List of battles involving the Sikh Empire
The
British East India Company
.
Background
The
Mughal emperor Aurangzeb. Before his death in 1708, he sent Banda Singh Bahadur to lead the Sikhs of Punjab. Banda Singh Bahadur through his outstanding leadership skills weakened the Mughal grasp over India. But he was later captured and beheaded in Delhi in 1716, during the reign of Farrukhsiyar
.
Thereafter, Sikhs were divided into
Ahmad Shah Durrani of Afghanistan
.
The Afghans led numerous campaigns to re-capture Lahore but ultimately had to return to
Sukerchakia Misl became Misldar. He started uniting Misls and finally took Lahore in 1799. His coronation on 12 April 1801 marked the beginning of the Sikh Empire
, which went on to conquer the whole Punjab, Kangra, parts of Kashmir and briefly, the city of Peshawar.
Battles fought by Sikh Empire
| Name of conflict (Date) | Belligerents | Opponents | Outcome | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Katoch–Sikh War (1801)
|
Sikh Empire | Kangra State | Sikh Victory | |
| Battle of Kasur (1807) |
Sikh Empire | Durrani Empire | Sikh Victory | |
| Battle of Jammu (1808) | Sikh Empire | Dogra Rajput
|
Sikh Victory | |
Gurkha-Sikh War (1809)
|
Sikh Empire | Kingdom of Nepal | Sikh Victory | |
| Siege of Multan (1810) | Sikh Empire | Durrani Empire | Sikh Victory | |
| Battle of Bhimber (1812) | Sikh Empire | Chibhal | Sikh Victory | |
| Battle of Anandpur (1812) | Sikh Empire | Kahlur
|
Sikh Victory | |
Afghan-Sikh Capture of Kashmir (1812–1813)
|
Sikh Empire Durrani Empire |
Kashmir under Ata Muhammad Khan | Sikh-Afghan Victory | |
| Battle of Hasan Abdal (1813) | Sikh Empire | Pashtuns led by Wazir Fateh Khan Barakzai | Afghan Victory[1] | |
Battle of Attock (1813)
|
Sikh Empire | Durrani Empire | Sikh Victory | |
| Battle of Kashmir (1814) | Sikh Empire | Pashtuns led by Wazir Fateh Khan Barakzai | Afghan Victory[2] | |
Battle of Multan (1818)
|
Sikh Empire | Durrani Empire | Sikh Victory | |
| Battle of Shopian (1819) | Sikh Empire | Durrani Empire | Sikh Victory | Kashmir is conquered by the Sikhs. |
| Battle of Gandgarh (1820) | Sikh Empire | Yousufzai Zamindars | Yousufzai
Afghan Victory[3] | |
| Battle of Mangal (1821) | Sikh Empire | Jaduns and Tanaolis Tribes | Sikh Victory | |
Siege of Mankera (1821–1822)
|
Sikh Empire | Kingdom of Mankera | Sikh Victory | |
| Battle of Taragarh (1822) | Sikh Empire | Afghan tribesmen | Sikh Victory | |
| Battle of Nowshera (1823) | Sikh Empire | Coalition of Azim Khan | Sikh Victory | |
| Battle of Akora Khattak (1826) | Sikh Empire | Mujahideen | Mujahideen Victory | |
Battle of Saidu (1827)
|
Sikh Empire | Mujahideen | Sikh Victory | |
| Battle of Haidru (1828) | Sikh Empire | Mujahideen | Sikh Victory | |
| Battle of Balakot (1831) | Sikh Empire | Mujahideen | Sikh Victory | |
| Battle of Bannu (1832) | Sikh Empire | Local Pashtuns | Afghan Victory | |
| Expedition of Shuja ul-Mulk (1833-1834) | Shah Shuja Durrani
|
Emirate of Kabul
|
Barakzai Afghan Victory | Shah Shuja's expedition fails. |
Battle of Peshawar (1834)
|
Sikh Empire | Peshawar Sardars | Sikh Victory | Peshawar Sardars deposed from power. |
| Ladakh War (1834–1835) | Sikh Empire | Namgyal Dynasty | Sikh Victory | Entirety of Ladakh annexed in Sino-Sikh War
|
| Battle of Ramkani (1835) | Sikh Empire | Barakzai Dynasty
|
Inconclusive | |
| Battle of Michni (1836) | Sikh Empire | Michni Sardars | Sikh Victory | |
Standoff at the Khyber Pass (1835)
|
Sikh Empire | Emirate of Kabul | Inconclusive | Withdrawal of Dost Mohammad Khan, no battle fought. |
| Battle of Panjtar (1836) | Sikh Empire | Panjtar Pashtuns | Sikh Victory | |
| Battle of Jamrud (1837) | Sikh Empire | Emirate of Afghanistan | Disputed[4] | |
| 1837 Poonch Revolt | Sikh Empire | Sudhans of Poonch
|
Sikh Victory | Rebellion suppressed |
| Baltistan Expedition (1840) | Sikh Empire | Maqpon Dynasty
|
Sikh Victory[5] | Baltistan and Skardu annexed to the Sikh Empie |
| First Anglo-Afghan War |  British Empire
|
Emirate of Kabul
|
British coalition defeat | Shah Shuja initially restored to the throne successfully, however is deposed and killed in 1842. |
| Battle of Waziristan 1843[6][7] | Sikh Empire | Tribal Afghans | Afghan Victory | |
| Battle of Waziristan 1844[8][9] | Sikh Empire | Tribal Afghans | Afghan Victory | |
| Battle of Mudki | British Empire | Sikh Empire | British Victory | |
| Battle of Ferozeshah | British Empire | Sikh Empire | British Victory | |
| Battle of Baddowal | Sikh Empire | British Empire | Sikh Victory | |
| Battle of Aliwal | British Empire | Sikh Empire | British Victory | |
| Battle of Sobraon | British Empire | Sikh Empire | British Victory | |
| Battle of Sohana | British Empire | Sikh Empire | British Victory | |
| Battle of Ramnagar (1848) | Sikh Empire | British East Indian Company
|
Sikh Victory | |
| Battle of Chillianwala (1849) | Sikh Empire | British East Indian Company
|
Sikh Victory | |
| Siege of Multan (1848–1849) | Sikh Empire | British East Indian Company
|
British Victory | |
| Battle of Gujrat (1849) | Sikh Empire | British East Indian Company
|
British Victory |
First Anglo-Sikh War
Battle of Mudki
The battle was fought on 18 December 1845 during night. The British won with heavy casualties on the higher ranks.
Battle of Ferozeshah
The battle was fought on 21–22 December 1845, in which the British forces under
Sir Hugh Gough won a Pyrrhic victory over the Sikh army under Lal Singh
.
Battle of Baddowal
In this battle, a large number of Sikh soldiers crossed Satluj after being defeated at Mudki and Ferozeshah. When General Henry Smith marched to Dharmkot to relieve Ludhiana, their rear was attacked by Sikhs under Ranjodh Singh Majithia. Hence, Sikhs gave a defeat to British in the battle of Baddowal.[10][11]
Battle of Aliwal
The battle was fought on 28 January 1846, in which the company troops decisively defeated the Sikh army. It proved as the turning point in the war.
Battle of Sobraon
The Sikhs were defeated by the East India Company at the battle of Sobraon fought on 10 February 1846, which led to the end of the war.
Second Anglo-Sikh War
Battle of Ramnagar
In the battle of Ramnagar fought on 22 November 1848, Sikhs under
Sir Hugh Gough
Battle of Chillianwala
In the battle on 13 January 1849, the Sikh army under Sher Singh Attariwalla defeated the British army under Sir Hugh Gough.
Siege of Multan
The prolonged siege of Multan by the British army lasted from 19 April 1848 until 22 January 1849, when the fort was breached and
Dewan Mulraj
surrendered. Multan was then captured by the British.
Battle of Gujrat
This was the last battle of the war and the Anglo-Sikh battle. Sir Hugh Gough's army decisively defeated the Sikh forces. The
British Indian Empire
.
See also
References
 | This article has an unclear citation style. (January 2017) |
- ^ www.DiscoverSikhism.com. History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839).
- ^ www.DiscoverSikhism.com. History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839).
- ^ Griffin, Lepel Henry (1890). "The Panjab Chiefs: Historical and Biographical Notices of the Principal Families in the Lahore and Rawalpindi Divisions of the Panjab".
- ISBN 978-1-85109-402-8.
- ^ Charak, Sukh Dev Singh (1983). General Zorawar Singh. Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India.
- ^ Kumar, Rajinder (January 2023). "Hari Singh Nalwa".
- ISBN 978-1-4907-1446-2.
- ^ Kumar, Rajinder (January 2023). "Hari Singh Nalwa".
- ISBN 978-1-4907-1446-2.
- ISBN 978-0-313-33536-5.
- ^ Jacques, p. 93