List of foreign recipients of the Légion d'Honneur by decade

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Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

The Legion of Honour [a] (French: Légion d'honneur) is the highest decoration in France and is divided into five degrees in ascending order: Chevalier (Knight), Officier (Officer), Commandeur (Commander), Grand Officier (Grand Officer) and Grand Croix (Grand Cross).[b]

Membership in the Legion is restricted to French nationals.[1] Foreign citizens who have served France or the ideals it upholds[2] may, however, receive a distinction of the Legion, which is broadly equivalent to membership, and can be awarded at any of the ranks. Foreign nationals who live in France are submitted to the same requirements as French nationals.[citation needed]

A complete list of the members of the Legion from 1802, when the award was established, does not exist. The number of awards is estimated at one million.[citation needed] Approximately 3,000 of these were awarded at the most senior rank of Grand Cross (including 1,200 French nationals).[3]

List of some recipients

Before 1880

1880 to 1889

1900 to 1909

1910 to 1919

1920 to 1929

1930 to 1939

1940 to 1949

1950 to 1959

French President Vincent Auriol presenting Eleanor Roosevelt with the Legion of Honor during his visit to the Roosevelt estate at Hyde Park, New York (April 4, 1951)

1960 to 1969

  • Víctor Manuel Villaseñor (1962), (México), politician and industrialist, received Commandeur 1962[56][57]
  • Varian Fry (1967), (United States), operated a refugee network from Marseille which helped over 2,000 people escape the Holocaust in 1940–41. Chevalier.

1970 to 1979

  • May Arida (1978) (Lebanon), supporter of the arts and international exchange.

1980 to 1989

  • Orson Welles (1982, Commander) (United States), actor, writer, director and producer[58]
  • Carnegie Mellon professor and computer scientist[59]
  • Rand Araskog (1987), (US), American executive[60]
  • Manuel Noriega (1987), (Panama), General commander of the Panamanian Defense Force[61]
  • Maréchal Francisco da Costa Gomes. 1984 -Grã-Cruz da Ordre National de la Légion d'honneur. [citation needed]
  • Bette Davis Film actress.

1990 to 1999

  • Prince of Asturias Award
    (1990)
  • Douglas Johnson (1990, 1997), (UK), British historian of France
  • General
    Operation Desert Storm
    .
  • Garo Vanian (1993), (Sudan), awarded Chevalier as President Director General of Ararat International for grand merits[citation needed]
  • Ivan Ceresnjes (1994), head of the Jewish community of Bosnia and Hercegovina, for non-sectarian humanitarian relief work during the Bosnian War.[62][63]
  • Richard Jenrette (1996), (US) investment banker[64]
  • Ross Steele (1996), (Australia), author and academic, received the title of Chevalier[65][66]
  • Raphaël Dinelli in the 1996 Vendée Globe sailing race[67]
  • Pamela Harriman (1997, Grand Cross), (US) United States Ambassador to France.
  • Harry Patch (1998), (UK) Britain's last surviving First World War veteran. Appointed Officer in 2009[68]
  • Fairuz (1998), (Lebanon), singer, awarded the Légion d'honneur by President Jacques Chirac.[69]
  • Arthur James Jerram awarded the Lègion d'honneur at 103 years in 1998 for service in WW1 campaign – Egyptian & Egyptian EF & Western European.
  • Frederick John Harris (1999) (UK), was awarded the Légion d'honneur at 102 years old for his service in the Royal Horse Artillery during the First World War. [citation needed]
  • Odile Schweisguth (1999), French physician and pioneer of cancer center devoted to children.[70]

2000 to 2009

(Colombia), Colombian Armed Forces Chief of Staff, Leading the Operation Jaque with success leaving in liberty Colombian-French politician Ingrid Betancourt

  • Íngrid Betancourt (2008) (Colombia), a Colombian-French politician, released after six years of captivity under the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC)[98]
  • Kutateladze Samson (2008) (Georgia), Brigade General Member of Parliament [citation needed]
  • Shimon Peres (2008) (Israel), the President[99]
  • Giorgio Armani (2008) (Italy), internationally renowned Italian fashion, furniture, and accessories designer[100]
  • Miriam Were (2008) (Kenya), health advocate[101]
  • Randa Habib (2008) (Lebanon), the Lebanese-French director of Agence France-Presse's office in Amman, Jordan[98]
  • Dame Ellen MacArthur (2008) (UK), a sailor who previously held the record for the fastest solo circumnavigation of the globe in a yacht[102]
  • Charles Durning (2008) (US), actor, in recognition of his service with distinction during World War II in France[103]
  • Alain Frecon (2008) (US), honorary consul of France, Minnesota[104]
  • Steven Spielberg (2008) (US), film director, studio executive, and producer[105]
  • David Cronenberg (2009) (Canada), film director whose credits include Crash and The Fly; appointed Chevalier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
  • Milva (Maria Ilva Biolcati) (2009) (Italy), Italian singer and actress, received the title of Chevalier of the Légion of Honour on 11 September 2009 for her contributions to French culture[106]
  • William G. Dabney (2009) (US), U.S. Army Corporal, 320th Barrage Balloon Battalion, the only all-black unit in the World War II D-Day landing
  • Dame Carol Kidu (2009) (Papua New Guinea), received the title of Chevalier, for her efforts in promoting human rights. She was the first Papua New Guinean citizen to receive the award[107][108]
  • Veran Matić (2009) (Serbia), Serbian journalist and editor-in-chief of B92 "for the fight he has always led for independence and freedom of the media"[109]
  • Ružica Đinđić (2009) (Serbia), Serbian humanitarian, widow of Prime Minister of Serbia Zoran Đinđić "because of her active work at the foundation she heads"[109]
  • Gibraltarian British couture designer, creative director of Christian Dior[110]
  • J. K. Rowling (2009) (UK), British author, writer of the Harry Potter series[111][112]
  • Ralph L. Bourgeois MD (2009) (US), Captain US Army 91st Medical Gas Treatment Battalion & Mobile Field Surgical Hospital, WW II
    CODOFIL)[113]
  • James T. Conway (2009) (US), General, United States Marine Corps Commandant[114]
  • William "Bill" Bruce Overstreet, Jr. (2009) (US), USAAF, WW II fighter pilot, with the 357th FG, 363rd FS. The "Yoxford Boys". Flew a P-51 "Mustang", named "Berlin Express". Only known Allied fighter pilot to turn in a kill while flying under the "Eiffel Tower" in Paris chasing a German Me-109. Chevalier medal, presented by Ambassador to the US Pierre Vimont at the D-Day Memorial 8 December 2009, Bedford, VA US. Vimont said of Bill Overstreet in his speech that the Legion of Honour is "The sign of my country's exceptional recognition of Captain Overstreet's heroic contribution to the liberation of France."[115][116][117][118][119]
  • Robert O. Paxton (2009) (US), Historian recognised for his expertise on the Vichy regime in France during World War II[120]
  • Steve Pisanos (2009) (US), Colonel, World War II fighter pilot who, after he was shot down, participated with the French Resistance[121]
  • Peter Sloboda (2009) (US), Army veteran of World War II – for valour and bravery during the D-Day landings, Chevalier of the Legion of Honour 2009[122]
  • Settimeo Tiberio (2009) (US), decorated World War II veteran recognised for his valour during the D-Day invasion[123][124]
  • Colonel Frederick C. Clinton, April 2009, Decorated World War II Army veteran recognized for his combat actions in the Colmar Pocket battles of January–February 1945 as a member of D Company, 254th Infantry Regiment attached to the 3rd Infantry Division.[citation needed]
  • Violette Verdy (2009) (France)[citation needed]
  • Francis Culotta (2009) (US), decorated Second Lieutenant Army veteran of World War II – Recognized for "Operation Dragoon", the invasion of southern France on Aug. 15, 1944, called the "forgotten D-Day." As Platoon Leader in Cannon Company, 143d Infantry Regiment, 36th Infantry Division, Mr. Culotta was wounded four times in France, but he and his unit pushed on through the Siegfried Line, a massive defensive wall on the German border.[125][126]

2010 to 2019

  • Lulwah Al-Qatami
    Lulwah Al-Qatami, educator and activist, first woman from Kuwait to attend university overseas, Nobel Peace Prize nominee, former Director of the Women's College of Kuwait University.[127][128]
  • Roy Alan McWilliams (born 1924) (2012) US WW II Battle of the Bulge for saving the lives of French villagers.
  • Marie Chatardová (born 1963). Czech Ambassador to France (2010–2016). Commander.[129]
  • Orlow "Buzz" Freeman Garrett (2010), American graphic artist; U.S. Army, 3rd Infantry Division, I Company, 30th Regiment (WW II)[130] Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur.
  • Toni Morrison (2010), "the greatest American woman novelist of her time" -Mitterrand 2010[131]
  • Mehriban Aliyeva (2010), Azerbaijan's first lady[132]
  • Nigeria-Sunny A. Oluseyi Jegede (2010), past chairman of the Franco-Nigerian Chamber of Commerce & Industry,
  • Vladimir Spivakov (2011) (Russia), violinist and conductor[citation needed]
  • Joseph Brodsky (2011) (Russia/US), poet and essayist; won 1987 Nobel Prize in Literature[citation needed]
  • Aleksey Venediktov (2011) (Russia), editor-in-chief of Echo of Moscow radio station[citation needed]
  • Sergey Yastrzhembsky (2011) (Russia), diplomat and politician[citation needed]
  • Emir Kusturica (2011), Serbian filmmaker[133]
  • Ambiga Sreenevasan (2011), "for her work in human rights advocacy"[134][135]
  • Iñaki Azkuna (2011) (Spain), Mayor of the city of Bilbao. [citation needed]
  • Same Ekobo Albert (2011) (Cameroun), "Professor of Medecine. Malaria Specialist"[136]
  • Eddy Merckx (2011) (Belgium), most decorated professional cyclist of all time- Comandeur of the Légion d'honneur[137]
  • Nobel Laureate in peace. Awarded the honor by French Foreign Minister Alain Juppé on 16 January 2012[138]
  • Jacinto Convit (2011) (Venezuela), physician and scientist, known for developing a vaccine in an attempt to fight leprosy and his studies to cure different types of cancer. He was nominated for a Nobel Prize in Medicine for his experimental anti-leprosy vaccine.
  • Nasrine Seraji (2011) (Iran / UK), Architect, Professor of Architecture, Dean of ENSA Paris-Malaquais from 2006 to 2016. Chevalier de l'Ordre National de la Légion d'honneur (14 July 2011)
  • Carlos Cruz-Diez (2012) (Venezuela), kinetic and op artist. He lives in Paris. He has spent his professional career working and teaching between both Paris and Caracas. His work is represented in museums and public art sites internationally
  • Georg Baselitz (2012), German artist. Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur.
  • Monique F. Leroux (2012) Canadian business woman. Knight of the Legion of Honour.[139]
  • Vinton Cerf
    (2013), American computer scientist, for the invention of the Internet, Officer of the Légion d'honneur.
  • Malvin E. Walker, American Army officer for his service in France in WW II. [citation needed]
  • Nicholas Lamia, United States Navy for his service in France in WW II. He was in the first wave on Omaha Beach. Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur (13 February 2013) [citation needed]
  • The General: Charles de Gaulle and the France He Saved[140]
  • Victor Erofeyev, Russian writer (3 October 2013) [citation needed
    ]
  • Gennady Timchenko, Russian-Finnish businessmen (12 October 2013) [citation needed]
  • George Lizanich, American Army staff sergeant for his service in France in WW II [citation needed]
  • Frances "Rusty" Rice, b. 1920, American, US Army Nurse in the Battle of the Bulge, Bastogne, France WW II, Chevalier presented 27 December 2014 [citation needed]
  • Johnie V. Arnold (2015), US Coast Guard, USS Bayfield (WW II), Normandy, Iwo Jima, Okinawa; Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur, presented in January 2015 at the Arkansas State Capitol by Sujiro Seam, the consul general of France in Houston[141]
  • Joseph Richard Burke, WO2 (ret'd),
    Toronto Scottish Regiment. Received award in the rank of Chevalier, 8 August 2015 at Royal Canadian Legion Grandona Branch 124 Iona, Nova Scotia[142]
  • Jeanne Gang (2015), American architect[143]
  • Tommy Gooch (2015), US Army, 90th Infantry Division (WW II), Normandy; Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur, presented in January 2015 at the Arkansas State Capitol by Sujiro Seam, the consul general of France in Houston[141]
  • Greggory Swarz (2015) (US) USAF Staff Sgt. of the 492nd Aircraft Maintenance Unit, for saving three French Airmen from a
    Los Llanos Air Base, Spain, where he also earned the USAF Airman's Medal.[144][145]
  • Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler, Alek Skarlatos and Spencer Stone (US) (2015), one Briton and three American travelers who subdued a gunman attacking the occupants of a Thalys train on its way from Amsterdam to Paris.[146][147]
  • Yang Ho Cho chairman, Hanjin Group (South Korea), Grand Officier of the Légion d'honneur, presented in November 2015
  • Ronald Oxley (2015) (UK), b. 1923, former Petty Officer in the Royal Navy, for his role delivering ambulances to Omaha Beach on D-Day, in landing craft LCT 727.
  • Cedrik Wasser, a British veteran, was awarded Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur in 2015 by President François Hollande for taking part in the Battle of Normandy and helping the liberation of France.
  • Alan King, a British veteran, had been appointed to the rank of Chevalier in the Ordre National de la Légion d'Honneur in 2015 by President François Hollande in recognition of his involvement in the liberation of France during the Second World War.
  • Robert Vincent Eley was appointed Chevalier in the Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur in November 2015 in recognition of his acknowledged military engagement and steadfast involvement in the Liberation of France during the Second World War.
  • Robert M Gardner (awarded December 2015) for "Invaluable contribution to the liberation of France." Gardner landed on Gold beach during the Normandy Invasion as part of the 49th West Riding Infantry Division. (Polar Bear) and went on to Fontenay-Le-Pesnel where he was involved in a heavy battle with the 12th SS Panzer Division. During this battle he was badly wounded. During his recovery he was nursed by Q.A. Sister Mary, whom later became his wife, and was with him when he received his medal 71 years later. Died 27 December 2020 age 96
  • Lance Corporal William Sutherland (born 1921, died 2015) (awarded December 2015) For his contribution to the liberation of France. Posted with the Seaforth Highlanders (51st Division, 2nd Battalion) he was part of the invading forces at Normandy and saw action in Italy and Africa. Sutherland died before he could be presented with his award.
  • Frank Edward Whalley QPM (Queen's Police Medal), retired chief superintendent with Staffordshire Police and former commandant of Eynsham Hall Police Training Centre. A corporal in the Royal Irish Fusiliers during WW II, awarded the Légion d'honneur in 2015, aged 91, in recognition for his part in the D-Day Normandy Landings (Gold Beach).[148]
  • Derrick Dighton, a British veteran, was awarded Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur in 2016 for his efforts during the D-Day landings.
  • Nasser D. Khalili, British-Iranian scholar, collector and philanthropist awarded Officier 11 April 2016 for his work in the pursuit of peace, education and culture among nations[149]
  • John Mierzejewski, Chevalier, (awarded May 2016), Private 1st Class (US Army), 29th infantry division, 16th infantry regiment, Heavy artillery gunner. Landed on Omaha Beach as part of the second wave of the invasion of Normandy.[150]
  • Lionel Barber, Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur, for European journalism[151]
  • Peter Chesney, Gunner, 109 Battery, 33 Field Regiment The Royal Artillery, Battle of Caen in the summer of 1944. Awarded Légion d'honneur at Hillingdon Hospital's Beaconsfield East Ward on Thursday, 3 November 2016, aged 92.
  • James Edward Clarke (19/01/1925-13/04/2020), Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur, awarded 25 August 2016 for his part in the liberation of France on D-Day 6 June 1944, Royal Marine. Landing Craft. Juno Beach.
  • Frederick Ernest Hart (11 November 2016), from Surrey, aged 92 years, Signalman in the Royal Navy[152]
  • Geoffrey William Penn, appointed Chevalier on 18 November 2016 in recognition of his service during the liberation of France as an officer in the Royal Signals during the Normandy Landings.
  • Monica Bellucci (24 November 2016, Knight of the Legion of Honour), Italian actress and model, awarded by François Hollande.[153]
  • Yiannis Boutaris, Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur, Mayor of Thessaloniki, Greece. Awarded 5 December 2016
  • Melinda Gates in April 2017 for their charity effort.[154]
  • Max S. Eagelfeld (30 March 2018) 12th Armored Division, 82nd Armored Medical Battalion, for service during the liberation of Alsace during World War II.[155]
  • LeRoy M Wagner was appointed Chevalier in the Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur in August 2018, in recognition of his acknowledged military engagement and steadfast involvement in the Liberation of France during the Second World War. Wagner was a Tech Sergeant. 45th Infantry Division, 157th Infantry Regiment, Anti Tank, "The Thunderbirds". Wagner died in December 2017 and was awarded posthumously.
  • Marcus "Stub" Bartusek (9 October 2018) US Army, 106th Infantry Division's 424th Regiment, Company H, 2nd Battalion with whom he participated, endured and survived the Battle of the Bulge and liberation of France in WW II.[156]
  • Nawab Ashiq Hussain Qureshi (October 2018) was appointed Chevalier in the Ordre National de la Légion D'honneur for ten years services as Honorary French Consul General in Lahore.[157]
  • Alvin Houston Perry (2019), 331st Infantry Regiment of the 83rd Infantry Division, prisoner of war (Stalag VII-A in Moosburg Germany), Purple Heart
  • Russell M. "Russ", "Buddy" Robinson, Roanoke, VA USA (b. April 6, 1923) 2nd and 1st Lt US Army Air Forces WW II bomber pilot. Captain US Army National Guard 30th Division, North Carolina, helicopter pilot until 1964. In WW II Russell was a combat B-24 Liberator Bomber pilot of the ship "Arrowhead". He flew with the 453rd BG (Heavy), 732nd BS (31 missions); 93rd BG (Heavy), 329th BS (3 missions). French President Emmanuel Macron of France signed to have the Rank of Chevalier (Knight) of the Legion de Honour bestowed upon Mr. Robinson for missions of a humanitarian nature. Russell and crew flew some missions not carrying bombs, but food stuffs/medicine/blankets for the French refugees returning from Denmark/Holland/Belgium. Missions were as dangerous as carrying bombs, as there was still German fighters and anti aircraft fire. In his absence French President Emmanuel Macron sent the French Military Attache General, and his delegation from the French Consulate in Washington, DC, US to the annual Bernard Marie WW II Dinner to Honor WW II Veterans, Roanoke, VA US. June 5, 2019.[158][159]
  • Novruz Mammadov, Prime Minister of Azerbaijan (2019) for his contribution to the cooperation between Azerbaijan and France.[160]

2020 to present

  • Alexander Crombie Cordiner (awarded 6 March 2020), b. 1924, British Army, 9th Battalion, Royal Tank Regiment, was presented with the rank of Chevalier in the Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur for his part in Operation Overlord during the Liberation of France during the Second World War.[161]
  • London (awarded Friday, 19 June 2020), in recognition of the role London and Londoners played in establishing
    Free French Forces during the Second World War
    .
  • Fairuz (Monday, 31 August 2020), awarded the Légion d'honneur for the second time by President Emmanuel Macron.[69]
  • Egyptian President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi (December 2020), awarded Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour by President Emmanuel Macron, during a visit, parts of which the French media were barred from attending.[83][162]
  • Edmund F. Lewis (Monday, 7 February 2022) (US), was awarded the Légion d'honneur at 97 years old for his service in L Company of the 259th Regiment of the 65th Division of Patton's 3rd Army during the Second World War by President Emmanuel Macron.
  • Martin E. Copenhafer (Friday, 1 April 2022) (US), was awarded the Légion d'honneur at 101 years old for his service in The United States Navy during the D-Day invasion of Normandy, France, on June 6, 1944, by President Emmanuel Macron.
  • Robert O'Brien (Thursday, June 9, 2022) former National Security Advisor, for his role in helping to free two French hostages.[163][164]
  • Samuel Meyer (awarded 27 February 2024), b. 1924, awarded the Légion d'honneur by Ambassador Laurent Bili for his service in the 485 Fighter Squadron of the 370th Fighter Group of the United States Army Air Force during the Second World War.[165]

Notes

  1. ^ The full official name is National Order of the Legion of Honour (French: Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour (Ordre royal de la Légion d'honneur).
  2. ^ The Grand Croix was issued as Grand Aigle (Grand Eagle) until 1814 and Grand Cordon until 1816.

References

  1. ^ Légion Code, article 16.
  2. ^ Les étrangers qui se seront signalés par les services qu’ils ont rendus à la France ou aux causes qu’elle soutient, Légion Code, art. 128.
  3. ^ WATTEL Michel et Béatrice, Les Grand'Croix de la Légion d'honneur. De 1805 à nos jours, titulaires français et étrangers, Archives et Culture, 2009
  4. ^ Bénézit, Emmanuel. "BARKER (Thomas-Jones)" in Dictionnaire des peintres, sculpteurs, dessinateurs et graveurs, Paris: Librairie Gründ, 1939, vol. I, p. 368.
  5. ^ Murphy, David; McGee, Owen. "Smyth, Patrick James". Dictionary of Irish Biography. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
  6. ^ Axel Klein: O'Kelly. An Irish Musical Family in Nineteenth-Century France (Norderstedt: BoD, 2014), p. 79–80.
  7. ^ Brewer, Mark, 'New Zealand and the Legion d'honneur: Officiers, Commandeurs and Dignites', The Volunteers: The Journal of the New Zealand Military Historical Society, 35(3), March 2010, p. 132.
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