Liliopsida
Liliopsida ICBN).
Although in principle it is true that circumscription of this class will vary with the
monocots (a name for a clade
). Therefore, in practice the name Liliopsida will almost surely refer to the usage as in the Cronquist system.
In summary the monocotyledons were named:
- Monocotyledoneae in the de Candolle system and the Engler system.
- Monocotyledones in the Bentham & Hooker system and the Wettstein system
- class Liliatae[2] and later Liliopsida[3] in the Takhtajan
- class Liliopsida in the Cronquist system (also in the Reveal system).
- subclass Thorne system (1992)
- clade .
Each of the systems mentioned above use their own internal taxonomy for the group.
Liliopsida in the Takhtajan system
The Takhtajan system used this internal taxonomy:
- class Liliopsida [ = monocotyledons]
- subclass Liliidae
- superorder Lilianae
- superorder Dioscoreanae
- subclass Commelinidae
- superorder Bromelianae
- superorder Pontederianae
- superorder Zingiberanae
- superorder Commelinanae
- superorder Hydatellanae
- superorder Juncanae
- superorder Poanae
- superorder
- subclass Arecidae
- superorder Arecanae
- superorder
- subclass Alismatidae
- superorder Alismatanae
- superorder
- subclass Triurididae
- superorder Triuridanae
- superorder
- subclass Aridae'
- superorder Aranae
- superorder Cyclanthanae
- superorder Pandananae
- superorder Typhanae
- superorder
- subclass Liliidae
Liliopsida in the Cronquist system
The internal taxonomy in the Cronquist system is:
- class Liliopsida [ = monocotyledons]
- subclass Alismatidae
- order Cyclanthales
- order Arales
- subclass Commelinidae
- order Commelinales
- order Eriocaulales
- order Restionales
- order Juncales
- order Cyperales
- order Hydatellales
- order Typhales
- subclass Zingiberidae
- order Bromeliales
- order Zingiberales
- subclass Liliidae
- order Liliales
- order Orchidales
- subclass Alismatidae
Liliopsida in the Reveal system
The internal taxonomy in the Reveal system is:
- class 3. Liliopsida
- subclass 1. Alismatidae
- superorder 1. Butomanae
- superorder 2. Alismatanae
- subclass 2. Triurididae
- subclass 3. Aridae
- subclass 4. Liliidae
- subclass 5. Arecidae
- superorder 1. Arecanae
- superorder 1.
- subclass 6. Commelinidae
- superorder 1. Bromelianae
- superorder 2. Pontederianae
- superorder 3. Commelinanae
- superorder 4. Hydatellanae
- superorder 5. Typhanae
- superorder 6. Juncanae
- superorder 1.
- subclass 7. Zingiberidae
- superorder 1. Zingiberanae
- superorder 1.
- subclass 1. Alismatidae
References
Bibliography
- Clifford, H. T. (1977). Quantitative studies of inter-relationships amongst the Liliatae. pp. 77–96. in Kubitzki (1977)
- ISBN 978-0-05-001715-9. Retrieved 14 August 2015.
- S2CID 30764910.
- ISBN 978-1-4020-9609-9. Retrieved 7 January 2014.
- Singh, Gurcharan (2004). "Armen Takhtajan". Plant Systematics: An Integrated Approach. Science Publishers. pp. 269–277. ISBN 978-1-57808-351-0. Retrieved 23 January 2014.
- Takhtajan, Armen (1991). Evolutionary trends in flowering plants. New York: Columbia Univ. Press. ISBN 9780231073288.
- ISBN 9783211814345. Retrieved 13 August 2015.