List of ancient Daco-Thracian peoples and tribes

Dacians mixed with other peoples

Daco-Celts

• Anarti (Dacianized Celtic tribe, Celtic origin tribe later assimilated by the Dacians)^[1]
• Teurisci^[1]

Daco-Scythians

• Napoca is possibly named^[13]

Moesians / Moesi / Mysi

• Artacii / Artakioi^{[14][failed verification]}
• Aureliani
• Picenses - They lived south of the Danube Iron Gates (see Map 5).
• Triballi^[15]

Thracians

• Paeonian)^[19]
• Apsynthii^[20]
• Astae / Asti,^[21][22]
  they appear in the 2nd century BC to 1st century BC
• Beni^[23]
• Julius Capitolinus"^[2]
• Bisaltae^[25]
• Bistones^[26]
• Asia Minor or Anatolia
• Brenae^[27]
• Kainoi^[21]
• Cebrenii^[28]
• Kikones),^[26] mentioned by Homer in Odyssey
• Coelaletae^[29]
• Coreli / Coralli^[21]
• Corpili / Corpillices^[27]
• Crousi^[30]
• Dersaei^[26]
• Dentheletae^[31]
• Paeonian)^[19]
• Digeri^[32]
• Dii / Dioi^[33]
• Diobesi^[33]
• Dolonci^[34]
• Edones^[26]
• Maduateni^[21]
• Maedi^[35]
  • Asia Minor or Anatolia
• Melanditae^[37]
• Melinophagi^[38]
• Nipsaei^[39]
• Paeonian
  )
• Odrysians^[41]
• Paeti^[26]
• Mygdones
  , and not a Thracian tribe)
• Thassos island before Phoenician and Greek
  colonization.
• Samothraci / Samothrakoi - Thracian tribe that lived in the island of Samothrace after the Pelasgians and before the Greeks that came from Samos island.
• Odrysians
• Satri^[44]
• Scyrmiadae^[39]
• Sintians^[45]
• Sithones^[46]
• Sycaeboae^[28]
• Asia Minor/Anatolia
• Tilataei^[47]
• Tralles^[48][49]
• Tranipsae^[37]
• Trausi^[50]
• Treres^[51]

Thraco-Celts

• Tricornenses / Tricornesii (Romanized Thraco-Celtic community, artificially created by the Romans, that replaced the Celtic Celegeri)^[52]

Thraco-Phrygians

Mixed tribes of Thracians and Phrygians, however Phrygians seem to have been a people ethnolinguistically closer to the Hellenic peoples, Greeks and ancient Macedonians, and not to the Thracians.

• Mygdones
• Mygdones
  , and not a Thracian tribe)

Possible Daco-Thracian peoples

Paeonians (Paeones)

There are different views and still no agreement among scholars about the

• Thracian
  )
• Almopians^[54] (also Almopioi)
• Thracian
  )
• Doberes^[56]
• Laeaeans^[19] (also Laeaei and Laiai)
• Thracian)^[58]
• Paeoplae^[59]
• Siropaiones^[60]

Phrygians

Some scholars as Strabo believe that the Phrygians are Thracian tribe.^[61]

Cimmerians

• Indo-Iranian peoples and Thracians and Dacians
  .

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See also

• Cimmerians
• Dacians
• Getae
• Moesians
• Paeonians
• Prygians
• Scythians
• Thracians
• List of ancient tribes in Thrace and Dacia

References

1. ^
   ISBN 0-415-41252-8
   , 2007, page 46
2. ^ ^{a b c d} Gudmund, Schutte (1917). Ptolemy's maps of northern Europe, a reconstruction of the prototypes by Gudmund Schutte.
3. ^ E.g., Romanian History and Culture
4. ^ E.g., Smith, s.v. Osi
5. ^ E.g., Celtic Encyclopedia
6. ^ Getae, Britannica Online," an ancient people of Thracian origin, inhabiting the banks of the lower Danube region and nearby plains. First appearing in the 6th century bc, the Getae were subjected to Scythian influence and were known as expert mounted archers and devotees of the deity Zalmoxis. Although the daughter of their king became the wife of Philip II of Macedon in 342 BC, the Macedonians under Philip II’s son Alexander crossed the Danube and burned the Getic capital seven years later. Getic technology was influenced by that of the invading Celts in the 4th and 3rd centuries bc. Under Burebistas (fl. 1st century BC), the Getae and nearby Dacians formed a powerful but short-lived state. By the middle of the following century, when the Romans had gained control over the lower Danube region, thousands of Getae were displaced, and, not long thereafter, references to the Getae disappeared from history. Later writers wrongly gave the name Getae to the Goths. The Getae and Dacians were closely related; some historians even suggest that these were names applied to a single people by different observers or at different times. Their culture is sometimes called Geto-Dacian."
7. ISBN 0-14-044908-6
   , 2003, page 256: "The tribe of Thracians called Crobyzi"
8. ^
   ISBN 0-521-22717-8
   , 1992, page 598
9. ^
   ISBN 0-521-22717-8
   , "Getic tribes were probably the Aedi, the Scaugdae and the Clariae ... They were known in antiquity as Getae..."
10. ISBN 0-521-22717-8
11. ^ Romania: An Illustrated History by Nicolae Klepper, 2003, page 33: "... the Carps and the Roxolani), by Bastarns, and by Tyragetae (another Geto-Dacian tribe)..."
12. ISBN 0-521-22717-8
    , 1992, page 598: "The cultural level of some Getic tribes was so low that they lived in 'houses' dug into the earth (such underground villages are known among Phrygians and Armenians). The Greeks called them Troglodytae"
13. ^ Pârvan (1982) p.165 and p.82
14. ^ The Cambridge ancient history Volume 3, page 599, by John Boardman - 1991 "Pliny speaks of the Moesic tribes...but their names remain almost unknown; in the Roman period, the tribes of the Artakioi"
15. ISBN 1-4165-3205-6
    , 2009, page 183: "... their women, who likely stood in the rear ranks. The Triballi, a tough Thracian people, ..."
16. ISBN 0-521-22717-8
    , 1992, page 601
17. ISBN 0-521-22717-8
    , 1992, page 597: "We have no way of knowing what the Thracians called themselves and if indeed they had a common name...Thus the name of Thracians and that of their country were given by the Greeks to a group of tribes occupying the territory..."
18. ^ The Cambridge Ancient History: pt. 1. The prehistory of the Balkans; and the Middle East and the Aegean world, tenth to eighth centuries B.C. Cambridge University Press, 1991. University of Minnesota/
19. ^ ^{a b c d} Early symbolic systems for communication in Southeast Europe, Part 2 by Lolita Nikolova,
    ISBN 1-84171-334-1
    , 2003, page 529, "eastern Paionians (Agrianians and Laeaeans)"
20. ^ Herodotus, The Histories (ed. A. D. Godley), 9.119.1, "CXIX. As Oeobazus was making his escape into Thrace, the Apsinthians of that country caught and sacrificed him in their customary manner to Plistorus the god of their land; as for his companions, they did away with them by other means. Artayctes and his company had begun their flight later, and were overtaken a little way beyond the Goat's Rivers, where after they had defended themselves a long time, some of them were killed and the rest taken alive. The Greeks bound them and carried them to Sestus, and together with them Artayctes and his son also in bonds."
21. ^
    ISBN 1-84176-329-2, 2001, page 11: "After the battle, 10,000 Thracians drawn from the Astii, Caeni, Maduateni
    and Coreli occupied each side of a narrow forested pass ..."
22. ISBN 0-521-22717-8
    , "The Astae appeared only from the late Hellenistic era, second-first century B.C."
23. ISBN 0-521-22717-8
    , 1992, page 606: "In the middle Hebrus valley and to the east of the Odrysae and the Coleates minores are the Benni..."
24. ISBN 1-84176-329-2
    , 2001, page 13: "... of the Emperor Augustus) who returned the favour, defeating the Bessi when they attacked Macedonia. This tribe must have impressed the Romans, as they took to calling all Thracians 'Bessi'; they wrote it down as the tribe of origin ..."
25. ISBN 0-19-814099-1
    , page 854, "... Various tribes have occupied this part of Thrace: Bisaltians (lower Strymon valley), Odomantes (the plain to the north of the Strymon) ..."
26. ^
    ISBN 0-14-044908-6
    , 2003, page 452: "... I10 The Thracian tribes lying along his route were the Paeti, Cicones, Bistones, Sapaei, Dersaei, Edoni, and Satrae..."
27. ^ ^{a b} Strabo, Geography, book 7, chapter fragments: ... and a fourth to Pelagonia. Along the Hebrus dwell the Corpili, the Brenæ still higher up, above them, and lastly
28. ^ ^{a b} Polyaenus: Stratagems - BOOK 7, The generals of the Cebrenii and Sycaeboae, two Thracian tribes, were chosen from among the priests of Hera. Cosingas, according to the tradition of the country, was elected to be their priest and general; but the army took some objection to him, and refused to obey him. To suppress the rebelliousness that had taken hold of the troops, Cosingas built a number of long ladders, and fastened them one to another. He then put out a report, that he had decided to climb up to heaven, in order to inform Hera of the disobedience of the Thracians. The Thracians, who are notoriously stupid and ridiculous, were terrified by the idea of their general's intended journey, and the resulting wrath of heaven. They implored him not to carry out his plan, and they promised with an oath to obey all of his future commands.
29. ISBN 0-521-22717-8
    , 1992, page 606: "The other branch of this tribe, the Coelaletae maiores, lived in the region of the High Tonzos between Stara ..."
30. ISBN 0-521-22717-8
    , 1992, page 601-602
31. ISBN 0-521-22717-8
    , 1992, page 600
32. ^ Plin. Nat. 4.18, "Thrace now follows, divided into fifty strategies1, and to be reckoned among the most powerful nations of Europe. Among its peoples whom we ought not to omit to name are the Denseletæ and the Medi, dwelling upon the right bank of the Strymon, and joining up to the Bisaltæ above2 mentioned; on the left there are the Digerri and a number of tribes of the Bessi"
33. ^
    ISBN 0-521-22717-8
    , 1992, page 607: "The existence of a tribe called Diobessi (Plin.Loc.Cit.) links together ethnically the Bessi and the Dii..."
34. ISBN 0-521-22717-8
    , 1992, page 607: "Of these interminable struggles which never ceased to plague Thrace the best known were those between the Apsynthii and the Dolonci..."
35. ISBN 1-4165-3205-6
    , 2009, page 31: "... ancient text might have referred not to nomads but to Maedi (singular, Maedus). The Maedi were a Thracian tribe..."
36. ISBN 0-521-22717-8
    , 1992, page 601: "Earlier certain tribes of the Maedi emigrated to Asia minor where they were known by the name of the MaedoBythini..."
37. ^
    ISBN 1-4250-0949-2
    , page 321: "... his sway extended over the Melanditae, the Thynians, and the Tranipsae. Then the affairs of the Odrysians took ..."
38. ISBN 1-110-27521-8
    , 2009, page 83, " Melinophagi, a Thracian people near Sahnydessus on the Euzine, perhaps Srabo's Agra, ..."
39. ^
    ISBN 0-14-044908-6
    , 2003, page 271, "The Thracians of... those who live beyond Apollonia and Mesembria, known as the Scyrmiadae and Nipsaeans, surrendered without fighting; but the Getae..."
40. ^ Thrace in the Graeco-Roman world, p. 112 but others claim that together with the Agrianes and Odomanti, at least the latter of which were with certainty Thracian, not Paeonian.
41. ^ Pausanias, Description of Greece Messenia, 4.33.1, "...but settled among the Odrysae when pregnant, for Philammon refused to take her into his house. Thamyris is called an Odrysian and Thracian on these grounds..."
42. ^
    ISBN 0-19-814099-1
    , page 803: "... a [...] decree from Gonnoi. Originally populated by Thracian Pieres, Leibethra and this part of Pieria were conquered by the ..."
43. ^ Pausanias's Description Of Greece V4: Commentary On Books VI-VIII by James G. Frazer, 2006, page 132: "... led an army against ... Abrupolis, king of the Sapaeans etc. The Sapaeans were a Thracian tribe in the neighbourhood of Abdera..."
44. ISBN 0-906515-17-3
    , Back Matter: "... tells of an oracle of Dionysus among tlae Satrae, a Thracian tribe. The Greeks also regarded him as a god of ..."
45. ISBN 90-04-15576-7
    , by Gocha R. Tsetskhladze - 2008, page 488, "The territory of the Thracian Sintians..."
46. ISBN 90-256-0793-4
    , page 69, by Fanula Papazoglu - 1978, "...were directed against the Thracian coast. The Greeks came into contact with the ... says that "...the outstanding Thracian tribes were the Sithones..."
47. ISBN 0-521-22717-8
    , 1992, page 600: "The Triballi were the western neighbours of the Treres and the Tilataei who occupied in general the region of Serdica..."
48. ^ Psyche: the cult of souls and the belief in immortality among the Greeks -page 281 by Erwin Rohde,
    ISBN 0-415-22563-9
    , 2000, "It appears that a branch of the Thracian tribe of the Tralles..."
49. ISBN 1-4264-7592-6
    , page 183: "... have been connected with diem. Liddell and Scott speak of "Trallians" as "Thracian barbarians employed in Asia as mercenaries, torturers, and executioners."
50. ^ Herodotus, "The Trausi in all else resemble the other Thracians, but have customs at births and deaths which I will now describe. When a child is born all its kindred sit round about it in a circle and weep for the woes it will have to undergo now that it is come into the world, making mention of every ill that falls to the lot of humankind; when, on the other hand, a man has died, they bury him with laughter and rejoicings, and say that now he is free from a host of sufferings, and enjoys the completest happiness." (Histories, 5.4)
51. ISBN 1-4021-7005-X
    , 2001, page 253: "... to speak of several invasions, in which the Trêres, a Thracian tribe, were concerned, and which are not clearly discriminated..."
52. ^ The Cambridge Ancient History, Vol. 10: The Augustan Empire, 43 BC-AD 69 (Volume 10) by Alan Bowman, Edward Champlin, and Andrew Lintott, 1996, p. 580, "...Danubian and Balkan provinces Tricornenses of Tricornium (Ritopek) replaced the Celegeri, the Picensii of Pincum..."
53. ^ "The Ancient Kingdom of Paionia". Balkan Studies 6. 1965.
54. ISBN 0-684-82790-5
    , page 153,"... of them still live round Physcasb- and the Almopians from Almopia.
55. ISBN 978-0-521-85073-5
    Volume 4, Persia, Greece and the Western Mediterranean, C. 525 to 479 B.C, John Boardman, page 252, "The Paeonians were the earlier owners of some of these mines, but after their defeat in the coastal sector they maintained their independence in the mainland and coined large denominations in the upper Strymon and the Upper Axius area in the names of the Laeaei and the Derrones"
56. ISBN 0-14-044908-6
    , 2003, page 452, "... Then he passed through the country of the Doberes and Paeoplae (Paeonian tribes living north of Pangaeum), and continued in a ..."
57. ISBN 0-19-814099-1
    , page 854, ... Various tribes have occupied this part of Thrace: Bisaltians (lower Strymon valley), Odomantes (the plain to the north of the Strymon) ...
58. ^ Thrace in the Graeco-Roman world, p. 112 but others claim that together with the Agrianes and Odomanti, at least the latter of which were with certainty Thracian, not Paeonian.
59. ISBN 0-14-044908-6
    , 2003, page 315, ... "was that a number of Paeonian tribes – the Siriopaeones, Paeoplae, ..."
60. ISBN 0-14-044908-6
    , 2003, page 315, "... was that a number of Paeonian tribes – the Siriopaeones, Paeoplae, ..."
61. ^ Strabo, The Geography, VII.3: Mysia, Dacia, and the Danube (SE Europe) [1] published in Vol. III of the Loeb Classical Library edition, 1924, p. 294‑308

External links

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• Dacian toponyms, hydronyms and tribe names
• [2] - Source texts of ancient Greek and Roman authors.
• [3] - Strabo's work The Geography (Geographica). Book 7, Chapters 3 and 6, are about Dacia, Thracia, Danube region (Southeastern Europe).