List of biochemists
This is a list of biochemists. It should include those who have been important to the development or practice of biochemistry. Their research or applications have made significant contributions in the area of basic or applied biochemistry.
A
Ab–Am
- pharmacologist. He founded and chaired the first department of pharmacology in the United States at the University of Michigan.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- , and known for work on RNA splicing.
- Molecular Biophysics at Washington University in St. Louis, who worked on thermodynamic linkage analysis of biological macromolecules.
- Gilbert Smithson Adair FRS (1896–1979). British protein chemist at the University of Cambridge, the first to identify cooperative binding, in the context of oxygen binding to haemoglobin.
- Julius Adler (b. 1930). American Professor of Biochemistry and Genetics at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, known for work on chemotaxis.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Dario Alessi (b. 1967). British biochemist at the University of Dundee known for work on protein kinases.
- UC Berkeleyknown for demonstrating the role of chloroplasts in photosynthesis.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Bruce Ames (b. 1928). Biochemist and microbiologist at UC Berkeley. He is an expert on mutagenicity and an inventor of the Ames test. Awarded the National Medal of Science
- olfaction.
An–At
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Mortimer Louis Anson (1901–1968). American biochemist and protein chemist, the first to propose that protein folding was reversible.
- Akira Arimura (1923–2007). Japanese biochemist and endocrinologist at Tulane University who studied hormones.
- Shy Arkin (b. 1965). Israeli biochemist at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, working on structural analysis of transmembrane proteins
- Oxford University, working on motion of bacteria by flagellar rotation.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Weizmann Institute, who works on researching anti-cancer and influenza vaccinations. She participated in developing the multiple sclerosis drug Copaxone. President of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities.
- Helen Asemota. Nigerian biochemist at the University of the West Indies, Jamaica, who studied the molecular genetics and metabolism of the browning of yam tubers in storage.
- Gilbert Ashwell (1916–2014). American biochemist at the NIH, who isolated the first cell receptor.
- William Astbury FRS (1898–1961). British physicist and molecular biologist at the Royal Institution, University of Leeds, a pioneer in applying X-ray crystallography to biological molecules such as proteins
- UCLA known for the concept of energy charge
- Akuma Saningong (1978), Cameroonian-German biochemist at University of Duisburg-Essen known bridging science and personal development and thesis titled "Functional Studies on Par14/Par17 with Emphasis on Chromatin, The Cell Cycle, and Protein-Protein Interactions"
B
Ba–Be
- David Baker (b. 1962). American biochemist and computational biologist at the University of Washington, who studies methods to predict and design the three-dimensional structures of proteins.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Boris Pavlovich Belousov (1893–1970). Chemist and biophysicist in the Ministry of Health of the USSR who discovered the Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction. Awarded the Lenin Prize(1980).
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Steven A. Benner (b. 1954). American chemist at the University of Florida known for establishing synthetic biology and paleogenetics, aas wll as contributing to understanding of the origin of life;
- Paul Berg FRS (foreign member) (1926–2023). American biochemist at Stanford, known for pioneering work involving gene splicing of recombinant DNA. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1980.
- Helen M. Berman (b. 1943). American biochemist at Rutgers University, known for work on nucleic acids, their interactions with proteins, and also the structure of collagen.
- Walter Cannon). Foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
Bi–Bo
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Konrad Emil Bloch FRS (1912–2000). German-American biochemist at Harvard, who worked on the mechanism and regulation of cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1964.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- David Mervyn Blow FRS (1931–2004). British X-ray crystallographer at Imperial College London, who worked on protein structure.
- Aaron Bodansky (1887–1960). Russian-born American biochemist at the Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, specializing in the area of calcium metabolism.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
Br
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Caltechin the discovery of the α-helix
- Sydney Brenner (1927–2019). South African biochemist at Cambridge, and later Berkeley, known for work on the genetic code and more recently for establishing Caenorhabditis elegans as a model organism. Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine (2002)
- Kenneth Breslauer (active from 1970). American biochemist at Rutgers University (born in Sweden of German parents), who has studied DNA damage and repair, including why certain mutations escape repair and result in cancer.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Adrian John Brown FRS (1852–1920). British expert on brewing and malting at the University of Birmingham. He was a pioneer of enzyme kinetics and proposed an explanation of enzyme saturation.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
Bu
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Eduard Buchner (1860–1917). German chemist and physiologist at the University of Munich, who overthrew the doctrine of vitalism by showing that cell-free yeast extract could catalyse fermentation, a discovery described by Arthur Kornberg as the beginning of biochemistry. 1907 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
- Dean Burk (1904–1988). American biochemist at the Fixed Nitrogen Research Laboratory, co-discoverer of biotin. He is credited (with Hans Lineweaver) with introducing the double-reciprocal plot in kinetics. He became a vociferous opponent of water fluoridation.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
C
Ca–Ce
- David S. Cafiso (b. 1952). American biochemist at the University of Virginia, with research focusing on membranes and membrane proteins.
- T. Colin Campbell (b. 1934). American biochemist at Cornell University, specializing in the effect of nutrition on long-term health.
- David E. Cane (b. 1944). American biological chemist at Brown University, recognized for his work on the biosynthesis of natural products, particularly terpenoids and polyketides.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- pulse field gel electrophoresis, and was formerly Director of the Human Genome Project. He is known also for his book series Biophysical Chemistry with Paul Schimmel
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Nobel prize in chemistry, along with Sidney Altman, in 1989.
- Howard Cedar (b. 1943). Israeli American biochemist at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, working on DNA methylation, awarded the Israel Prize in Biology in 1999. Member of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities.
Ch–Cl
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Christopher Chang (b. 1974). American bioinorganic chemist at UC Berkeley. His research includes molecular imaging sensors for the study of redox biology.
- Institut Pasteur. Originator of the allosteric model of cooperativity, but now known mainly for work in neuroscience.
- Emmett Chappelle (1925–2019). American biochemist at NASA, known for using bioluminescence to develop a method of detecting ATP.
- Erwin Chargaff (1905–2002). Austrian-American biochemist at Columbia, known for Chargaff's rules, according to the first of which the number of guanine units in DNA is equal to the number of cytosine units, and the number of adenine units is equal to the number of thymine units.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
- Martha Chase (1927–2003). American geneticist at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, famous for the Hershey–Chase experiment, which indicated that genetic information is held and transmitted by DNA, not by protein.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Albert Chibnall FRS (1894–1988), British biochemist known for his work on the nitrogen metabolism of plants.
- Ruth Chiquet-Ehrismann (1954 – 2015), Swiss biochemist and cell biologist working on interactions in the extracellular matrix.
- Cambridgeknown for work on protein structure.
- Gilbert Chu (b. 1946). American biochemist at Stanford, known for investigating how cells react to DNA damage from radiation.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Cambridgeknown for work on folding and assembly of proteins.
- Steven Clarke (b. 1949). American biochemist at UCLA, known for work on molecular damage and molecular repair mechanisms.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
Co–Cu
- Philip Cohen FRS (b. 1945). At the University of Dundee known primarily for work on protein phosphorylation and ubiquitinylation.
- Stanley Cohen (1922–2020). American biochemist at Vanderbilt University. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1986).
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Mildred Cohn (1913–2009). American biochemist, at the University of Pennsylvania, pioneer in the use of nuclear magnetic resonance to study enzyme reactions.
- Waldo Cohn (1910–1999). American biochemist at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, known for developing techniques for separating isotopes.
- Linda Columbus (active from 2002). American chemist at the University of Virginia known for work on membrane proteins.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Ann Arbor, discoverer of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Gerty Cori (1896–1957). Czech-American biochemist at Washington University, known for glycogen research. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1947).
- Athel Cornish-Bowden (b. 1943). British enzymologist at the CNRS, Marseilles. He has contributed to the development of metabolic control analysis, and is the author of Fundamentals of Enzyme Kinetics.
- Peter Coveney (b. 1958). British Computational molecular biology specialist at University College London, University of Amsterdam and Yale.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Gerald Crabtree (b. 1946). American biochemist at Stanford, known for defining the Ca2+-calcineurin-NFAT signalling pathway, pioneering the development of synthetic ligands for regulation of biological processes.
- Robert K. Crane (1919–2010). American biochemist at the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, known for his discovery of sodium-glucose cotransport.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Richard D. Cummings. American biologist at Harvard, known for studying pathways of glycoconjugate biosynthesis and alterations in biosynthesis in human and animal diseases.
D
Da
- Valerie Daggett. American protein chemist at the University of Washington, known for molecular dynamics simulations of proteins and other biomolecules.
- John Call Dalton (1825–1889). American physiologist at the New York Metropolitan Board of Health, known for detailed and precise sketches of the brain.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Marie Maynard Daly (1921–2003). American biochemist at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, who studied the chemistry of histones, protein synthesis, the relationships between cholesterol and hypertension, and uptake of creatine by muscle cells.
- Oxford University, pioneer in analysis of the kinetics of two-substrate enzyme-catalysed reactions.
- Carl Peter Henrik Dam (1895–1976). Danish biochemist and physiologist at Copenhagen University who discovered vitamin K and its role in human physiology. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine(1943).
- University of Wisconsin, co-discoverer of vitamins A and B
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. Member of the French Academy of Science
- Margaret Oakley Dayhoff (1925–1983). American biochemist at Georgetown University, pioneer in bioinformatics.
De–Di
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Michael W. Deem. American biochemist and genetic engineer at Rice University, known for work in evolution, immunology, and materials.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Université Catholique de Louvain, known for studies of hormone-receptor interaction of peptide hormones and the physiopathogenesis of diabetes.
- Willey Glover Denis (1879–1929). American biochemist at Tulane University, a pioneer in clinical chemistry and the measurement of protein in biological fluids.
- feedback inhibition.
- Henry Berkeley Franks (Hal) Dixon (1928–2008). British enzymologist at the University of Cambridge.
- Malcolm Dixon FRS (1899–1985). British biochemist at the University of Cambridge. Research on enzyme structure, kinetics, and properties. His book (with Edwin C. Webb) Enzymes was very influential.
Do–Du
- St Louis University, known for discovering vitamin K. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1943).
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Jonathan Dordick (b. 1959). American biochemical engineer at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, known for development of enzyme catalysis under extreme conditions.
- Ralph Dorfman (1911–1985). American biochemist at Stanford, known for treatments for cancer and rheumatoid arthritis
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2020.
- Alexander Dounce (1909–1997). American protein chemist at the University of Rochester, active in early work on the genetic code, one of the first to suggest that it was triplet-based.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Jack Cecil Drummond FRS (1891–1952). British biochemist at University College London, known for the isolation of Vitamin A, and wartime advisor on nutrition. Murdered in France, with his wife and daughter.
- Vincent du Vigneaud (1901–1978). American biochemist known for work on oxytocin. Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
E
- Setsuro Ebashi (1922–2006). Japanese biochemist at the University of Tokyo who discovered troponin.
- molecular biologist at Rutgers University, known for work on protein-DNA interaction, aspects of transcription, and antibacterial drug discovery.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Crimea State Medical University, known for work in molecular immunology, evolutionary biology, and biosystematics.
- pharmacologist at Duke University, known for using rational drug design for the discovery of new drugs. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine(1988).
- University of Wisconsin, known for identifying two vitamins, nicotinic acid, and nicotinamide.
- Gladys Anderson Emerson (1903–1984). American historian, biochemist and nutritionist at UCLA, the first to isolate Vitamin E in a pure form.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
- Lars Ernster (1920–1998; original name Ernster László). Swedish biochemist at Stockholm, of Hungarian origin. Member of the Board of the Nobel Foundation (1977–1988). Known for work on mitochondria and energy transduction. Member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
- Earl Evans (1910–1999). American biochemist at the University of Chicago known for developing techniques in radiobiology and other fields.
F
Fa–Fi
- Leone N. Farrell (1904–1986). Canadian biochemist and microbiologist at Connaught Laboratories (Toronto) who discovered a way to isolate live virus in bulk quantities, sufficient for producing the polio vaccine.
- Atkins Diet, and on application of thermodynamics to nutrition.
- David Sidney Feingold (1922–2019). American biochemist at the University of Pittsburgh known for research on carbohydrates.
- David Fell (b. 1947). British biochemist at Oxford Brookes University who has contributed to the development of systems biology. Author of Understanding the control of metabolism.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
Fl–Fu
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Karl August Folkers (1906–1997). American biochemist at Merck, known for work on the antibiotics cathomycin and cycloserine.
- Ivar Asbjørn Følling (1888–1973). Norwegian biochemist and geneticist who first described phenylketonuria.
- Sidney W. Fox (1912–1998). American biochemist at the University of Miami who worked on the production of amino acids in abiotic conditions.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- BirkbeckColleges, London, who worked on the structure of DNA
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Kazimierz Funk (1884–1967). Polish-American biochemist at the Pasteur Institute, discoverer of vitamin B3 (niacin).
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
G
Ga–Go
- Elmer L. Gaden (1923–2012). American biochemical engineer at the University of Virginia, known as the father of biochemical engineering.
- Michael H. Gelb (b. 1957). American biochemist at the University of Washington who studies study enzymatic processes of biomedical significance.
- Susan Gerbi, (b. 1944). American biochemist at Brown University working on RNA and DNA.
- Jonathan Gershenzon (b. 1955). American biochemist at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology in Jena, known for work on the biochemistry of secondary plant metabolites.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Eugene Goldwasser (1922–2010). American biochemist at the University of Chicago, known for identifying the hormone erythropoietin.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
Gr–Gu
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Lewis Joel Greene (b. 1934), American-Brazilian biochemist at the University of São Paulo, known for studies of protein chemistry.
- Frederick Griffith (1877–1941). British bacteriologist, at the Ministry of Health's Pathological Laboratory, who discovered that DNA carries hereditary information.
- François Gros (1925–2022). French biologist and pioneer of cellular biochemistry at the French Academy of Sciences.
- Kun-Liang Guan (b. 1963). Chinese-American biochemist at the University of Michigan who works on gene regulation.
- F. Peter Guengerich (b. 1949). Biochemist and toxicologist at Vanderbilt University, working on cytochromes P450, DNA damage and carcinogenesis, and drug metabolism. Note. His personal Wikipedia page is very uninformative.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Herbert Gutfreund FRS (1921–2021). Austrian-British biochemist at Bristol, known for enzyme kinetics and for developing methods for studying fast reactions.
H
Ha–He
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- J. B. S. Haldane (John Burdon Sanderson Haldane, 1892–1964). British (and later Indian) geneticist, biochemist (study of enzymes) and statistician, at University College London and at the end of his life at the Indian Statistical Institute. Apart from his contributions to science, he was notable for political activism and wrote many articles for the Daily Worker.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
- Jean Hanson (1919–1973). British biophysicist and zoologist at Massachusetts Institute of Technology known for her contributions to muscle research.
- Arthur Harden FRS (1865–1940). British biochemist at the Lister Institute, known for work on the fermentation of sugar and fermentative enzymes. Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1929).
- Grahame Hardie FRS (b. 1950), British biochemist at the University of Dundee, known for work on AMP-activated protein kinase.
- Brian S. Hartley FRS (1926–2021). British biochemist at Imperial College London. Known for studies on chymotrypsin and other proteolytic enzymes.
- Hamilton Hartridge FRS (1886–1976). British eye physiologist known in biochemistry for the continuous-flow method for following fast reactions.
- Reinhart Heinrich (1946–2006). German biophysicist at the Humboldt University of Berlin, noted for the origin and development of metabolic control analysis.
- Max Henius (1859–1935). Danish-American biochemist who specialized in fermentation processes. Founder of the Chicago-based American Brewing Academy.
- Victor Henri (1872–1940). French physical chemist of Russian parents at the University of Liège. He was the first to apply ideas of physical chemistry to the properties of enzymes.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
Hi–Hu
- Archibald Vivian Hill FRS (1886–1977). British protein biophysicist at University College London known primarily for work in muscle biochemistry, but also for the Hill equation, still widely used for quantifying protein cooperativity. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1922).
- Robin Hill FRS (1899–1991). British plant biochemist at the University of Cambridge who demonstrated the Hill reaction of photosynthesis.
- Dorothy Hodgkin FRS (1910–1994). British X-ray crystallographer at the University of Oxford, pioneer in protein crystallography. Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1964)
- University of Stellenboschactive in metabolic control analysis.
- Frederick Gowland Hopkins FRS (President) (1861–1947). British biochemist at Cambridge Universitywho discovered tryptophan and worked on vitamins. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1929)
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Hugh Huxley (1924–2013). British molecular biologist at University College London and Brandeis University noted for discovery the underlying principle of muscle movement.
I
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
J
- Sophie E. Jackson (active from 1991). Biochemist at the University of Cambridge known for work on protein folding.
- Leicester University, known for inventing genetic fingerprinting.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Thomas H. Jukes (1906–1999). British-American biologist at UC Berkeley known for work in nutrition and molecular evolution. He was very active in denouncing pseudoscience.
K
Ka–Ke
- FRSE (1918–1995). British geneticist and biochemist at Edinburgh, founder of metabolic control analysis.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
- Sir Bernard Katz FRS (1911–2003). German-British neuroscientist and biophysicist at University College London. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1970) for work on nerve biochemistry and the pineal gland.
- Stuart Alan Kauffman (b. 1939). American theoretical biologist, expert on complex systems, now at the University of Pennsylvania. Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada.
- Douglas Kell (b. 1953). British biochemist at the University of Manchester, known for research on functional genomics, metabolomics and the yeast genome.
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, known for determining the crystal structure of myoglobin. Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1962).
- Sir Ernest Kennaway FRS (1881–1958), British pathologist at the Institute of Cancer Research, London, who carried out early work on carcinogenic effects of hydrocarbons.
- Eugene P. Kennedy (1919–2011), American biochemist at the Harvard Medical School known for work on lipid metabolism and membrane function.
Kh-Kn
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Charles Glen King (1896–1988). American biochemist at the University of Pittsburgh. He isolated vitamin C, and was a pioneer in the field of nutrition research.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Franz Knoop (1875–1946). German biochemist at the University of Tübingen known for the discovery of β-oxidation.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
Ko–Ku
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Sir Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Sylvy Kornberg (1917–1986). American biochemist at Stanford, who worked in collaboration with Arthur Kornberg on DNA replication and polyphosphate synthesis.
- Thomas B. Kornberg (b. 1948). American biochemist at UC San Francisco, who works on Drosophila melanogaster development.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
- Douglas Koshland (b. 1953). Molecular and cellular biologist at UC Berkeley.
- Edwin Gerhard Krebs (1918–2009) was an American biochemist at the University of Washington, Seattle, and Nobel prizewinner, known for the study of phosphorylation/hydrolysis cycling.
- Sir , known for many advances in metabolism, most notably the tricarboxylate ("Krebs") cycle. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1953).
- Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Swedish biochemist at Lund University, of American origin, known for work on the tree of life.
L
La–Lel
- Marc Lacroix (b. 1963). Belgian biochemist at the Institut Jules Bordet (Brussels), who specializes in breast cancer biology, metastasis and therapy.
- Keith Laidler (1916–2003). British-Canadian chemist and biochemist at the University of Ottawa. Expert on chemical and enzyme kinetics. Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Michel Lazdunski (b. 1938). French biochemist and neuroscientist at Sophia Antipolis. Known especially for work on ion channels. Full Member of the French Academy of Sciences.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Luis Federico Leloir FRS (foreign associate) (1906–1987). Argentinian biochemist at the Fundación Instituto Campomar (Buenos Aires) who worked on sugar nucleotides, carbohydrate metabolism, and renal hypertension. Nobel Prize for Chemistry (1970).
Lev–Ly
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Cyrus Levinthal (1922–1990). American molecular biologist at Columbia, known for theoretical analysis of protein folding, and for Levinthal's paradox.
- Alexander Levitzki (b. 1940). Israeli biochemist at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, known for developing specific chemical inhibitors of cancer-induced protein kinases. Member of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Justus von Liebig (1803–1873). German scientist at the University of Giessen who made major contributions to agricultural and biological chemistry; one of the founders of organic chemistry.
- double-reciprocal plot.
- Anthony William Linnane FRS (1930–2017). Australian biochemist at Monash University, known for work on mitochondria, and in particular for the relationship between mitochondrial damage and aging. Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
M
- Ida Maclean (1877–1944). British biochemist at the Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine, known work on fatty acids in animals and fat synthesis.
- John Macleod FRS (1876–1935). British biochemist and physiologist at the University of Toronto, discoverer of insulin. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1923).
- Thaddeus Mann FRS (1908–1993). Ukrainian-British biochemist at the University of Cambridge, who worked on reproductive biology.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Maud Menten (1879–1960). Canadian biochemist at the University of Pittsburgh who carried out early work on enzyme kinetics. Later she pioneered the use of electrophoresis to study haemoglobin variants.
- Otto Fritz Meyerhof FRS (foreign member) (1884–1951). German-American physician and biochemist at the University of Pennsylvania, who pioneered the study of muscle biochemistry. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1922).
- Leonor Michaelis (1875–1949). German biochemist at the Rockefeller Institute of Medical Research, known for early work on enzyme kinetics. He developed biochemistry in Japan. He studied quinones, and used this knowledge to develop a method for producing a perm (hairstyle).
- Friedrich Miescher (1844–1895). Swiss physician and biologist at Leipzig University, the first to isolate DNA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- John Keith Moffat (b. 1943) British biophysicist at Argonne National Laboratory known for work on time-resolved crystallography.
- Jacques Monod FRS (foreign member) (1910–1976). French biochemist and microbiologist at the Pasteur Institute, known for many discoveries and for the theory of allostery. His philosophical book Chance and Necessity has been influential. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1965).
- Kary Mullis (1944–2019). American biochemist at the Cetus Corporation (Emeryville, California), inventor of the polymerase chain reaction. Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1993).
N
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
- Joseph Needham FRS (1900–1995). British biochemist at Cambridge, historian and sinologist, noted for embryology and morphogenesis, and also in Chinese science.
- Eva J. Neer (1937–2000). American physician and biochemist at Harvard, who researched on G-protein cell biology. Member of the National Academy of Medicine.
- UC, Berkeley, known for studies of microbial iron transport, and as author, with Paul K. Stumpfof Outlines of Enzyme Chemistry.
- University of Berlin, a pioneer in the study of metabolism.
- Cambridge Universityknown for delineating the role of DNA deamination in immunity.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Hermann Niemeyer (1918–1991). Chilean biochemist. National Prize of Science (Chile). Member of the Academy of Science of Chile.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Roland Victor Norris (1888–1950). British biochemist at the Indian Institute of Science, who worked on glycogen metabolism and yeast fermentation, and later pioneered biochemistry in India.
- Paul Nurse FRS (President) (b. 1949). British geneticist at the Rockefeller University, who worked on control of the cell cycle. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2001)
O
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Oxford University, known for the three-point attachment explanation of how an achiral substance can have a chiral product in the tricarboxylate cycle.
- Reiji Okazaki (1930–1975). Japanese molecular biologist at Nagoya University, known for discovering Okazaki fragments, an essential step for understanding DNA replication.
- Tsuneko Okazaki (b. 1933). Japanese molecular biologist at Nagoya University, known for discovering Okazaki fragments, an essential step for understanding DNA replication. L'Oréal-UNESCO Award for Women in Science.
- Joan Oró (1923–2004). Spanish biochemist at the University of Houston. Prominent for studies of the origin of life.
- Muriel Wheldale Onslow (1880–1932). British biochemist at Cambridge University, pioneer in biochemical genetics who worked on petal colour in flowers.
- coacervates. Full Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Yuri Ovchinnikov (1934–1988). Soviet biochemist at Moscow State University and the Protein Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union known for research on rhodopsin and structural biology. Full member of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union.
P
- Pier Paolo Pandolfi (b. 1963). Italian geneticist and molecular biologist at the Desert Research Institute, Reno, known for work on pseudogenes.
- Jakub Karol Parnas (1884–1949). Polish-Soviet biochemist at the University of Lviv, who discovered (with Gustav Embden and Otto Fritz Meyerhof), the glycolytic pathway.
- Caltech, known for many advances in chemistry, including the α-helical structure of proteins. Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1954).
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA(foreign associate).
- Max Perutz FRS (1914–2002). Austrian-British molecular biologist and X-ray crystallographer at Cambridge University, who solved the crystal structure of haemoglobin. Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1962).
- Samuel Victor Perry FRS (1918–2009). British biochemist at the University of Birmingham, pioneer in the biochemistry of muscle.
- University of Lund, expert on enzyme kinetics.
- David Andrew Phoenix (b. 1966). British biochemist at London South Bank University, where he studies properties of biologically active amphiphilic peptides.
- Oxfordknown for determining the chemical structure of antibodies.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
Q
- Rothamsted Experimental Station and McGill University, known for research in neurochemistry, metabolism and cancer.
R
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Oxford University, known for applying nuclear magnetic resonance to complex biological material, and many other contributions.
- Ronald T. Raines (b. 1958). American biochemist at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and MIT, known for work on enzymes and other proteins.
- Venkatraman Ramakrishnan FRS (President) (b. 1952). Indian-British-American structural biologist at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, known for work on the ribosome. Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2009.
- Philip Randle (1926–2006). British biochemist at the University of Bristol known for work on diabetes.
- Humboldt University, Berlin noted for studies of mitochondria, and for discovering a method for preserving blood for transfusions. Leader of biochemistry in the German Democratic Republic. Member of the German Academy of Sciences at Berlin.
- Tom Rapoport (b. 1947). German-American cell biologist at Harvard Medical School who studies protein transport in cells.
- Lynne Regan (Ph.D. 1987). British biochemist and biotechnologist at the University of Edinburgh which studies interactions between proteins and nucleic acids.
- Jens Reich (b. 1939). German biophysicist at the Central Institute of Molecular Biology of the Academy of Sciences in Berlin-Buch, pioneer in systems biology. Founder of the New Forum (civil rights movement).
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Humboldt Universityof Berlin who studied molecular biological and genetic aspects of physiology.
- William J. Rutter (b. 1928). American biochemist at the Chiron Corporation who contributed to the development of biotechnology.
S
Sa–Sc
- Margarita Salas (1938–2019). Spanish biochemist at the Spanish National Research Council. Known for work on DNA replication. First woman elected to the Royal Spanish Academy.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Albert Schatz (1920–2005). American microbiologist and science educator at Temple University, the discoverer of the antibiotic streptomycin.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
- Rudolph Schoenheimer (1898–1941). German-American biochemist at Columbia, pioneer of radioactive tagging of molecules.
- Stefan Schuster (b. 1961). German biophysicist at the University of Jena, pioneer in metabolic control analysis and metabolic pathway analysis.
- Rose Scott-Moncrieff (1903–1991). British biochemical geneticist at the University of Cambridge.
Se–So
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Weizmann Institute of Science, expert on carbohydrates and glycoproteins. Member of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities.
- Anatoly Sharpenak (1895–1969). Russian biochemist at the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, who studied protein metabolism, and the aetiology and pathogenesis of dental caries.
- Yaleknown for work on amino acid and peptide metabolism.
- Karl Slotta (1895–1987). German-American biochemist at the University of Miami who discovered progesterone and studied snake venoms.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Oliver Smithies FRS (foreign associate) (1925–2017). British-American geneticist and physical biochemist at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill who introduced starch as a medium for gel electrophoresis. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2007.
- Alberto Sols (1917–1989). Spanish biochemist at the Spanish National Research Council. Known for studies of hexokinase, and metabolic regulation in general. Member of the Real Academia Nacional de Medicina.
St–Sz
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Cambridge University, most widely remembered for her seminal book, Bacterial Metabolism.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. Author, with Joe Neilandsof Outlines of Enzyme Chemistry.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
T
- NIH, expert on the biosynthesis of polyamines.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Chen-Lu Tsou (Zou Chenglu in Pinyin, 1923–2006). Chinese biochemist at the Academia Sinica, known for work on enzyme inactivation kinetics, and even more as the "face of Chinese biochemistry" for many years in the west. Member of the Academia Sinica.
U
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
V
- Pablo Valenzuela (b. 1941). Chilean biochemist and biotechnologist at Chiron Corporation (Emeryville, California), known for his genetic studies of hepatitis viruses. Member of the Chilean Academy of Sciences.
- Oxford University, known for her research on the lens and cataracts.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Donald Voet (1938–2023). American biochemist at the University of Pennsylvania known for his textbook Biochemistry.
- Judith G. Voet (b. 1941). American biochemist at Swarthmore College known for her textbook Biochemistry.
W
Wa
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Selman Waksman (1888–1973). Ukrainian-American biochemist at Rutgers University, known for discovering streptomycin and other antibiotics. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1952).
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Otto Heinrich Warburg FRS (foreign member) (1883–1970). German biochemist at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Cell Physiology (Berlin), who pioneered the study of respiration. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1931).
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. Foreign member of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
We–Wh
- Edwin C. Webb (1921–2006). British (later Australian) biochemist at the University of Queensland and Macquarie University. Editor of Enzyme Nomenclature until 1992.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, National Academy of Sciences of Argentina.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Hans Westerhoff (b. 1953). Dutch biochemist at the Universities of Amsterdam and of Manchester, known for work in systems biology and metabolic regulation.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Frederick Whatley (1924–2020). British botanist and biochemist at the University of Sydney known for work on photosynthesis.
- FEBS.
Wi–Wr
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Meir Wilchek (b. 1935). Israeli biochemist at the Weizmann Institute of Science, known especially for his work on affinity chromatography.
- Maurice Wilkins FRS (1916–2004). New Zealand and British x-ray crystallographer at King's College London, whose work on DNA played an essential part in recognizing its double-helical structure. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1962).
- Oxford University, with many contributions to understanding the role of metals in biological systems. Foreign Member of the Swedish, Portuguese, Czechoslovakian and Belgian science academies.
- Berkeley, a pioneer in molecular approaches to understand evolutionary change and reconstruct phylogenies.
- Friedrich Wöhler (1800–1882). German chemist at the University of Giessen, known for his synthesis of urea from ammonium cyanate (a nail in the coffin of vitalism). Foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Edinburgh University, geneticist, epidemiologist, statistician, etc.
- neonatal screening) and treatment of phenylketonuria.
- Dorothy Wrinch (1894–1976). British mathematical biologist at Johns Hopkins University and Smith College who argued for the cyclol structure for proteins.
X
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa, expert in application of magnetic resonance in biochemistry.
Y
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
- Cambridge University, where he was Sir William Dunn Professor for many years.
- Harden–Young ester” (fructose 1,6-bisphosphate).
Z
- self-assembling peptides. Guggenheim Fellow and Member, Austrian Academy of Sciences.
- Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
See also
Scientists in fields close to biochemistry