List of regiments of the Royal Artillery (1938–1947)

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This list of regiments of the Royal Artillery covers the period from 1938, when the RA adopted the term 'regiment' rather than 'brigade' for a lieutenant-colonel's command comprising two or more batteries, to 1947 when all RA regiments were renumbered in a single sequence.[1][2][3][4]

In 1938 the RA was organised in two main branches: Field, and Coast Defence and Anti-Aircraft (CD&AA) (including anti-tank). The two branches had separate depots and administrative staffs, but the main difference was in equipment and tactical employment. However, these differences broke down as World War II progressed, when units took on multiple roles, good examples being the employment of heavy anti-aircraft guns in the medium artillery and anti-tank roles.[5][6]

In this list 'Reg' denotes a prewar unit of the

Territorial Army, including duplicate units; all others were 'war-formed' (even if some were apparently designated TA). TA duplicate units were granted their subsidiary titles in February 1942. 'Mixed' indicates a unit in which a large proportion of the personnel were women of the Auxiliary Territorial Service
. 'S/A' indicates an established Regular or TA unit placed in 'suspended animation' (as opposed to disbandment)

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Royal Horse Artillery

Traditionally the Royal Horse Artillery (RHA) provided highly mobile light field guns to support cavalry formations. By 1939 the RHA was – like the rest of the RA – completely mechanised, but its role remained essentially the same: provision of mobile artillery to armoured formations. As World War II progressed, this was increasingly achieved using Self-Propelled (SP) guns. The following regiments were designated RHA for all or part of the period:[1][7]

Field

The field regiments were the backbone of the Royal Artillery, mostly operating as integral components of the infantry and armoured divisions, with a few held at corps or army level (later in the Army Groups Royal Artillery).[1][17]

Anti-Tank

Specialist Anti-Tank (A/T) regiments began to be formed by conversion from other roles in 1938.[1][103]

(No 104th formed)

(No 108th–110th formed)

  • 111th (Devon) Anti-Tank Regiment, Royal Artillery (TA) – converted from 55th (Devon) LAA/AT Regiment September 1944[138]

(No 112th–121st formed)

Medium

Medium regiments:[1][140]

Heavy (Field Army)

Regiments of mobile heavy guns for employment in the field.[1][165]

Super Heavy

Regiments of super heavy guns (8-inch and 240 mm) for employment in the field.[1][167]

Pack, Mountain and Light

Pack/Mountain Regiments

  • 1st Mountain Regiment Royal Artillery - Formed December 1940 as 1st Pack Regiment, redesignated 1 Mountain Regiment January 1941[168]
  • 2nd Mountain Regiment Royal Artillery - Formed March 1941[168]
  • 3rd Mountain Regiment Royal Artillery - Formed December 1942, disbanded January 1946[169]
  • 7th Mountain Regiment Royal Artillery - Formed October 1943 as X Mountain Regiment but soon numbered. Disbanded November 1945[169]
  • 85th (East Anglian) Mountain Regiment Royal Artillery (TA) - Converted from 85th Field Regiment September 1943. Suspended animation September 1945[170]

Light Regiments

  • 1st Light Regiment Royal Artillery - Converted from 1st Mountain Regiment October 1944, reverted to 1st Mountain Regiment March 1945[168]
  • 5th Light Regiment Royal Artillery - Converted from 5th Field Regiment June 1945, disbanded October 1945[171]
  • 168th Light Regiment Royal Artillery - Converted from 168th Medium Regiment June 1945, disbanded February 1946[171]

Air Landing and Parachute

Survey

Survey regiments were initially organised into Survey, Sound Ranging and Flash Spotting batteries. Later this was changed to a troop of each in each battery.[175][176]

  • 1st Survey Regiment, Royal Artillery (Reg) – formed May 1939
  • 2nd Survey Regiment, Royal Artillery (Reg) – formed September 1939
  • 3rd Survey Regiment, Royal Artillery (TA) – expanded from single company November 1938[177]
  • 4th (Durham) Survey Regiment, Royal Artillery (TA) – expanded from single company November 1938[178]
  • 5th Survey Regiment, Royal Artillery (TA) – formed 1939[177]
  • 6th Survey Regiment, Royal Artillery (TA) – formed 1939, disbanded July 1940[178]
  • 7th Survey Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed January 1941
  • 8th Survey Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed February 1941
  • 9th Survey Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed March 1941
  • 10th Survey Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed December 1942
  • 11th Survey Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed December 1942

Coast Defence

Heavy Regiments (Coast)

Regiments of static heavy guns for coast defence, converted to numbered coast regiments in 1940–41:[1][179]

Coast Regiments

Regiments of static heavy guns for coast defence.[1][205]

Defence Regiments

During the invasion crisis of 1940 a number of temporary 'Defence' batteries and regiments were formed to deploy around the UK coast for general defence, though not forming part of coast artillery proper; others were formed at overseas ports.[1][210][211]

Anti-Aircraft

Heavy Anti-Aircraft

Originally, these units were simply entitled 'Anti-Aircraft' (AA), but in 1940 they were redesignated 'Heavy Anti-Aircraft' (HAA) to distinguish them from the Light AA units being formed. The great majority were disbanded or passed into S/A between August 1945 and January 1947[1][212]

(No 92nd HAA Regiment formed)

(No 195th HAA Regiment formed)

  • 196th Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed December 1942, disbanded July 1944
  • 197th Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed December 1942, disbanded April 1945
  • 198th Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed January 1943, disbanded April 1944
  • B Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed August 1941, converted to 2nd HAA Regiment, West African Artillery, October 1941
  • C Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed August 1941, converted to 3rd HAA Regiment, West African Artillery, October 1941
  • D Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed August 1941, converted to 4th HAA Regiment, West African Artillery, October 1941
  • E Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed September 1941, converted to 5th HAA Regiment, West African Artillery, December 1941
  • F Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed April 1942, converted to 15th (East Africa) HAA Regiment, East African Artillery, November 1942
  • X Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed December 1940, converted to 1st HAA Regiment, West African Artillery, May 1941
  • 1st Anti-Aircraft Fort Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed July 1943

Light Anti-Aircraft

Light Anti-Aircraft (LAA) units began to be formed from 1938, initially in the TA, many being converted from other roles.[1][268]

Light Anti-Aircraft/Anti-tank

Light Anti-Aircraft/Anti-Tank regiments were usually created by merging batteries from two separate units under a single regimental headquarters; some of these were shortlived.[1][315]

Searchlight

The following anti-aircraft searchlight (S/L) regiments served with the Royal Artillery during the period. Many of these units were transferred in August 1940 from the Royal Engineers (RE), in which they had been designated 'Anti-Aircraft Battalions'; most of these were converted infantry battalions, while other converted infantry battalions transferred directly to the RA.[1][316][317]

Anti-Aircraft 'Z' Rocket

Anti-Aircraft Z Regiments were armed with rockets fired from a simple launcher. Later in the war they could include some ATS personnel and many batteries were manned by the Home Guard with regular army command post staff. Some independent batteries served abroad. All Anti-Aircraft Z Regiments were redesignated Anti-Aircraft Area Mixed Regiments in April 1944 and all were disbanded by April 1945.[342]

  • 1st Anti-Aircraft Z Regiment RA - Formed January 1941, disbanded May 1945
  • 2nd Anti-Aircraft Z Regiment RA - Formed September 1940, disbanded April 1945
  • 3rd Anti-Aircraft Z Regiment RA - Formed September 1940, disbanded April 1945
  • 4th Anti-Aircraft Z Regiment RA - Formed September 1940, disbanded March 1945
  • 5th Anti-Aircraft Z Regiment RA - Formed September 1940, batteries disbanded January 1945
  • 6th Anti-Aircraft Z Regiment RA - Formed September 1940, disbanded March 1945
  • 7th Anti-Aircraft Z Regiment RA - Formed September 1940, disbanded April 1945
  • 8th Anti-Aircraft Z Regiment RA - Formed September 1940, batteries disbanded March 1945
  • 9th Anti-Aircraft Z Regiment RA - Formed January 1941, disbanded April 1945
  • 10th Anti-Aircraft Z Regiment RA - Formed January 1941, disbanded April 1945
  • 11th Anti-Aircraft Z Regiment RA - Formed January 1941, batteries disbanded March 1945
  • 12th Anti-Aircraft Z Regiment RA - Formed March 1941, disbanded October 1943. Batteries became independent
  • 13th Anti-Aircraft Z Regiment RA - Formed August 1941, disbanded March 1945
  • 14th Anti-Aircraft Z Regiment RA - Formed September 1941, disbanded April 1945
  • 15th Anti-Aircraft Z Regiment RA - Formed September 1941, disbanded April 1945
  • 16th Anti-Aircraft Z Regiment RA - Formed October 1942, disbanded March 1945
  • 17th Anti-Aircraft Z Regiment RA - Formed October 1942, disbanded March 1945
  • 18th Anti-Aircraft Z Regiment RA - Formed October 1942, disbanded April 1945
  • 19th Anti-Aircraft Z Regiment RA - Formed October 1942, batteries disbanded March 1945
  • 20th Anti-Aircraft Z Regiment RA - Formed October 1942, disbanded March 1945
  • 21st Anti-Aircraft Z Regiment RA - Formed December 1942, disbanded March 1945
  • 22nd Anti-Aircraft Area Mixed Regiment RA - Formed April 1944, batteries disbanded April 1945
  • 23rd Anti-Aircraft Area Mixed Regiment RA - Formed April 1944, batteries disbanded March 1945
  • 24th Anti-Aircraft Area Mixed Regiment RA - Formed April 1944, disbanded April 1945
  • 25th Anti-Aircraft Area Mixed Regiment RA - Formed April 1944, disbanded March 1945

Maritime

The Maritime Anti-Aircraft Regiment Royal Artillery initially had 3 Light Machine Gun Regiments each with two batteries and one regiment of a battery of Bofors 40 mm. Port detachments were formed to find pools of trained Light Machine Gun gunners who could be embarked as required. Eventually the machine guns were mostly replaced by 20 mm Oerlikons and 40 mm Bofors. There was no higher formation, each commanding officer reporting direct to RA6 at the War Office.[343] In September 1942 a gunner Brigadier was appointed as commander and in January 1943 the regiment was re-titled Maritime Royal Artillery. In March 1943 numbers were increased and the regiment organised into six regiments and twenty-four port detachments in Britain. There were four overseas batteries at New York, Port Said, Bombay and South Africa and four independent troops at Freetown, Sydney, Algiers and Haifa. A fifth troop was added later at Naples. In August 1945 the regiment was re-organised into 1st, 4th and 5th Regiments each with an RHQ, Training Battery and Holding Battery. There was also 2nd Regiment in India but this was not fully formed.[344]

Infantry and Garrison Regiments

Garrison Regiments

Towards the end of 1944 Britain's field armies were suffering a manpower crisis, so the Royal Artillery began converting surplus air and coast defence regiments into Garrison regiments for service in rear areas.[345]

Infantry Regiments, RA

By the beginning of 1945 the manpower crisis had deepened, and the garrison regiments were converted into infantry regiments for service on the lines of communication and occupation duties, together with other surplus regiments. Although formally these units were entitled 'Regiments, RA', the word 'Infantry' is often added (then and subsequently) for clarity.[346][347]

Training

Training regiments changed designation frequently as new roles and requirements appeared.[1][351]

  • 1st (Mixed) Royal Artillery Training Regiment (Radar) – converted from 236th Mixed Anti-Aircraft (Operators Fire Control) Training Regiment February 1944; disbanded September 1945
  • 2nd Field Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed September 1939; disbanded February 1941
  • 2nd Royal Artillery Training Regiment (Light Anti-Aircraft) – formed September 1940; disbanded October 1944
  • 2nd Mountain Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed April 1945; disbanded December 1945
  • 2nd Coast Trining Regiment, Royal Artillery – redesignated from 70th Coast Training Regiment July 1945
  • 3rd Field Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by July 1942; disbanded July 1943
  • 4th Field Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by July 1942; disbanded April 1947
  • 5th Field Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by July 1942; disbanded September 1943
  • 6th Field Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by July 1942; disbanded March 1944
  • 7th Heavy Anti-Aircraft Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; Mixed in May 1941; converted to infantry training regiment February 1945; disbanded December 1945
  • 9th Field Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by July 1942; disbanded November 1943
  • 10th Light Anti-Aircraft Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; converted to Field October 1944; converted to Specialist September 1945
  • 11th Anti-Aircraft Driver Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; disbanded November 1943
  • 12th Field Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by July 1941; disbanded May 1943
  • 16th Field Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by July 1942; disbanded October 1942
  • 21st Medium and Heavy Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by July 1942; disbanded October 1942
  • 21st Royal Artillery Training Regiment – formed September 1944
  • 22nd Medium and Heavy Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by July 1941; converted to Field August 1941; converted to Anti-Tank February 1942; disbanded November 1945
  • 23rd Medium and Heavy Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by July 1941; converted to Field August 1941; reverted to Medium and Heavy May 1945; disbanded October 1946
  • 24th Heavy Anti-Aircraft Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; became Mixed March 1942; converted to mobile LAA May 1943
  • 25th Medium and Heavy Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by August 1942; disbanded March 1944
  • 34th Signal Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by July 1941; disbanded November 1945
  • 35th Signal Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by July 1941; disbanded January 1946
  • 36th Signal Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by July 1941; disbanded August 1941
  • 37th Signal Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by July 1941; disbanded December 1943
  • 38th Signal Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by July 1941; disbanded July 1944
  • 39th Signal Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by July 1941; disbanded January 1947
  • 41st Survey Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by July 1941; disbanded August 1941
  • 50th Anti-Tank Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by July 1941; disbanded July 1943
  • 51st Anti-Tank Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by July 1942; converted to Self-Propelled March 1944
  • 52nd Anti-Aircraft Driver Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; converted to AA Signals December 1942; reverted to AA Driver March 1944; disbanded December 1945
  • 53rd Anti-Aircraft Driver Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; disbanded August 1942
  • 69th Coast Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed November 1940; disbanded December 1945
  • 70th Coast Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – converted from 2nd Heavy Regiment November 1940; redesignated 2nd Coast Training Regiment July 1945
  • 71st Coast Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed November 1940; disbanded April 1945
  • 72nd Coast Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed November 1940; disbanded January 1942
  • 73rd Coast Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed March 1941; disbanded January 1942
  • 88th Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – converted from
    88th (Manchester Regiment) Anti-Tank Regiment, Royal Artillery
    , June 1945; disbanded May 1946
  • 205th Heavy Anti-Aircraft Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; became Mixed July 1941; converted to infantry training April 1945
  • 206th Heavy Anti-Aircraft Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; became Mixed July 1941; converted to Mobile LAA May 1943; disbanded October 1945
  • 207th Heavy Anti-Aircraft Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – redesignated from 7th AA Militia Depot September 1939; became Mixed December 1941; disbanded October 1942
  • 208th Light Anti-Aircraft Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; disbanded September 1942
  • 209th Heavy Anti-Aircraft Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; became Mixed August 1941; disbanded September 1942
  • 210th Heavy Anti-Aircraft Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; became Mixed July 1941; disbanded November 1943
  • 211th Heavy Anti-Aircraft Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; became Mixed June 1941; converted to infantry training April 1945
  • 212th Light Anti-Aircraft Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; converted to Mobile LAA May 1943; disbanded October 1944
  • 213th Light Anti-Aircraft Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; disbanded June 1942
  • 216th Searchlight Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; became Mixed April 1942
  • 217th Searchlight Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; converted to AA (ATS) Driver Training May 1941
  • 220th Searchlight Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; converted to LAA May 1941; disbanded October 1944
  • 222nd Searchlight Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; became Mixed April 1942; disbanded October 1944
  • 223rd Heavy Anti-Aircraft Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; disbanded June 1943
  • 224th Light Anti-Aircraft Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; disbanded June 1942
  • 225th Light Anti-Aircraft Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; disbanded September 1942
  • 226th Light Anti-Aircraft Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; disbanded March 1942
  • 227th Anti-Aircraft Driver and Driver/OperatorTraining Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; dropped Driver/Operator December 1942
  • 228th Anti-Aircraft Driver and Driver/OperatorTraining Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; converted to AA Signals December 1942; disbanded September 1943
  • 229th Anti-Aircraft Driver and Driver/OperatorTraining Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; dropped Driver/Operator December 1942; disbanded November 1943
  • 230th Searchlight Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; disbanded April 1942
  • 231st Searchlight Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; disbanded June 1942
  • 232nd Searchlight Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; converted to ATS Operators Fire Control July 1941; disbanded February 1944
  • 233rd Searchlight Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; converted to LAA May 1941; converted to No 1 Primary Training Centre July 1942
  • 234th Searchlight Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; concerted to LAA May 1941; disbanded May 1942
  • 235th Searchlight Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; disbanded January 1942
  • 236th Searchlight Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; became 236th Mixed AA (Operators Fire Control) Training Regiment July 1943; redesignated 1st (Mixed) RA Training Regiment (Radar) January 1944
  • 237th Searchlight Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; converted to LAA November 1941; disbanded May 1942
  • 238th Searchlight Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by November 1940; converted to 'Z' July 1941; converted to LAA January 1942; disbanded March 1943
  • 239th Anti-Aircraft 'Z' Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed March 1941; converted to LAA January 1942; ; converted to No 1 Primary Training Centre October 1943
  • 240th Light Anti-Aircraft Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed by July 1941
  • 240th Anti-Aircraft 'Z' Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed August 1941; converted to HAA March 1944; converted to LAA February 1946
  • 241st Light Anti-Aircraft Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed May 1942; disbanded September 1943
  • 242nd Heavy Anti-Aircraft Training Regiment, Royal Artillery – formed May 1942; disbanded September 1943

Overseas

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Farndale, Years of Defeat, Annex M.
  2. ^ Litchfield, pp. 5–6.
  3. ^ Numeric list of Regular RA regiments at Regiments.org.
  4. ^ Numeric list of TA RA regiments at Regiments.org.
  5. ^ Monthly Army Lists 1938–39.
  6. ^ Routledge, pp. 279–80, 323–4.
  7. ^ Frederick, pp. 442–52.
  8. ^ a b c Litchfield, pp. 147–9.
  9. ^ HAC at Regiments.org.
  10. ^ a b c d Litchfield, pp. 67–8.
  11. ^ a b Essex Yeomanry at Regiments.org.
  12. ^ a b c d Litchfield, pp. 129–30.
  13. ^ a b c Lancashire Hussars at Regiments.org.
  14. ^ a b c d e Litchfield, pp, 198–9.
  15. ^ a b c d South Notts Hussars at Regiments.org.
  16. ^ a b c d Litchfield, p. 32.
  17. ^ Frederick, pp. 496–542.
  18. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x Farndale, Far East, Annex A.
  19. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Farndale, Far East, Annex K.
  20. ^ a b c Litchfield, pp. 36–8.
  21. ^ W&C Yeomanry at Regiments.org.
  22. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 116–8.
  23. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 119–20.
  24. ^ Litchfield, p. 209.
  25. ^ 2nd Wessex at Regiments.org.
  26. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 229–30.
  27. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 230–2.
  28. ^ a b 2nd Cinque Ports at Regiments.org.
  29. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 142.
  30. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 210–1.
  31. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 157–8.
  32. ^ 7th London at Regiments.org.
  33. ^ Litchfield, p. 158.
  34. ^ 8th London at Regiments.org.
  35. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 246–7.
  36. ^ Worcester Artillery at Regiments.org.
  37. ^ Litchfield, p. 237.
  38. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 255–7.
  39. ^ 1st West Riding at Regiments.org.
  40. ^ a b c Litchfield, pp. 257–8.
  41. ^ 2nd West Riding at Regiments.org.
  42. ^ a b c Litchfield, pp. 261–2.
  43. ^ Sheffield Artillery at Regiments.org.
  44. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 190–1.
  45. ^ Litchfield, p. 53.
  46. ^ 3rd Durham at Regiments.org.
  47. ^ a b c Litchfield, pp. 270–1.
  48. ^ Litchfield, p. 273.
  49. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 304–5.
  50. ^ a b c Litchfield, pp. 295–6.
  51. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 278–9.
  52. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 287–8.
  53. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 78–9.
  54. ^ 1st Glamorgan at Regiments.org.
  55. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 181–2.
  56. ^ Monmouth Artillery at Regiments.org.
  57. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 63–5.
  58. ^ 1st Essex at Regiments.org.
  59. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 101–3.
  60. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 120–2.
  61. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 122–3.
  62. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 150–1.
  63. ^ 1st London at Regiments.org.
  64. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 152–3.
  65. ^ 2nd Kent at Regiments.org.
  66. ^ Litchfield, p. 153.
  67. ^ 5th London at Regiments.org.
  68. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 50–2.
  69. ^ Dorset Yeomanry at Regiments.org.
  70. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 46–8.
  71. ^ Devon Yeomanry at Regiments.org.
  72. ^ a b c d e f g Litchfield, p. 111.
  73. ^ Kent Yeomanry at Regiments.org.
  74. ^ Litchfield, pp. 222–5.
  75. ^ Surrey Yeomanry at Regiments.org.
  76. ^ Litchfield, pp. 24–5.
  77. ^ Buckinghamshire Yeomanry at Regiments.org.
  78. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 203.
  79. ^ a b Pembroke Yeomanry at Regiments.org.
  80. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 18.
  81. ^ a b Bedfordshire Yeomanry at Regiments.org.
  82. ^ Litchfield, pp. 244–5.
  83. ^ a b c Litchfield, p. 139.
  84. ^ Litchfield, p. 161.
  85. ^ Litchfield, p. 240.
  86. ^ 2nd West Riding duplicates at Regiments.org.
  87. ^ a b c d Litchfield, pp. 57–8.
  88. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 283.
  89. ^ Farndale, Far East, Annex O.
  90. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 155.
  91. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 112–3.
  92. ^ Litchfield, p. 233.
  93. ^ Sussex Yeomanry at Regiments.org.
  94. ^ Litchfield, p. 22.
  95. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 30.
  96. ^ Litchfield, p. 20.
  97. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 280.
  98. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 140.
  99. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 293.
  100. ^ Ayrshire Yeomanry at Regiments.org.
  101. ^ Litchfield, p. 294.
  102. ^ a b 57th Newfoundland at Regiments.org.
  103. ^ Frederick, pp. 917–29.
  104. ^ Frederick, p. 443.
  105. ^ Litchfield, p. 276.
  106. ^ Litchfield, p. 156.
  107. ^ 6th London Artillery at Regiments.org.
  108. ^ Litchfield, p. 247.
  109. ^ Worcester Yeomanry at Regiments.org.
  110. ^ Litchfield, p. 253.
  111. ^ Glasgow Yeomanry at Regiments.org.
  112. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 186, 218–9.
  113. ^ Suffolk & Norfolk Yeomanry at Regiments.org.
  114. ^ a b c Litchfield, p. 124.
  115. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 225.
  116. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 267.
  117. ^ 4th DoWellington's at Regiments.org
  118. ^ a b c Litchfield, pp. 98–9.
  119. ^ 6th Hampshires at Regiments.org
  120. ^ a b c Litchfield, p 75.
  121. ^ a b c Flintshire Volunteers at Regiments.org
  122. ^ Litchfield, p. 277.
  123. ^ Litchfield, p. 157.
  124. ^ Litchfield, p. 202.
  125. ^ Oxford Yeomanry at Regiments.org.
  126. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 281.
  127. ^ Norfolk Yeomanry at Regiments.org.
  128. ^ a b c d Litchfield, p. 268.
  129. ^ Litchfield, p. 76.
  130. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 44.
  131. ^ 5th Devons at Regiments.org.
  132. ^ Litchfield, p. 136.
  133. ^ a b c Litchfield, p. 132.
  134. ^ a b c d Litchfield, pp. 135–6.
  135. ^ a b c d e Litchfield, p. 305.
  136. ^ a b c Litchfield, p. 196.
  137. ^ a b Northumberland Hussars at Regiments.org.
  138. ^ a b c d Litchfield, pp. 42–3.
  139. ^ a b c d e Litchfield, p. 242.
  140. ^ a b Frederick, pp. 725–42.
  141. ^ Litchfield, p. 214.
  142. ^ Litchfield, p. 162.
  143. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 271.
  144. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 296.
  145. ^ a b 6th Bn Royal Scots at Regiment.org.
  146. ^ Litchfield, p. 219.
  147. ^ 358th Medium Rgt at Regiments.org.
  148. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 127–8.
  149. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 27–8.
  150. ^ Flint & Denbigh Yeomanry at Regiments.org.
  151. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 275.
  152. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 215.
  153. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 163.
  154. ^ Litchfield, p. 297.
  155. ^ a b c d Litchfield, p. 220.
  156. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 206–7.
  157. ^ Shropshire Yeomanry at Regiments.org.
  158. ^ DLO Yeomanry at Regiments.org.
  159. ^ a b c Litchfield, p. 302.
  160. ^ Scottish Horse at Regiments.org.
  161. ^ Litchfield, p. 231.
  162. ^ a b c Litchfield, p. 164.
  163. ^ a b c d Litchfield, pp. 34–5.
  164. ^ Litchfield, p. 265.
  165. ^ Frederick, pp. 557–9.
  166. ^ 59th Newfoundland at Regiments.org.
  167. ^ Frederick, p. 561.
  168. ^ a b c Frederick, p. 897.
  169. ^ a b Frederick, p. 898.
  170. ^ Frederick, p. 899.
  171. ^ a b c d e Frederick, p. 555.
  172. ^ a b Frederick, p. 930.
  173. ^ Frederick, p. 530.
  174. ^ Frederick, p. 845.
  175. ^ Bellis, p. 21.
  176. ^ Frederick, pp. 876–7.
  177. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 87–8.
  178. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 54–5.
  179. ^ Frederick, pp. 613–7.
  180. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 307.
  181. ^ a b Cornwall Hvy Rgt at Regiments.org.
  182. ^ a b c d Litchfield, pp. 45–6.
  183. ^ a b c d Devon Hvy Rgt at Regiments.org.
  184. ^ a b c Litchfield, p. 49.
  185. ^ a b c Litchfield, p. 58.
  186. ^ a b c d Litchfield, p. 251.
  187. ^ a b c d East Riding Coast Rgt at Regiments.org.
  188. ^ a b c d Litchfield, p. 284.
  189. ^ a b c d e f Litchfield, pp. 298–9.
  190. ^ a b c d e f Forth Coast Rgt at Regiments.org
  191. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 81.
  192. ^ a b c d Litchfield, pp. 93–4.
  193. ^ a b c Litchfield, p. 110.
  194. ^ a b c d Kent & Sussex Hvy Rgt at Regiments.org.
  195. ^ a b c Litchfield, p. 130.
  196. ^ a b c d Litchfield, p. 301.
  197. ^ a b c d Orkney Hvy Rgt at Regiments.org.
  198. ^ a b c Litchfield, p. 204.
  199. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 96.
  200. ^ a b Princess Beatrice's Hvy Rgt at Regiments.org.
  201. ^ a b c Suffolk Hvy Rgt at Regiments.org.
  202. ^ a b c d Thames & Medway Hvy Rgt at Regiments.org.
  203. ^ a b c d Litchfield, p. 192.
  204. ^ a b c d Litchfield, p. 310.
  205. ^ Frederick, pp. 618–43.
  206. ^ 412 Coast Rgt at Regiments.org.
  207. ^ a b c Litchfield, p. 193.
  208. ^ 514th Coast Rgt at Regiments.org.
  209. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 234.
  210. ^ Farndale, Years of Defeat, p. 103.
  211. ^ Frederick, pp. 931–5.
  212. ^ Frederick, pp. 764–99.
  213. ^ 52nd HAA at Regiments.org.
  214. ^ 53rd HAA at Regiments.org.
  215. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 165.
  216. ^ 54th HAA at Regiments.org.
  217. ^ Litchfield, pp. 89–91.
  218. ^ 1st Wessex at Regiments.org.
  219. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 107.
  220. ^ 58th HAA at Regiments.org.
  221. ^ Litchfield, p. 70.
  222. ^ 7th Essex at Regiments.org.
  223. ^ 4th Londons at Regiments.org.
  224. ^ a b c Litchfield, p. 177.
  225. ^ Finsbury Rifles at Regiments.org.
  226. ^ Litchfield, p. 250.
  227. ^ 62nd HAA at Regiments.org.
  228. ^ Litchfield, p. 55.
  229. ^ a b c Litchfield, p. 131.
  230. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 266.
  231. ^ Leeds Rifles at Regiments.org.
  232. ^ Litchfield, p. 262.
  233. ^ Litchfield, p. 39.
  234. ^ Litchfield, p. 125.
  235. ^ 3rd West Lancs at Regiments.org.
  236. ^ Litchfield, p. 95.
  237. ^ Litchfield, p. 211.
  238. ^ a b c d Litchfield, p. 290.
  239. ^ 74th HAA at Regiments.org.
  240. ^ Litchfield, p. 106.
  241. ^ 75th HAA at Regiments.org.
  242. ^ Litchfield, p. 84.
  243. ^ 76th HAA at Regiments.org.
  244. ^ Litchfield, p. 80.
  245. ^ 77th HAA at Regiments.org.
  246. ^ Litchfield, p. 185.
  247. ^ 78th HAA at Regiments.org.
  248. ^ Litchfield, p. 104.
  249. ^ Litchfield, p. 21.
  250. ^ 80th HAA at Regiments.org.
  251. ^ Litchfield, p. 31.
  252. ^ Litchfield, p. 71.
  253. ^ 82nd HAA at Regiments.org.
  254. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 291.
  255. ^ 83rd HAA at Regiments.org.
  256. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 235.
  257. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 149.
  258. ^ Litchfield, p. 54.
  259. ^ Litchfield, p. 166.
  260. ^ 89th HAA at Regiments.org.
  261. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 300.
  262. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 241.
  263. ^ a b c Litchfield, p. 167.
  264. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 86.
  265. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 168.
  266. ^ Litchfield, p. 286.
  267. ^ Litchfield, p. 313.
  268. ^ Frederick, pp. 820–44.
  269. ^ City of London Yeomanry at Regiments.org.
  270. ^ Finsbury Rifles LAA at Regiments.org.
  271. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 269.
  272. ^ Litchfield, p. 299.
  273. ^ 14th LAA at Regiments.org.
  274. ^ Litchfield, p. 105.
  275. ^ Litchfield, p. 116.
  276. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 292.
  277. ^ a b c d Litchfield, p. 82.
  278. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 88.
  279. ^ a b c d Litchfield, p. 97.
  280. ^ Litchfield, p. 40.
  281. ^ Litchfield, p. 201.
  282. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 199.
  283. ^ Notts RHA at Regiments.org.
  284. ^ a b c d Litchfield, p. 143.
  285. ^ Litchfield, p. 221.
  286. ^ Litchfield, p. 309.
  287. ^ 32nd LAA at Regiments.org.
  288. ^ Litchfield, p. 83.
  289. ^ Litchfield, p. 100.
  290. ^ a b c Litchfield, p. 227.
  291. ^ Litchfield, p. 144.
  292. ^ Litchfield, p. 285.
  293. ^ 40th LAA at Regiments.org.
  294. ^ 1st Devon Artillery at Regiments.org.
  295. ^ a b Litchfield, pp. 115–6.
  296. ^ 1st East Lancs Artillery at Regiments.org.
  297. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 264.
  298. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 180.
  299. ^ a b c Litchfield, p. 56.
  300. ^ a b City of London Rifles at Regiments.org.
  301. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 274.
  302. ^ a b 51st S/L at Regiments.org.
  303. ^ a b 5th Cameronians at Regiments.org.
  304. ^ a b c Litchfield, p. 179.
  305. ^ a b 9th Middlesex at Regiments.org.
  306. ^ a b c Litchfield, p. 226.
  307. ^ a b 4th Queen's at Regiments.org.
  308. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 173.
  309. ^ a b 1st Surrey Rifles at Regiments.org.
  310. ^ a b Queen's Edinburgh at Regiments.org.
  311. ^ a b 8th Cameronians at Regiments.org.
  312. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 243.
  313. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 41.
  314. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 134.
  315. ^ Frederick, pp. 845–6.
  316. ^ Frederick, pp. 863–75.
  317. ^ Watson & Rinaldi, pp. 107–11.
  318. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 169.
  319. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 69.
  320. ^ a b c Litchfield, p. 108.
  321. ^ a b c Litchfield, p. 170.
  322. ^ 7th City of London at Regiments.org.
  323. ^ a b 19th Londons at Regiments.org.
  324. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 171.
  325. ^ a b 20th Londons at Regiments.org.
  326. ^ a b c d e Litchfield, p. 178.
  327. ^ a b c d Litchfield, p. 133.
  328. ^ 5th North Staffords at Regiments.org.
  329. ^ Robin Hood Rifles at Regiments.org.
  330. ^ a b c 5th Duke of Wellington's at Regiments.org.
  331. ^ a b c Litchfield, p. 259.
  332. ^ a b c 5th West Yorkshires at Regiments.org.
  333. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 198.
  334. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 195.
  335. ^ a b Litchfield, p. 72.
  336. ^ a b c Litchfield, p. 73.
  337. ^ a b c 6th Welch at Regiments.org.
  338. ^ a b c Litchfield, p. 182.
  339. ^ a b c 1st Monmouths at Regiments.org.
  340. ^ a b c d Litchfield, p. 174.
  341. ^ 3rd Londons at Regiments.org.
  342. ^ Frederick, pp. 847–57.
  343. ^ Farndale, Years of Defeat, p. 111
  344. ^ Frederick, p. 1038.
  345. ^ Frederick, pp. 879–80.
  346. ^ Frederick, pp. 880–3.
  347. ^ Infantry Regiments, RA, at RA 1939–45.
  348. ^ Joslen, p. 258.
  349. ^ Joslen, p. 268.
  350. ^ "BBC - WW2 People's War - Shedding Light:410 Coy 5th Royal Northumberland Fusiliers ( 53.S/L Regt. RA)". bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 26 September 2016.
  351. ^ Frederick, pp. 967–76.

Bibliography

External sources
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