List of proteins
This list aims to organize information on how proteins are most often classified: by structure, by function, or by location.
Structure
Proteins may be classified as to their three-dimensional
Both classification schemes are based on a hierarchy of fold types. At the top level are all alpha proteins (domains consisting of alpha helices), all beta proteins (domains consisting of beta sheets), and mixed alpha helix/beta sheet proteins.
While most proteins adopt a single stable fold, a few proteins can rapidly interconvert between one or more folds. These are referred to as
Proteins frequently contain two or more domains, each have a different fold separated by intrinsically disordered regions. These are referred to as multi-domain proteins.
Function
Proteins may also be classified based on their celluar function. A widely used classification is PANTHER (protein analysis through evolutionary relationships) classification system.[7]
Structural
Catalytic
Enzymes classified according to their Enzyme Commission number (EC). Note that strictly speaking, an EC number corresponds to the reaction the enzyme catalyzes, not the protein per se. However each EC number has been mapped to one or more specific proteins.
- List of enzymes
- EC 1: Oxidoreductases
- EC 2: Transferases
- EC 3: Hydrolases
- EC 4: Lyases
- EC 5: Isomerases
- EC 6: Ligases
- EC 7: Translocases
Transport
Immune
- Antibody
- Chemokines and their receptors
- Cytokines and their receptors
- Pattern recognition receptors
Genetic
- DNA/RNA synthesis
- DNA repair
- replication
- transcription (Transcription factor, transcriptional coregulator)
Signal transduction
Sub-cellular distribution
Proteins may also be classified by which subcellular compartment they are found.[9][10]
Nuclear
Cytosolic
Cytoskeletal
Organelle
Endoplasmic reticulum
Endoplasmic reticulum resident protein
Lysosomal
Mitochondial
Mitochondrial DNA that encode mitochondial proteins (note that some mitochondial proteins are encoded by nuclear DNA)
Chloroplast
Chloroplast DNA that encode chloroplast proteins
Cell membrane
Extracellular matrix
Plasma
Species distribution
- Mammalian
- Vertebrate
- Plant
- Bacterial proteins
- Archaeal proteins
- Viral proteins