List of mammals of Great Britain
This article needs additional citations for verification. (March 2011) |
Part of a series on the |
Wildlife of Great Britain |
---|
This is a list of mammals of Great Britain. The diversity of
Native (usually synonymous with "indigenous") species are considered to be species which are today present in the region in question, and have been continuously present in that region since a certain period of time. When applied to Great Britain, three possible definitions of this time constraint are:
- a species that colonised the islands during the glacial retreat at the end of the last ice age (c. 9500 years ago);
- a species that was present when the English Channel was created (c. 8000 years ago); or,
- a species that was present in prehistory.
This list includes mammals from the small islands around Great Britain and the
The following tags are used to highlight the conservation status of each species' British population, as assessed by Natural England and The Mammal Society in a Regional Red List, following the criteria of the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
EX | Extinct | No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. |
EW | Extinct in the wild | Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalised population well outside its previous range. |
CR | Critically endangered | The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild. |
EN | Endangered | The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. |
VU | Vulnerable | The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. |
NT | Near threatened | The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to in the future. |
LC | Least concern | There are no current identifiable risks to the species. |
DD | Data deficient | There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species. |
Diprotodonts
Order: Diprotodontia
Although marsupials are primarily found in the Australian region, the red-necked wallaby has been introduced to parts of Great Britain. Feral populations breed on the island of Inchconnachan on Loch Lomond in Argyll and Bute, Scotland, and on the Isle of Man. Other colonies have existed in Devon, the Peak District, and the Ashdown Forest in East Sussex, and although these are now believed to be locally extinct, occasional sightings continue.[1][2][3]
Family: Macropodidae (kangaroos, wallabies, and kin)
- Red-necked wallaby, Notamacropus rufogriseus LC[4] introduced
Rodents
Order: Rodentia
Rodents are the largest order of mammals, comprising 40% of all species. They are characterised by a single pair of continuously growing
Family: Castoridae (beavers)
- Eurasian beaver, Castor fiber LC globally, EN in Great Britain, reintroduced[5][6]
Family: Cricetidae (hamsters, voles, and kin)
- European water vole, Arvicola amphibius LC globally,[7] EN in Great Britain
- Short-tailed field vole, Microtus agrestis LC[8]
- Common vole, Microtus arvalis LC[9]
- Orkney vole, M. a. orcadensis VU[6]
- Bank vole, Myodes glareolus LC[10]
Family: Muridae (mice, rats, and kin)
- Yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollis LC[11]
- Wood mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus LC[12]
- St Kilda field mouse, A. s. hirtensis
- Eurasian harvest mouse, Micromys minutus LC[13]
- House mouse, Mus musculus LC[14]
- St Kilda house mouse, M. m. muralis EX c. 1930
- Brown rat, Rattus norvegicus LC introduced[15]
- Black rat, Rattus rattus LC[16] introduced[17]
Family:
- European edible dormouse, Glis glis LC introduced[18]
- Hazel dormouse, Muscardinus avellanarius LC globally,[19] VU in Great Britain[20]
Family:
- Eastern gray squirrel, Sciurus carolinensis LC introduced[21]
- Red squirrel, Sciurus vulgaris LC globally,[22] EN in Great Britain[6]
Lagomorphs
Order: Lagomorpha
The
Family: Leporidae (rabbits and hares)
- European hare, Lepus europaeus LC[23] introduced
- Mountain hare, Lepus timidus LC[24]
- European rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus EN[25] introduced
Eulipotyphlans
Order: Eulipotyphla
The order Eulipotyphla contains insectivorous mammals. Hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines, while gymnures look more like large rats. Shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice, while moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
Family: Talpidae (moles)
- European mole, Talpa europaea LC[26]
Family:
- Lesser white-toothed shrew, Crocidura suaveolens LC[27]
- Eurasian water shrew, Neomys fodiens LC[28]
- Common shrew, Sorex araneus LC[29]
- Eurasian pygmy shrew, Sorex minutus LC[30]
Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs and moonrats)
- European hedgehog, Erinaceus europaeus LC globally,[31] VU in Great Britain[6]
Bats
Order:
Bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
Family:
- Lesser horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus hipposideros LC[32]
- Greater horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum LC[33]
Family: Vespertilionidae (common bats, vesper bats, and kin)
- Western barbastelle, Barbastella barbastellus NT globally,[34] VU in Great Britain[6]
- Bechstein's bat, Myotis bechsteini NT[36]
- Brandt's bat, Myotis brandti LC[37]
- Daubenton's bat, Myotis daubentoni LC[38]
- Whiskered bat, Myotis mystacinus LC[40]
- Natterer's bat, Myotis nattereri LC[41]
- Lesser noctule, Nyctalus leisleri LC[42]
- Common noctule, Nyctalus noctula LC[43]
- Nathusius pipistrelle, Pipistrellus nathusii LC[44]
- Common pipistrelle, Pipistrellus pipistrellus LC[45]
- Soprano pipistrelle, Pipistrellus pygmaeus LC[46]
- Brown long-eared bat, Plecotus auritus LC[47]
- Grey long-eared bat, Plecotus austriacus NT globally,[48] EN in Great Britain[6]
- Parti-coloured bat, Vespertilio murinus LC[49]
Carnivorans
Order: Carnivora
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
Family: Canidae (dogs)
Family: Mustelidae (weasels, badgers, and kin)
- Asian small-clawed otter, Aonyx cinereus VU introduced[51]
- Eurasian otter, Lutra lutra NT[52]
- European pine marten, Martes martes LC[53]
- European badger, Meles meles LC[54]
- Stoat, Mustela erminea LC,[55]
- Least weasel, Mustela nivalis LC[56]
- European polecat, Mustela putorius LC[57]
- American mink, Neogale vison LC introduced[58]
Family: Felidae (cats)
- European wildcat, Felis silvestris LC globally,[59] CR in Great Britain[6]
- Scottish wildcat, F. s. silvestris [60]
Family:
- Grey seal, Halichoerus grypus LC[61]
- Harbour seal, Phoca vitulina LC[62]
Even-toed ungulates
Order:
The even-toed ungulates are
Family: Suidae (pigs)
Family:
- Roe deer, Capreolus capreolus LC[64]
- Siberian roe deer, Capreolus pygargus LC,[65] introduced, extirpated[66][67]
- Red deer, Cervus elaphus LC[68]
- Scottish red deer, C. e. scoticus
- Sika deer, Cervus nippon LC introduced[69]
- European fallow deer, Dama dama LC introduced[70]
- Water deer, Hydropotes inermis VU introduced[71]
- Reeves's muntjac, Muntiacus reevesi LC introduced[72]
Family: Bovidae (cattle, bison, and kin)
- European bison, Bison bonasus NT[73] reintroduced[74]
Whales and dolphins
Order: Cetacea
The order Cetacea includes
Family: Balaenidae (right whales and bowhead whales)
- North Atlantic right whale, Eubalaena glacialis CR globally, possibly extant in Great Britain[75]
Family:
- Common minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata LC[76]
- Sei whale, Balaenoptera borealis EN[77]
- Blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus EN[78]
- Fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus VU[79]
- Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae LC[80]
Family:
- Harbour porpoise, Phocoena phocoena LC globally, VU in Europe[81]
Family:
- Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus VU[82]
Family: Kogiidae (pygmy and dwarf sperm whales)
- Pygmy sperm whale, K. breviceps LC[83]
Family:
- Cuvier's beaked whale, Ziphius cavirostris LC[84]
- Northern bottlenose whale, Hyperoodon ampullatus NT[85]
- Sowerby's beaked whale, Mesoplodon bidens LC[86]
- Gervais' beaked whale, Mesoplodon europaeus LC[87]
- True's beaked whale, Mesoplodon mirus LC[88]
Family:
- White-beaked dolphin, Lagenorhynchus albirostris LC[89]
- Atlantic white-sided dolphin, Lagenorhynchus acutus LC[90]
- False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens NT[91]
- Common dolphin, Delphinus delphis LC[92]
- Common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus LC[93]
- Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba LC[94]
- Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus LC[95]
- Orca, Orcinus orca DD[96]
Locally extinct
- Eurasian elk, Alces alces
- Grey wolf, Canis lupus
- Wolverine, Gulo gulo
- Eurasian lynx, Lynx lynx
- Reindeer, Rangifer tarandus
- Brown bear, Ursus arctos
See also
- Biota of the Isle of Man
- List of endemic species of the British Isles
- List of extinct animals of the British Isles
- List of mammals of Ireland
References
- ^ "13 surprising animals you can spot in Britain". The Telegraph. 18 August 2018. Retrieved 21 August 2019.
- ^ "Unexpected wild animals in Britain – part 1". Ordnance Survey. Retrieved 21 August 2019.
- ^ Harris, Stephen; Morris, Pat; Wray, Stephanie; Yalden, Derek (1995). "A review of British mammals: population estimates and conservation status of British mammals other than cetaceans" (PDF). Joint Nature Conservation Committee. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 September 2004.
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help) - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-2.rlts.t40566a21953329.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - ^ Batbold, J.; Batsaikhan, N.; Shar, S.; Hutterer, R.; Kryštufek, B.; Yigit, N.; Mitsain, G. & Palomo, L. (2016). "Castor fiber". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T4007A115067136.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "One in five British mammals at risk of extinction". BBC News. 2018-06-12. Retrieved 2022-07-19.
- ^ Batsaikhan, N.; Henttonen, H.; Meinig, H.; Shenbrot, G.; Bukhnikashvili, A.; Hutterer, R.; Kryštufek, B.; Yigit, N.; Mitsain, G. & Palomo, L. (2016). "Arvicola amphibius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T2149A115060819.
- doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t13426a22349665.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-2.rlts.t13488a22351133.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2021-1.rlts.t4973a197520967.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2021-1.rlts.t1892a197269879.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2021-1.rlts.t1904a197270811.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2019-1.rlts.t13373a119151882.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - ^ Musser, G.; Hutterer, R.; Kryštufek, B.; Yigit, N. & Mitsain, G. (2016). "Mus musculus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T13972A115117618.
- doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t19353a165118026.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - ^ Kryštufek, B.; Palomo, L.J.; Hutterer, R.; Mitsain, G. & Yigit, N. (2015). "Rattus rattus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T19360A115148682.
- ^ Mathews, F.; Kubasiewicz, L. M.; Gurnell, J.; Harrower, C. A.; McDonald, R. A.; Shore, R. F. (2018). A Review of the Population and Conservation Status of British Mammals: Technical Summary. A report by the Mammal Society under contract to Natural England, Natural Resources Wales and Scottish Natural Heritage (PDF). Peterborough: Natural England. Retrieved 18 August 2019.
- doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2021-1.rlts.t39316a197292692.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2021-1.rlts.t13992a197519168.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - ^ "Red List for Britain's Mammals". The Mammal Society. Retrieved 2022-07-19.
- doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-2.rlts.t42462a22245728.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - ^ Amori, G.; Hutterer, R.; Kryštufek, B.; Yigit, N.; Mitsain, G. & Muñoz, L. J. P. (2010). "Sciurus vulgaris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T20025A9136220.
- ^ Hacklande, K. & Schai-Braun, S. (2019). "Lepus europaeus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T41280A45187424.
- doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2019-1.rlts.t11791a45177198.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - ^ Villafuerte, R. & Delibes-Mateos, M. (2019). "Oryctolagus cuniculus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T41291A45189779.
- doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2017-2.rlts.t41481a22320754.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-2.rlts.t29656a22296429.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t29658a22282586.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t29661a22315145.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t29667a22316362.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - ^ Amori, G. (2016). "Erinaceus europaeus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T29650A2791303.
- doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-2.rlts.t19518a21972794.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-2.rlts.t19517a21973253.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-2.rlts.t2553a22029285.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2021-1.rlts.t85199559a195834153.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - ^ Paunović, M. (2019). "Myotis bechsteinii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T14123A22053752.
- doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2020-2.rlts.t85566997a195857637.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2020-2.rlts.t85342710a195858793.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - ^ Coroiu, I.; Juste, J. & Paunović, M. (2016). "Myotis myotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14133A22051759.
- doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-2.rlts.t14134a22052250.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2020-2.rlts.t85733032a22052584.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - ^ Juste, J. & Paunović, M. (2016). "Nyctalus leisleri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14919A22016159.
- ^ Csorba, G.; Hutson, A.M. (2016). "Nyctalus noctula". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14920A22015682.
- ^ Hutson, A. M.; Spitzenberger, F.; Juste, J.; Aulagnier, S.; Palmeirim, J.; Karatas, A. & Paunovic, M. (2010). "Pipistrellus nathusii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T17316A6966886.
- doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2020-2.rlts.t85333513a196581936.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-2.rlts.t136649a21990234.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2020-2.rlts.t85535522a195861341.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2021-1.rlts.t85533333a195862345.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-2.rlts.t22947a22071456.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - ^ Hoffmann, M.; Sillero-Zubiri, C. (2016). "Vulpes vulpes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T23062A46190249.
- doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2015-2.rlts.t44166a21939068.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - ^ Roos, A.; Loy, A.; de Silva, P.; Hajkova, P.; Zemanová, B. (2015). "Lutra lutra". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T12419A21935287.
- ^ Herrero, J.; Kranz, A.; Skumatov, D.; Abramov, A.V.; Maran, T.; Monakhov, V.G. (2016). "Martes martes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T12848A45199169.
- ^ Kranz, A.; Abramov, A. V.; Herrero, J. & Maran, T. (2016). "Meles meles". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T29673A45203002.
- ^ Reid, F.; Helgen, K. & Kranz, A. (2016). "Mustela erminea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T29674A45203335.
- ^ McDonald, R. A.; Abramov, A. V.; Stubbe, M.; Herrero, J.; Maran, T.; Tikhonov, A.; Cavallini, P.; Kranz, A.; Giannatos, G.; Kryštufek, B. & Reid, F. (2019). "Mustela nivalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T70207409A147993366.
- ^ Skumatov, D.; Abramov, A.V.; Herrero, J.; Kitchener, A.; Maran, T.; Kranz, A.; Sándor, A.; Stubbe, M.; Saveljev, A.; Savour-Soubelet, A.; Guinot-Ghestem, M.; Zuberogoitia, I.; Birks, J.D.S.; Weber, A.; Melisch, R. & Ruette, S. (2016). "Mustela putorius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41658A45214384.
- doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-1.rlts.t41661a45214988.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - . Retrieved 3 August 2022.
- ^ Kitchener, A.C.; Breitenmoser-Würsten, C.; Eizirik, E.; Gentry, A.; Werdelin, L.; Wilting, A.; Yamaguchi, N.; Abramov, A. V.; Christiansen, P.; Driscoll, C.; Duckworth, J. W.; Johnson, W.; Luo, S.-J.; Meijaard, E.; O'Donoghue, P.; Sanderson, J.; Seymour, K.; Bruford, M.; Groves, C.; Hoffmann, M.; Nowell, K.; Timmons, Z.; Tobe, S. (Winter 2017). "A revised taxonomy of the Felidae: The final report of the Cat Classification Task Force of the IUCN Cat Specialist Group" (PDF). Cat News (Special Issue 11): 16−20.
- doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-1.rlts.t9660a45226042.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-1.rlts.t17013a45229114.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - ^ Keuling, O. & Leus, K. (2019). "Sus scrofa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T41775A44141833.
- ^ Lovari, S.; Herrero, J.; Masseti, M.; Ambarli, H.; Lorenzini, R. & Giannatos, G. (2016). "Capreolus capreolus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T42395A22161386.
- doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-1.rlts.t42396a22161884.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - JSTOR 1249.
- ISBN 9780643099166.
- doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2018-2.rlts.t55997072a142404453.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2015-2.rlts.t41788a22155877.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2008.rlts.t42188a10656554.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2015-2.rlts.t10329a22163569.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-2.rlts.t42191a170905827.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2020-3.rlts.t2814a45156279.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - ^ "European bison arrive near Canterbury to manage woodland". BBC News. 2022-07-18. Retrieved 2022-07-19.
- doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2020-2.rlts.t41712a178589687.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - ^ Cooke, J.G. (2018). "Balaenoptera acutorostrata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T2474A50348265.
- doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2018-2.rlts.t2475a130482064.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2008.rlts.t2477a9447146.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2018-2.rlts.t2478a50349982.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2018-2.rlts.t13006a50362794.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2018-2.rlts.t13006a50362794.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2008.rlts.t41755a160983555.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - ^ Taylor, B.L.; Baird, R.; Barlow, J.; Dawson, S.M.; Ford, J.K.B.; Mead, J.G.; Notarbartolo di Sciara, G.; Wade, P. & Pitman, R.L. (2012). "Kogia breviceps". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012: e.T11047A17692192.
- doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2020-3.rlts.t23211a50379111.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2021-1.rlts.t10707a50357742.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2020-3.rlts.t13241a50363686.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2020-3.rlts.t13245a50365198.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2020-3.rlts.t13250a50367095.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2018-2.rlts.t11142a50361346.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2008.rlts.t11141a3255721.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2018-2.rlts.t18596a145357488.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2021-2.rlts.t134817215a199893039.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2019-1.rlts.t22563a156932432.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2019-1.rlts.t20731a50374282.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2018-2.rlts.t9461a50356660.en.)
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help - ^ Reeves, R.; Pitman, R.L. & Ford, J.K.B. (2017). "Orcinus orca". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T15421A50368125.
External links
- Marshall, Claire (13 June 2018). "One in five British mammals at risk of extinction". BBC News. Retrieved 18 August 2019.
- Carrell, Severin (24 November 2016). "Beavers given native species status after reintroduction to Scotland". The Guardian. Retrieved 21 June 2023.