Lira
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100 Italian lira (1979, FAO celebration) | |
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Obverse: Young woman with braid facing left and Repubblica Italiana (Republic of Italy) written in Italian.
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Reverse: Cow nursing calf, face value & date. FAO at bottom and Nutrire il Mondo (English: Feed the world) at top. |
Coin minted by Italy in 1970s to celebrate and promote the Food and Agriculture Organization. |
1 Turkish lira (2009) | |
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Obverse: Republic of Turkey )
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1 Italian lira (1863) | |
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Obverse: Victor Emmanuel II | Reverse: Coat of arms of the House of Savoy |
Lira is the name of several
Particularly this system was kept during the
During the 19th century, the
Lira sign
For the Turkish lira, the Turkish lira sign (U+20BA ₺ TURKISH LIRA SIGN) is used. The Lebanese lira uses £L (before numerals) or L.L. (after numerals) in Latin and ل.ل. in Arabic. The Syrian lira uses £S (before numerals) or L.S. (after numerals) in Latin and ل.س in Arabic.
The Italian lira had no official sign, but the abbreviations L. and Lit. and the symbols ₤ (two bars), £ (one bar) were all commonly used.
The Maltese lira used £M before 1986 and Lm thereafter (both as prefixes), though £M continued to be used in unofficial capacities.
The Unicode system allocated U+20A4 ₤ LIRA SIGN to the Lira, to provide compatibility with a legacy HP character set.[1] As with U+00A3 £ POUND SIGN, where the one-bar and the two-bar versions are treated as allographs and the choice between them is merely stylistic, no evidence has been found that either style predominated in Italy or anywhere else.
Current uses
Turkey
The
Lebanon and Syria
The Lebanese pound and Syrian pound are both called "lira" (ليرة) in Arabic, the national language of both Lebanon and Syria.
Historic use
Italy
The lira was the currency of Italy from its unification until it was merged into the euro in 1999.[2] A unit of currency lira had previously been used in some of the states and possessions that became Italy but their values were not necessarily equivalent. (See Luccan lira, Papal lira, Parman lira, Sardinian lira and Tuscan lira.)
Former currencies named lira
- Cypriot lira/pound 1879–2007; merged into the euro, 2008
- French livre 781–1794; became the French franc
- Israeli lira/pound 1948–1980; replaced by the old shekel in 1980.
- Italian lira 1861–2002; merged into the euro, 1999 (notes and coins from 2002)
- Italian East African lira 1938–1941; supplanted by the East African shilling
- Italian Somaliland lira 1925–1926; replaced by the Italian East African lira
- Luccan lira until 1800 and 1826–1847; merged into the Italian lira
- Maltese lira 1825–2007; merged into the euro, 2008
- Neapolitan lira 1812–1813; merged into the Italian lira
- Ottoman lira 1844–1923; became the Turkish lira
- Papal lira 1866–1870; became the Vatican lira at par with the Italian lira
- Parman lira before 1802 and 1815–1859; merged into the Italian lira
- Sammarinese lira 1860s–2002; merged into the euro
- Sardinian lira 1816–1861; merged into the Italian lira
- Tripolitanian lira 1943–1951; replaced by the Libyan pound
- Tuscan lira until 1807 and 1814–1826; merged into the Italian lira
- Vatican lira 1929–2002; merged into the euro
- Venetian lira 1472–1807; merged into the Italian lira
See also
- Pound (currency), the linguistic equivalent of the word "lira" in English.
- Lira sign, which varies by currency, as does its status
Further reading
- Carlo M. Cipolla, Le avventure della lira, Bologna, Il Mulino, 1975.
- Stefano Poddi, "La lunga storia della lira", stralcio, Fondazioni, n. 2 marzo-aprile, 2008. Roma.
- Stefano Poddi, "La lunga storia della lira", articolo completo, Difesa e Lavoro, settembre 2008.
References
- ^ "Chapter 22 Symbols" (PDF). The Unicode Standard |Version 8.0 – Core Specification. The Unicode Consortium.
Lira Sign: A separate currency sign U+20A4 lira sign is encoded for compatibility with the HP Roman-8 character set, which is still widely implemented in printers. In general, U+00A3 pound sign may be used for both the various currencies known as pound and the currencies known as lira. Examples include the pound unit in sterling, the historic Irish punt, and the former lira currency of Italy.
- ^ Browne, William Alfred (1872). The Merchants' Handbook (Second ed.). London: Edward Stanford. pp. 46–50.