List of newspapers in Morocco

In 1999, the number of French language newspapers distributed in the country was 130,000 while it was 62,000 in 1981.[2] As of 2013, 71% of the papers were published in Arabic and 27% in French.^[3]

History

The first newspaper to appear in Morocco was

Al Maghrib was the first Arabic newspaper of the country, and was established in 1886.[9] In 1908 the Sultan launches "Lissan Al Maghrib" the first state owned official media in Arabic.

El Eco Mauritano (1885-1930) was a political, literary, and general interest periodical founded by Isaac Toledano and Isaac Laredo of Tangier and Agustín Lugaro of Gibraltar.^[10]

Following the

Another major publication of the early colonial period was L'Echo du Maroc, which was published in 4 editions: one for Rabat, one for Casablanca, one for the south, and one for the north.^[11] In 1919, Pierre Mas began Presse Mas, his media empire in Morocco, with his purchase of L'Echo du Maroc.^[11]

Due to the French colonial authorities' censorship of newspapers in Arabic,

Al Maghrib was the first Arabic newspaper of the country, and was established in 1886.[9] It was a local media, based in Tetouan.

The first national newspaper to be published in Arabic by Moroccans was an-Nafahat az-Zakiya fi l-Akhbar il-Maghrebiya (النفحات الزكية في الأخبار المغربية The Pleasant Notes in the News of Morocco) in 1889.^[14]

es-Saada (السعادة Happiness) was arabophone newspaper promoting the French position on events in Morocco published at the French Legation in Tangier,^[11] first appearing in 1904.^[7] With French encouragement, supporters of Abdelaziz founded as-Sabaah (الصباح) in Tangier in 1904; its editor was an Algerian named Idriss Khubzawi and it published 52 issues.^[16][17] Idhar al-Haqq (إظهار الحق), edited by a nationalist figure named Abu Bakr Ben Abd al-Wahab, was also founded in Tangier in 1904.^[18][19] After the 1906 Algeciras Conference, the Sufi leader Muhammad Bin Abd al-Kabiir al-Kataani started publishing a periodical entitled at-Taa'oon (الطاعون The Plague) in response to the colonial press and European colonialism in general.^[7]

In 1908, Sultan

In 1909, the Spanish started publishing an arabophone newspaper called Telegraph ar-Rif (تلغراف الريف),^[22] then a newspaper called al-Haqq (الحق) in 1911 to push their position.^[22] The newspaper at-Taraqqi (الترقي) also presented a colonial perspective and was published in Tangier in 1913.^[22][23] They were followed by al-Islah (الإصلاح), a quasi-official Spanish newspaper published in 1916.^[23] These publications were similar to es-Saada in their objective.^[23]

The first arabophone newspaper in Casablanca was published in 1912: al-Akhbar al-Maghrebiya (الأخبار المغربية), financed by Badar ad-Diin al-Badrawi;^[23][22] in Marrakesh, al-Janoob al-Maghrebi (الجنوب المغربي) in 1927.^[23]

Among the first colonial policies promulgated by the French authorities under the

Akhbar al-Maghreb (أخبار المغرب) was published in Darija in 1915.^[23]

an-Nidthaam (النظام) was published by an Egyptian in 1924 in Tangier.^[23]

Akhbar Teleghraphiya (أخبار تلغرافية), covering national and international news as well as the affairs of al-Majlis al-Baladi and meant to "disinform"^[25] its Moroccan audience, was published in Fes and edited by Tahar Mahawi Zidan.^[25]

al-Ittihaad al-Ghanami (الاتحاد الغنمي), syndicated throughout the Maghreb, was first published in Tunis 1929^[23]

al-Ittihaad (الاتحاد)^[26] was published in 1927 and covered all the regions of the north under Spanish control.^[23]

In the north appeared Mohammed Daoud's journal as-Salaam (السلام),^[28] the newspaper al-Hayaat (الحياة), followed by an explosion of periodicals including al-Wihdat al-Maghrebiya (الوحدة المغربية) published by Muḥammad al-Makkī an-Nāṣirī,^[11] al-Hurriya (الحرية) published by Abdelkhalek Torres,^[11] ar-Rif (الريف), and others.^[23] Al-Atlas (الأطلس)^[29] was the mouthpiece of the Moroccan Action Committee (كتلة العمل الوطني) and expressed the views of the Moroccan Nationalist Movement.^[11]

The journal Majallat al-Maghreb (مجلة المغرب) was directed by Mohamed Ben Saleh Maysa an Algerian resident of Morocco working in Rabat.^{[23][30][31][32]}

In 1937, Said Hajji of Salé founded Al-Maghrib (المغرب Morocco), a newspaper critical of French colonialism that was often censored.^[11]

The newspaper Al-Alam, speaking for the Istiqlal Party, was founded in 1946.^[33]

The National Union of Popular Forces founded Al Muharrir, which published its first edition December 1964.^[35] It was edited by Omar Benjelloun until his assassination in 1975.^[35]

Jewish press