List of Bermuda hurricanes

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Regional map showing the paths of nine tropical cyclones, all converging on Bermuda
Map depicting the paths of all landfalling tropical cyclones in the territory since 1851

The

Cape Hatteras, North Carolina.[1] The islands are situated far outside the main development region for Atlantic hurricanes,[2] but within the typical belt of recurving tropical cyclones.[3] Most storms form in the central Atlantic or western Caribbean Sea before approaching Bermuda from the southwest; storms forming north of 28°N are unlikely to impact the territory.[4]

According to the

Fay and Gonzalo struck Bermuda just days apart in October 2014, that season became the first to produce two landfalls. Two damaging storms impacted Bermuda in September 1899, but the center of the first narrowly missed the islands.[6] Tropical cyclones, and their antecedent or remnant weather systems, have affected the territory in all seasons, most frequently in the late summer months.[3] A study of recorded storms from 1609 to 1996 found that direct hits from hurricanes were most common in early September and late October, with an intervening relative lull creating two distinct 'seasons'.[7]

Hurricanes late in the year often receive

baroclinic enhancement while undergoing extratropical transition.[7] Bermuda is less likely to be impacted during years when the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and southeastern United States are favored targets.[3] Even in intense hurricanes, the islands tend to fare relatively well; ever since a cyclone in 1712 destroyed many wooden buildings, most structures have been built with stone walls and roofs, and are able to withstand severe winds. As a result, hurricane-related deaths have been uncommon since the early 18th century.[3] Ten storms have collectively caused 129 fatalities; 110 of them, or 85%, were the result of shipwrecks along the shore in Hurricane "Ten" of 1926. Hurricane Fabian in 2003 was the only system in the weather satellite
era to cause storm-related deaths.

In total, 200 storm events are listed, with widely varying degrees of damage. A hurricane in 1609 was responsible for the first permanent settlement in Bermuda: in late July, the

USD). Accounting for inflation and continued development, Fabian would have likely wrought around $650 million in damage had it struck in 2014.[8] The most recent tropical cyclone to affect the islands was Hurricane Lee in September 2023, though the most recent landfall was from Hurricane Paulette
in September 2020.

List of storms

1543–1799

  • Summer 1543 – A Portuguese ship becomes separated from her fleet and grounds on a reef just offshore. Given the time of year, a tropical cyclone may be responsible for the wreck. Thirty occupants survive on Bermuda for about 60 days, during which time they construct a seaworthy craft from the recovered timbers of their ship. The date 1543 and indistinct initials are carved on a rock in the modern-day Spittal Pond Nature Reserve.[9]
  • July 24, 1609 – A hurricane sets the stage for the British colonization of Bermuda when a ship bound for Jamestown, Virginia, is caught in the storm and forced to steer aground. When a fleet of Virginia Company ships tasked with resupplying the failing Jamestown colony encounters the hurricane, the flagship, Sea Venture, becomes separated from the other vessels and begins to take on water. The increasingly waterlogged Sea Venture battles the rough seas until July 28, when, just as the crew becomes resigned to their fate, Admiral Sir George Somers spots the uninhabited rocky shores of Bermuda. To prevent the ship from sinking, Somers deliberately drives her onto the reefs about a half mile off the eastern coast. Using the ship's longboat, all 150 settlers, as well as the crew, make it safely ashore.[10] The so-called "Isle of Devils" proves far more hospitable than initially feared, with abundant food and resources. Two new ships, the Deliverance and the Patience, are constructed, and nearly all of the Sea Venture's original occupants set sail for Jamestown. The Virginia Company administers the islands until the formation of the Somers Isles Company in 1615.[11] The tale of the Sea Venture inspired William Shakespeare to write The Tempest, and the coat of arms of Bermuda features a prominent representation of the shipwreck.[10]
  • July (?) 1612 – A hurricane destroys a recently constructed church.[12]
  • September 1615 – A severe hurricane strikes Bermuda [13]
  • November 1619 – Two hurricanes strike Bermuda during the month, sinking at least one ship, the Warwick, uprooting large trees, ruining the entire winter corn crop, and destroying a wooden watchtower constructed seven years earlier.[3][14] The rapid succession of two hurricanes leaves the colony with a severe food shortage.[15]
  • 1620 – A hurricane flattens hastily built shacks, while two fishermen are lost at sea.[15]
  • September 13, 1621 – The arrival of a supply ship into port is delayed by stormy conditions; by the time the vessel wrecks along the coast, some of her passengers have died of a rampant illness.[16]
  • August 16, 1629 – The most damaging hurricane thus far in the colony's history destroys crops, several forts, a prison, and the rebuilt watchtower.[3]
  • October 20, 1639 – Two Spanish ships ground out in a hurricane; the occupants are brought ashore, and charged monthly accommodation fees until their departure the following February. The sailors claim that the Governor had prevented them from leaving the colony except by means of purchasing their own ship.[17]
  • October 16, 1664 – A British ship blows aground in the midst of a storm.[18]
  • August 24, 1669 – One ship is wrecked by a hurricane along the shore of Castle Island, with five men lost, and another capsizes roughly 20 mi (32 km) off Ireland Island.[19]
  • 1686 – Hurricane season leaves the Government House in a state of disrepair.[19]

1700–1799

  • September 8, 1712 – A severe hurricane buffets Bermuda for eight hours, destroying most of the churches. The storm highlights the necessity of ongoing efforts to shift from wood construction to stone.[20]
  • 1713 – By November, the effects of two hurricanes are evident, though the collective impact is less severe than that of the 1712 hurricane.[20]
  • 1715 – A disastrous hurricane destroys the rest of the wooden churches left standing after the 1712 hurricane.[20]
  • 1726 – A season of stormy weather includes two hurricane strikes in rapid succession. Private and public buildings alike are damaged by the hurricanes, and the persistent bad weather leads to a stream of stricken ships entering St. George's Harbour for repairs. Without the support of the Somers Isles Company, which was dissolved in 1684, impoverished colonists grow disillusioned; they are often unable to repair storm-related damage, the crops in 1726 are a complete loss, and the small supply of gunpowder is compromised.[21]
  • 1728 – The newly appointed
    John Pitt, arrives to find the island in distress from a recent hurricane impact. The official residence requires repair once more.[22]
  • October 18, 1780 – After emerging from the Lesser Antilles, where it establishes itself as the deadliest Atlantic hurricane on record, the Great Hurricane of 1780 devastates Bermuda,[3] likely passing southeast of the islands.[23] Some fifty ships are driven ashore with the storm surge, and vast swaths of trees are uprooted; the town of St. George's is left with a "completely denuded air." Many homes are demolished. Famine and a smallpox epidemic take hold in the aftermath of the hurricane.[24]
  • September 1786 – Houses are damaged and trees are uprooted by a hurricane, and the cotton crop is largely destroyed.[25]
  • October 23, 1793 – A violent hurricane passes near the islands, causing "inconceivable" damage to homes and public buildings, many of them being totally destroyed. The storm topples several thousand trees and wreaks havoc on shipping; every vessel in St. George's Harbour is blown ashore, many ships being wrecked or heavily damaged, and numerous wharves are lost. Most of the 40 or so fish ponds along the north shore of St. David's Island, with a cumulative capacity of about 5,000 fish, are destroyed.[26]

1800–1849

  • September 9–10, 1800 – The sloop John founders amid rough seas from a tropical storm or hurricane; her entire crew is rescued.[27] Bermuda is subjected to a period of gales but suffers no damage.[3]
  • November 4–5, 1800 – A hurricane brings strong winds to the islands, "destroying every shrub in its direction."[27] Damage to trees and crops is substantial, and multiple vessels are driven ashore. This hurricane prompts a change in attitude toward the need for a lighthouse in Bermuda, and the establishment of a Marine Society is sought to aid families of sailors lost along the rocky coasts.[27]
  • August 4–5, 1813 – Prior to this storm, St. George's Harbour becomes congested with numerous warships and detained merchant ships due to a war between Great Britain and the United States. Squally conditions on August 4 worsen throughout the night, and by early the following morning, winds roar at 90 mph (140 km/h), tearing roofs from homes and ships from their moorings. There are violent collisions between vessels in the crowded harbour;[28] nearly every ship is driven ashore or wrecked. Untold quantities of cargo are lost, with little to salvage. Despite the damage, only one life is lost, aboard the ketch General Doyle. In the storm's wake, construction begins on a new breakwater.[28]
  • October 15–19, 1814 – A hurricane strikes the islands "head-on", with persistent gale-force winds. Roads are clogged with debris and some homes are flooded, though damage is generally minor.[3][29]
  • 1815 – A slow-moving hurricane on an unspecified date batters the islands, altering the configuration of the coastline.[30]
  • August 1818 – A hurricane unroofs the Town Hall building on Front Street in the City of Hamilton.[31]
  • September 19, 1828 – A hurricane to the northwest produces gale-force winds.[3]
  • June 6–7, 1832 – The center of a tropical cyclone passes over or very close to the islands.[3] Two schooners in St. George's Harbour are blown aground, and several houses are partially or totally unroofed. Tree damage is extensive.[32]
  • September 11–12, 1839 – One of the worst storms in Bermuda's history strikes the islands from the south with an exceptional 11 ft (3.4 m) storm surge.[3][33] Boats along the southern shore are carried ashore and deposited in fields,[34] while various species of fish are seen hundreds of yards inland.[35] Hurricane-force winds uproot many thousands of trees and level numerous homes; few structures escape damage. Roadways are left impassable by debris from trees, walls, and fences. Many families are left homeless, some forced to abandon their homes in the middle of the night and endure the storm in the open. Sea spray renders nearly all residential wells brackish. Despite the destruction, no lives are reported lost.[36] The storm is typically known as Reid's Hurricane, after the newly appointed Bermuda Governor William Reid who studied and documented Atlantic hurricanes with great interest.[37]
  • October 21, 1841 – Hurricane-force winds from a nearby cyclone destroy a couple houses and damage several more, as well as destroying trees and food crops. Potato plants are left "as black and withered as if destroyed by a severe frost."[38]
  • October 8–9, 1842 – Winds increase to Force 9 as a hurricane passes to the north.[39]
  • August 18, 1843 – A distant hurricane is felt in the form of gusty winds.[3]
  • October 27, 1845 – The islands experience gale-force winds from a tropical cyclone to the east.[40]
  • September 17–18, 1846 – Squally weather and pounding surf indicate the passage of a hurricane to the south and west. Aside from damage to trees, no major destruction is reported.[41]
  • October 15, 1848 – Violent winds and tides 3 to 4 feet (0.91 to 1.22 m) from a nearby hurricane batter the islands. Many wharves are submerged or entirely washed away, while stone walls and part of a breakwater collapse from the force of the surge. Roadways and homes in Flatts Village are also flooded.[42]

1850–1899

A large, U-shaped vessel, on the high seas, being towed by a sailing ship.
The floating dry dock Bermuda, heavily damaged in an August 1878 hurricane, is depicted being towed to Bermuda in 1869

1900s

1910s

Map showing the path and intensity of the September 1915 hurricane
Track of the September 1915 major hurricane that buffeted Bermuda for several days

1920s

  • September 15, 1921 – A high-end
    Category 2 hurricane inflicts severe damage on trees, public utilities, and small boats while striking the island. Many buildings – including several hotels – suffer damage, mostly of a minor nature.[82] Wind gusts as high as 120 mph (190 km/h) are recorded at Prospect Hill before the anemometer is toppled.[68][82] Water wells become contaminated by the sea spray.[82]
  • September 21, 1922 – Bermuda is struck by a
    Category 3 hurricane and associated 8-foot (2.4 m) storm surge, resulting in the highest tide since 1899; an hour-long lull attends the passage of the eye.[83] The hurricane submerges homes, roads, wharves, and other coastal installations, while 60 ft (18 m) waves break along the south shore. Winds reaching 120 mph (190 km/h) ravage vegetation, particularly banana trees. Heavy structural damage is also reported throughout the territory, and a number of small houses on White's Island are blown into the water.[84] Total damage is estimated at $250,000,[85] and one fatality occurs when a sailor falls overboard at the Dockyard.[84]
Sketch of an imperiled sloop cresting over a large wave in stormy weather
Artist's impression of the sinking of the Valerian at Bermuda in October 1926
  • September 23, 1923 – A major hurricane to the northwest brings winds of 62 mph (100 km/h) with gusts to 90 mph (140 km/h).[3] Parts of St. George's are inundated with seawater, and cottages on St. David's Island are damaged. The storm brings down trees, tree branches, and powerlines.[86]
  • August 6, 1926 – A
    Category 2 hurricane tracks about 80 mi (130 km) to the west, causing winds to increase to 54 mph (87 km/h).[68] A few small boats in harbour are swamped.[87]
  • October 22, 1926 – A
    Hurricane Five of 1899 for the strongest recorded storm to strike the territory.[68] The second half of the cyclone is the more violent; sustained winds of 114 mph (183 km/h) are measured at Prospect Camp before the British Army removes the anemometer to protect it from damage. Conditions at the Royal Naval Dockyard prevent its personnel from taking its anemometer down; it measures 138 mph (222 km/h) at 13:00 UTC, before the wind destroys it.[88] Gusts over 100 mph (200 km/h) are recorded in the City of Hamilton.[3][68] Damage is widespread but not extreme; although 40% of Bermuda's houses sustain roof damage, only two are destroyed.[89] The storm destroys banana plantations and fields of other crops.[90] The Arabis-class warship Valerian sinks less than 5 mi (8 km) from HM Dockyard with 88 men lost and 21 survivors. Another ship, the cargo steamer SS Eastway, is lost near Bermuda along with 22 of her 35 crew members.[91][92]

1930s

1940s

Refer to caption
Surface weather analysis of the September 1948 hurricane on its approach to Bermuda
  • October 20, 1947 – A
    Category 3 hurricane reaches its peak intensity about 60 mi (100 km) to the west, producing damaging winds in excess of 100 mph (160 km/h).[94] The hurricane cuts electric and telephone services, and numerous boats are sunk, including a ferry outside Hamilton Harbour. Homes are unroofed and trees are blown down, while ten people are slightly injured.[95][96] Preliminary estimates place damage at $1 million.[96] In the aftermath of the storm, a lineman is killed after falling from a pole during service restoration efforts.[97]
  • September 13, 1948 – A Category 3 hurricane passes roughly 50 mi (80 km) to the west, battering Bermuda with 80 to 100 mph (130 to 160 km/h) winds and gusts to 135 mph (217 km/h). Roadways are clogged with various debris, and St. George's is cut off from the mainland.[3][98] Meanwhile, some buildings are deroofed. Rainfall totaling nearly 5 in (130 mm) triggers street flooding.[99]
  • October 7, 1948 – The territory encounters a direct hit from a Category 2 hurricane, with gusts measured at 110 mph (180 km/h).[3][100] The storm uproots thousands of trees and leaves the entire territory without power.[101] Many buildings suffered roof or wall damage; total losses are estimated at $1 million.[100][102]
  • September 8, 1949 – A
    Category 3 hurricane passes about 60 mi (100 km) to the west, though winds in Bermuda remain below hurricane-force.[103] A few tree limbs are broken.[104]

1950s

1960s

  • October 7, 1961 – Category 3
    Hurricane Frances passes about 100 mi (160 km) to the northwest, with its effects limited to rough seas and light rainfall.[3]
  • October 6, 1962 – Hurricane Daisy to the west results in wind gusts to 66 mph (106 km/h) and heavy surf.[3]
  • August 9, 1963 – Category 1 Hurricane Arlene makes landfall and produces torrential rain totaling 6.05 in (154 mm).[111] Gusts to 98 mph (158 km/h) cause extensive tree damage, enabled by a dearth of recent storms,[3][112] and further foliage is killed by the sea spray. Heavy losses are reported to citrus and avocado crops.[113] Arlene destroys homes and watercraft, and a yacht club in Devonshire Parish is "wiped out in its entirety including every boat."[114] Property damage is estimated at $300,000.[112]
  • August 8, 1964 –
    Tropical Storm Brenda makes landfall, spawning a tornado that damages several airplanes. A 92 mph (148 km/h) wind gust recorded by an elevated anemometer is attributed to the tornado.[115]
Hurricane Inga
, one of the longest-lived Atlantic tropical cyclones on record, brushed the territory in October 1969

1970s

1980s

1990s

  • July 30, 1990 – Hurricane Bertha passes to the northwest, producing wind gusts to 45 mph (70 km/h).[147]
Visible satellite image of Hurricane Grace
Hurricane Grace near Bermuda in October 1991

2000–2005

Enhanced infrared satellite image of the subtropical storm Karen
Subtropical Storm Karen near Bermuda in October 2001
  • September 16, 2000 – Hurricane Florence passes about 80 mi (130 km) to the northwest, with tropical storm-force winds and light rain.[165]
  • October 15, 2000 – The precursor disturbance to Hurricane Michael drops several inches of rain.[166]
  • August 25, 2001 – The remnants of Tropical Storm Dean induce inclement weather.[167]
  • September 10, 2001 – Gusty winds from Hurricane Erin to the northeast damage trees and powerlines.[168]
  • September 17, 2001 – Hurricane Gabrielle passes to the northwest, attended by showers and thunderstorms.[169]
  • September 23, 2001 – Hurricane Humberto passes to the west, producing 43 mph (69 km/h) wind gusts and 1.69 in (43 mm) of rain.[170]
  • October 11, 2001 – Subtropical Storm Karen strengthens near Bermuda, resulting in damaging wind gusts as high as 100 mph (161 km/h); a ship at harbour reports a much higher gust, possibly the result of localised convection. The storm system destroys numerous boats and leaves some 23,000 households without power,[171] accounting for more than two-thirds of electric customers.[141]
  • November 7, 2001 – The combination of Hurricane Michelle's extratropical remnants and a developing non-tropical low bring rainy and blustery weather.[172]
  • November 26 – December 3, 2001 – The tight pressure gradient between distant Hurricane Olga to the east and high pressure to the northwest generates a prolonged period of winds near or above gale force.[172] As Olga moves slowly and erratically southwestward, the effects of its outer reaches include 2.2 in (56 mm) of rain on December 3 and 15 to 22 ft (4.6 to 6.7 m) swells.[173][174]
  • August 9, 2002 – The remnants of Tropical Storm Cristobal interact with a cold front to produce squally conditions.[175]
  • September 7–9, 2002 – Subtropical Storm Gustav develops to the southwest, delivering persistent clouds and showers.[176]
  • October 1–2, 2002 – As Tropical Storm Kyle slowly passes to the south, its outer bands drop half of Bermuda's monthly precipitation total for October.[177]
  • April 18–21, 2003 – Subtropical Storm Ana develops west of Bermuda before slowly looping around to the south as a fully tropical cyclone. The island experiences gusty winds and heavy showers.[178]
Bermuda International Airport washed out by Hurricane Fabian
in September 2003

2006–2010

  • September 11, 2006 – Category 1 Hurricane Florence passes about 60 mi (97 km) to the northwest and bears damaging winds, gusting to 90 mph (140 km/h) at the airport.[189] The winds bring down trees and powerlines, leaving 25,000 households without power, and damage about ten buildings.[3][190] A small tornado is reported in Southampton Parish within one of the hurricane's outer bands. Overall damage amounts to $200,000.[3]
  • November 2–3, 2007 – As Hurricane Noel far to the west transitions into a large extratropical cyclone, Bermuda experiences rough seas and gale-force winds.[191]
  • July 14, 2008 – Tropical Storm Bertha passes about 45 mi (72 km) to the east; tropical storm-force winds, gusting as fast as 91 mph (146 km/h) at elevated stations, damage tree limbs and powerlines. Bertha drops about 5 in (130 mm) of rain, which leads to minor street flooding.[3]
  • September 27–28, 2008 – Tropical Storm Kyle to the west intensifies into a hurricane, brushing the island with gusty winds and heavy showers.[3]
  • August 21, 2009 – Hurricane Bill passes to the west, causing squally conditions and high swells that reach 35 ft (11 m) just outside the reefs. The storm unmoors several boats, erodes beaches, and briefly cuts power to a few thousand customers.[3][192]
Sea spray fills the air amid high waves breaking on rocky coastline
Rough seas from Hurricane Igor in September 2010
  • August 7–8, 2010 – Tropical Storm Colin approaches from the south with building seas, but dissipates before reaching the island. The dissipating system produces squally conditions.[193]
  • September 4, 2010 – The island experiences inclement weather from the remnants of
    Tropical Storm Fiona.[3]
  • September 19–20, 2010 – As Category 1 Hurricane Igor passes about 40 mi (65 km) to the west, the airport records ten-minute sustained winds of 68 mph (109 km/h) with gusts to 93 mph (150 km/h); gusts over 115 mph (185 km/h) are measured at elevated stations. Igor also produces 3.19 in (81 mm) of rain and a minor storm surge.[194] Igor causes less destruction than feared, leading to only minor structural damage and coastal flooding, but still cuts power to nearly 29,000 households.[195] The storm causes an estimated $500,000 in damage.[194]
  • October 29, 2010 – Category 1 Hurricane Shary, an unusually small storm, passes 80 mi (130 km) to the southeast with no major effects.[3]

2011–2015

Hurricane Fay
in October 2014
  • October 12, 2014 – Category 1
    Hurricane Fay makes landfall in Bermuda, causing an unexpectedly great degree of damage. Wind gusts over 100 mph (160 km/h) clog roadways with downed trees and utility poles, and leave most electric customers without power. Along the coast, Fay damages or destroys numerous boats and inundates streets.[207] The terminal building at the airport suffers extensive flooding after the powerful winds compromise its roof and sprinkler system.[208] Insured losses from Fay likely total "tens of millions of dollars."[209]
  • October 17–18, 2014 – While cleanup and repairs from Fay are still underway, Category 2 Hurricane Gonzalo makes landfall on the southwestern coast, severely compounding the damage.[6] The territory experiences up to 12 hours of hurricane-force winds, peaking at 144 mph (232 km/h) at St. David's Island, Bermuda; consequently, widespread roof and structural damage is reported.[209] At the height of the storm, about 31,000 out of 36,000 electricity customers are without power, including 1,500 residual outages from Fay.[210] The hurricane destroys many boats and inflicts minor damage on Causeway, limiting traffic to one lane for several days.[209] Trees and utility poles once again leave "barely a road passable" across the island,[211] and the Bermuda Weather Service building endures wind and water damage. The most significant storm to affect Bermuda since Fabian in 2003, Gonzalo is generally less destructive, and causes no deaths or major injuries.[209] Insured losses are estimated at between $200 and $400 million.[6]
  • October 4–5, 2015 – Category 1
    Bermuda Maritime Museum is partially unroofed,[214] and about 15,000 households lose electricity,[215] but damage is generally inconsequential.[216]

2016–2020

  • January 8, 2016 – The extratropical cyclone that would later become Hurricane Alex generates rough seas and 60 mph (100 km/h) wind gusts. Along with sporadic power outages, air travel and ferry services are interrupted.[217]
  • September 24, 2016 –
    Tropical Storm Karl passes about 50 mi (80 km) to the southeast. Heavy rainfall, totaling 4.71 in (120 mm), contributes to Bermuda's wettest September on record,[3][218] while tropical storm-force winds cut power to about 800 electric customers.[219]
  • October 13, 2016 – The eye of Category 3 Hurricane Nicole passes over the islands, though the exact center remains just offshore. Gusts as high as 128 mph (205 km/h) blow down trees and power lines and cut power to nearly 90% of the territory.[220] Dozens of boats are damaged or destroyed, and fields of crops are lost, but property damage is milder than anticipated.[221][222] The hurricane drops 6.77 in (172 mm) of rain, becoming one of the wettest recorded tropical cyclones to impact Bermuda. Total damage is estimated at $15 million.[220]
  • August 3–4, 2017 – Showers and thunderstorms accompany the extratropical remnants of Tropical Storm Emily as they sweep over the islands.[223]
Satellite loop of Hurricane Paulette making landfall in Bermuda on September 14, 2020
  • September 18–19, 2017 – The outer bands of slow-moving Hurricane Jose bring gusts as high as 46 mph (74 km/h) and nearly 2.5 in (64 mm) of rain, as well as a prolonged period of large swells.[224][225]
  • July 9, 2018 – Moderate showers signal the arrival of atmospheric instability and moisture from Tropical Storm Chris to the southwest.[226]
  • July 13, 2018 – The extratropical remnants of Hurricane Beryl, passing between Bermuda and the United States, give rise to light rain and gusty winds.[226] On the next day, the disturbance regenerates into a subtropical cyclone while centered 290 mi (470 km) north of the islands.[227]
  • September 18, 2019 – Bermuda enters the southern eyewall of Category 3 Hurricane Humberto,[228] centered about 65 mi (105 km) northwest at its closest approach. Sustained winds of up to 110 mph (175 km/h) with higher gusts hit northern and western areas the hardest,[229] damaging the roofs of as many as 600 buildings.[228][230] Nearly 28,000 electric customers lose power, many roads are left impassable,[3] and farmers report severe losses to fruit and vegetable crops.[231] On the Bermuda Weather Service campus, a GOES-16 satellite receiving dish and weather balloon launching platform are destroyed, and weather radar service is cut near the height of the storm.[228] Overall damage is estimated at $25 million.[229] Humberto causes no deaths or serious injuries.[228]
  • September 24–25, 2019 – Around 1 in (25 mm) of rain falls in advance of
    Hurricane Jerry's dwindling remnant low, which ultimately passes directly over the islands.[232]
  • September 29 – October 1, 2019 – Clouds and light rain associated with Tropical Storm Karen linger for several days. Meanwhile, Horseshoe Bay is closed to swimmers because of dangerous swells from the distant but powerful Hurricane Lorenzo.[233][234]
  • July 4–5, 2020 – Moderate rainfall and some thunderstorms with tropical-storm force wind gusts occur as Tropical Depression Five (later
    Tropical Storm Edouard) passes 70 mi (115 km) north of the islands.[235][236][237]
  • September 14–15, 2020 – Hurricane Paulette makes landfall near Tucker's Town as a Category 2 hurricane, bringing heavy wind, rain, and storm surge. Gusts as high as 117 mph (189 km/h) produce 25,000 power outages. Paulettes causes about $50 million in damage,[238] and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic hampers relief efforts.[239]
  • September 21, 2020 – Category 1 Hurricane Teddy causes high waves, storm surge, and significant beach erosion as it passes far offshore.[3][240]

2021–present

  • September 9, 2021 – Gusty winds and a small storm surge attend the passage of Hurricane Larry to the east.[241]
  • October 1–2, 2021 – Hurricane Sam passes about 210 mi (340 km) to the southeast at Category 4 intensity, becoming one of the strongest tropical cyclones to approach the territory.[242] Effects are limited to blustery winds and high seas.[243]
  • June 6, 2022 – Tropical Storm Alex, transitioning into extratropical cyclone about 105 mi (169 km) to the northwest, brushes Bermuda with rain showers and gusty winds; around 1,000 power outages are reported.[244] One person is hospitalized with an injury sustained during storm cleanup.[245]
  • September 9, 2022 – The islands experience tropical storm-force winds and scattered power outages when Hurricane Earl passes 90 mi (140 km) to the east.[246][247]
  • September 23, 2022 – Hurricane Fiona, a large and powerful Category 4 system, passes 115 mi (185 km) northwest in the early morning hours. Peak wind gusts reach 93 mph (150 km/h) at L.F. Wade International Airport and 110 mph (177 km/h) at the elevated Maritime Operations Centre. Around 29,000 homes lose power as trees and power lines are blown down, but structural damage is minor. Multiple boats are grounded or sunk.[248][245]
  • September 2, 2023 – Centered 40 mi (65 km) to the south at its closest approach, Post-Tropical Cyclone Idalia produces tropical storm-force winds, reaching 56 mph (91 km/h) in gusts.[249] Some power outages are reported.[250]
  • September 14, 2023 – The outer bands of large Hurricane Lee to the west bring wind gusts reaching 83 mph (133 km/h) at the Royal Naval Dockyard.[249] The storm disrupts public transport services and cuts power to 11,300 customers.[251]

Monthly statistics

Number of recorded storms affecting Bermuda
Month Number of storms
January
1
February
0
March
0
April
1
May
0
June
4
July
13
August
30
September
82
October
54
November
9
December
0
Unspecified
7

Landfalls

Recorded tropical cyclone landfalls in Bermuda
Name Date Year
SSHWS Category
Sustained winds
Unnamed
October 14 1814 Unknown Unknown
Unnamed
June 6 1832 Unknown Unknown
Reid's Hurricane
September 11 1839 Unknown Unknown
"Five"
September 13 1899 Category 3 hurricane 120 mph (195 km/h)
"Two"
September 21 1922 Category 3 hurricane 115 mph (185 km/h)
"Ten" October 22 1926 Category 3 hurricane 120 mph (195 km/h)
Dolly
September 12 1953 Tropical Storm 65 mph (105 km/h)
Arlene August 9 1963 Category 2 hurricane 110 mph (175 km/h)
Brenda
August 8 1964 Tropical Storm 50 mph (80 km/h)
Evelyn
October 14 1977 Tropical Storm 40 mph (65 km/h)
Emily September 25 1987 Category 1 hurricane 85 mph (135 km/h)
Fay
October 12 2014 Category 1 hurricane 80 mph (130 km/h)
Gonzalo October 18 2014 Category 2 hurricane 110 mph (175 km/h)
Paulette September 14 2020 Category 2 hurricane 100 mph (160 km/h)

Deadly storms

Hurricanes causing known deaths in Bermuda
Name Year Deaths Notes
"Ten" 1926 110 All deaths from shipwrecks
Unnamed 1669 5 All deaths from a shipwreck
Fabian 2003 4
Unnamed 1620 2
"
Six
"
1903 2
"
Four
"
1906 2
Unnamed
1813
1
"
Three
"
1915 1
"
Two
"
1922 1
"
Ten
"
1947 1 Indirect fatality

See also

References

Citations
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General

External links