalist, half-liberal parties (Main articles: Canovism, Liberalism and radicalism in Spain
  ).
•  Sweden: The Liberals (Swedish: Liberalerna, member LI, ALDE) is a centre-right liberal party. The Centre Party (Swedish: Centerpartiet, member LI, ALDE) is a historically agrarian party that has gradually developed into a centre-right liberal party, since 2013 referring to themselves as such. (Main article: Liberalism and centrism in Sweden).
•  
  Liberalism and radicalism in Switzerland
  ).
•  Turkey: liberalism was never a strong force. There is no popular support for liberalism. Populism is the dominant rhetoric. Liberal Democratic Party (Turkish: Liberal Demokrat Parti), a classical liberal party, was founded in 1994. It received very few votes in every election it participated in. (Main article: Liberalism in Turkey).
•  
  Voice (member ALDE) was founded in 2019. The Liberal Party (Liberalna Partia, observer LI) is a small liberal party. A clear liberal party was the Our Ukraine–People's Self-Defense Bloc (Naša Ukrajina), which was dissolved in 2012. (Main article: Liberalism in Ukraine
  ).
•  
  United Kingdom: liberalism is now represented mainly by the Liberal Democrats (member LI and ALDE), formed in 1988 from a merger of the Liberal Party formed in 1859 and the Social Democratic Party formed in 1981. The Liberal Democrats, which has hundreds of Councillors and 11 Members of Parliament,^[20] were the junior party in a governing coalition with the Conservative Party in 2010–2015. The Liberal Party
  was re-founded in 1989 and has several councillors in Britain, but no parliamentary representation.
  •  Northern Ireland: the Alliance Party of Northern Ireland (member LI, ALDE) was formed in 1970 as a non-ideological cross-community party. (Main article Liberalism in the United Kingdom)

Oceania

Liberalism has a strong tradition in both

•  
  Liberal Democratic Party is a classical liberal and libertarian party. (Main article: Liberalism in Australia
  ).
•  Cook Islands: the liberal Democratic Party is one of the two major parties opposing the nationalist Cook Islands Party.
•  Fiji: the People's Alliance, FijiFirst and the Social Democratic Liberal Party (SODELPA) are all liberal parties. FijiFirst is centrist while the People's Alliance and SODELPA are centre-right.
•  
  Liberalism in New Zealand
  ).
•  
  Solomon Islands: the Solomon Islands Liberal Party
  considers itself a liberal party.

• Afghanistan: Liberal Democratic Party of Afghanistan
• Armenia:
  Armenian Democratic Liberal Party, Liberal Democratic Union of Armenia
• Austria:
  The Social Liberals
• Benin: Liberal Democrats' Rally for National Reconstruction – Vivoten (Rassemblement des libéraux démocrates pour la reconstruction nationale – Vivoten)
• Canada: Libertarian Party of Canada
• Cyprus Liberal Democratic Party [2] member of the Interlibertarians International
• Ecuador: Movement Forwards Ecuador (Moviminiento Fuerza Ecuador, observer LI)
• France: Pole of freedoms, the French liberal movement, Liberal Alternative
• Greece: The Liberals
• Guatemala:
  Reform Movement (observer LI), Liberal Party of Guatemala
• Guinea: Parti de l'Unité et du Libéralisme Social (member ALN)
• Haiti Liberal Party
• India: Lok Satta Party
• Iran: Liberal Democratic Party of Iran
• Italy: Federation of Liberals (observer LI), Italian Liberal Party
• Kosovo: Liberal Party of Kosovo (observer LI, member ALDE)
• Laos: Lao Liberal Democratic Party
• Mongolia: Mongolian Liberal Democratic Party
• Moldova: National Liberal Party
• Netherlands: Liberal Democratic Party, Splinter
• Netherlands Antilles: Democratic Party
• Norway:
  Liberal People's Party
• Peru: Liberty Movement, Liberal Party of Peru, Justice Party (member LI)
• Portugal: We, the Citizens!
• Spain:
  Mallorcan Union (member LI
  )
• Sri Lanka:
  Liberal Party of Sri Lanka (member LI and CALD
  )
• Turkey: Liberal Democratic Party (former member LI)
• United Kingdom: Liberal Party,
• United States:
  US Marijuana Party
• Uruguay: Liberal Party
• Venezuela:
  Civil Resistance, Democratic Liberal Movement, Rumbo Propio

• Lists of political parties

References