A
- Maria Abashova, ballet dancer
- Roman Abraham, general of the Polish army
- Pavlo Arie, screenwriter and playwright
- Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz, logician and philosopher
- Spirydion Albański, football goalkeeper of the Poland National Team
- Zofia Albinowska-Minkiewiczowa, painter
Stanislaw Albinowski , economist, columnist and journalist- Bohdan Ihor Antonych, poet
- Stefan Askenase (1896–1985), pianist
- Szymon Askenazy, historian and politician, founder of the Lwów-Warsaw historical school
- Muhammad Asad, translator of Quran into English (born in Lemberg as Leopold Weiss)
- Herman Auerbach, mathematician
- Emanuel Ax, American pianist
- Teodor Axentowicz, painter
- Erwin Axer, actor and theatre professor
B
Lwów University (1895–1896), founder of the Society for Support of Polish Science in Lwów (Tow. dla Popierania Nauki Pol. we Lwowie), the first scientific organisation in the city- Stefan Banach, mathematician
- Yuri Bashmet, viola soloist
- Kazimierz Bartel, mathematician and politician, prime minister of Poland (1926–1930)
- Adolf Beck (1863–1942), physiologist
- Joseph Beer (1908–1987), composer
- Alexander Beliavsky, chess grandmaster
- Józef Bem, Polish and Hungarian national hero
- Saint Józef Bilczewski, Archbishop of Lviv and a Catholic saint
- Szymon Okolski (1580–1653), a historian, specialist in heraldry, provincial of the Dominican Order
- Fabian Birkowski, writer, preacher
- Wojciech Bobowski (1610–1675), dragoman and musician in the Ottoman Empire, translated the Bible into Ottoman Turkish
- Wojciech Bogusławski, composer
Home Army - Mieczysław Boruta-Spiechowicz, general of the Polish army
- Naftali Botwin, political militant and labor activist
- Michał Boym (ca. 1612–1659), Jesuit missionary in China, known for his travels and writings
- Heinrich Gottfried von Bretschneider, German satirical writer
- Julia Brystiger, political militant, member of the security apparatus of the Polish People's Republic
- Jan Brzoza, writer, publicist
- Martin Buber, philosopher
Solomon Buber , banker and philosopher
C
D
E
F
G
- Mieczysław Gębarowicz, scientist and art historian, director of the Ossolineum Institute during World War II
- Eugeniusz Geppert, painter
- Franciszek Ksawery Godebski, director of the Ossolineum and father to Cyprian Godebski, renowned sculptor
- Julian Godlewski, businessman and philanthropist
- Maksymilian Goldstein, a pre-war Judaica collector, director of the Lviv Jewish Museum, and owner of a privately-maintained museum
Georgiy R. Gongadze , journalist kidnapped and murdered in 2000- Zygmunt Gorgolewski, architect, constructor of the Grand Theatre in Lwów (currently the Lviv Theatre of Opera and Ballet)
- Kazimierz Górski, football coach
- Uri Zvi Greenberg, poet
- Artur Grottger, late romanticist painter
H
I
K
L
M
N
Joseph Saul Nathanson , leading rabbinical authority of the 19th century- Joanna Nittenberg, journalist
O
P
R
S
- Leopold von Sacher-Masoch, journalist and BDSM writer whose surname originated the term "masochism"
- Henryk Samsonowicz, historian
- Iryna Senyk (1926-2009), poet, nurse, political dissident
- Filip Schleicher (1870-1932), Polish-Jewish lawyer, deputy mayor from 1913 to 1927
- Larisa Shepitko, Soviet film director.
- Andrey Sheptytsky, head of the Ukrainian Church through both the world wars
- Roman Shukhevych, general of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army
- Iva Sidash, Ukrainian street and documentary photographer
- Adam Mikołaj Sieniawski, hetman
- Stanisław Skrowaczewski, composer
- Myroslav Skoryk, composer, Hero of Ukraine
- Natalka Sniadanko, Ukrainian writer, journalist, translator
- Wacław Sobieski, historian
- Leopold Staff, poet
- Hugo Steinhaus, mathematician
- Zygmunt Steuermann (1899–1941), Polish football player
- Julian Stryjkowski, writer
- Roman Svintsitskyi (born 1981), former Ukrainian professional footballer
- Jan Szeliga ( ? — 1636), wandering book printer
- Moritz Szeps, journalist
- Wacław Szybalski, medical researcher
T
U
Stanisław Marcin Ulam , mathematician- Adam Ulam, historian
V
W
Y
Z
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