List of kings of the Cimmerian Bosporus

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Sauromates II (r.AD 172–210) from the Acropolis Museum

The Bosporan kings were the rulers of the

.

After several successive periods of rule by groups such as the Sarmatians, Alans, Goths and Huns,[2] the remnants of the Bosporan Kingdom were finally absorbed into the Roman Empire by Justinian I in the 6th century AD following a revolt against the Hunnic ruler Gordas.[3][4]

List of kings

Joint rulers are indicated with indentation.

Archaeanactid dynasty (c. 480–438 BC)

The number of successors of Archaenax and their names are not known.[a] His family ruled until c. 438 BC.[1]

Spartocid dynasty (438–111 BC)

Hygiainon
Bust of a late 2nd century BC Bosporan ruler, perhaps Paerisades V

Scythian rule (111–110 BC)

Mithridatic dynasty (110 BC–AD 8)

Bust of Mithridates VI Eupator of Pontus, who also ruled as Mithridates I of the Bosporus

Tiberian-Julian dynasty (8–341)

Coin of Rhoemetalces
Rhescuporis III

Later rulers (341–527)

The end of Rhescuporis VI's reign is believed to have marked the end of the Tiberian-Julian dynasty. Details of the Bosporan Kingdom are scant thereafter but it appears to have undergone several successive periods of rule by Sarmatians, Alans, Goths and Huns.[2] There was probably a continuous sequence of rulers[2] but few names are known.[b]

Mugel's rule in the Bosporus was brief; shortly after Gordas's death

Patria Onoguria
in the north.

Family tree

This family tree covers the rulers of the Mithridatic and Tiberian-Julian dynasties. Owing to much of the sequence of Tiberian-Julian rulers being based on coinage, the relationships within the Tiberian-Julian dynasty (especially for later rulers) are largely conjectural and speculative. Conjectural and speculative lines of descent are marked with dotted lines. Though genealogical information is completely unknown for kings after Cotys III, the repeating names lead most researchers to believe that the later kings until at least 341 were part of the same continuous dynasty.[1]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Peter Truhart's Regents of Nations (2000) speculatively reconstructed the Archaeanactid dynasty as follows: Archaeanax (c. 480–470 BC), Paerisades (I) (c. 470–450 BC), Leukon (I) (c. 450–440 BC) and Sagauros (c. 440–438 BC).[5]
  2. ^ In addition to the three certain names listed below, some authors speculate that Rhescuporis VI's immediate successors were two kings named Sauromates, i.e. Sauromates V and Sauromates VI. This is based on the writings of 10th-century emperor Constantine VII. Constantine's writings describe a post-Rhescuporis VI conflict with the Bosporans which is won by the Romans and notes that this victory meant that "the kingship of the Sauromati [was] finished".[19]

References

  1. ^ .
  2. ^
    S2CID 239216873. Archived from the original
    on 2022-09-10. Retrieved 2022-05-07.
  3. ^ .
  4. ^ .
  5. .
  6. ^ .
  7. .
  8. ^ a b Mayor, A., (2009), The Poison King: the life and legend of Mithradates, Rome’s deadliest enemy, Princeton University Press, p. 345
  9. ^ Barclay Head. "Ancient coins of Pontus". Digital Historia Numorum: A manual of Greek numismatics. Retrieved 2015-03-19.
  10. ^ a b Rostovtzeff, M., Queen Dynamis of Bosporus, JHS, pp. 100-105
  11. ^ a b c Minns, E., H., Scythians and Greeks, A Survey of Ancient History and Archaeology p. 592 [1]
  12. ^ .
  13. ^ Numismatic Literature. American Numismatic Society. 1979. p. 28.
  14. ^ Choref, Michael (2020). "К истории правления Хедосбия" [To the History of the Reign of Chedosbios]. Stratum Plus Journal (in Russian). 6: 231–240.
  15. ^ a b Yartsev, Sergey V. (2019). "The Invasion of the Borans into the Bosporus in the 3rd Century AD" (PDF). Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews. 7 (6).
  16. ^ Beydin, G. V. (2016). "Готы на Боспоре: находки монет царя Фарсанза в ареале черняховской культуры" [Goths in the Bosporus: finds of coins of King Farsanz in the area of the Chernyakhov culture]. Древности. Харьковский историко-археологический ежегодник. 13: 138–149.
  17. ^
    JSTOR 42668787
    .
  18. .
  19. ^ .
  20. ^ .
  21. ^ .
  22. ^ a b "Le Bosphore Cimmérien - Suite". antikforever.com. Retrieved 2022-05-09.