List of religions and spiritual traditions
While the word religion is difficult to define, one standard model of religion used in religious studies courses defines it as
[a] system of symbols which acts to establish powerful, pervasive, and long-lasting moods and motivations in men by formulating conceptions of a general order of existence and clothing these conceptions with such an aura of factuality that the moods and motivations seem uniquely realistic.[1]
Many religions have
The word religion is sometimes used interchangeably with the words "
Some academics studying the subject have divided religions into three broad categories: world religions, a term which refers to transcultural, international faiths; Indigenous religions, which refers to smaller, culture-specific or nation-specific religious groups; and new religious movements, which refers to recently developed faiths.[5] One modern academic theory of religion, social constructionism, says that religion is a modern concept that suggests all spiritual practice and worship follows a model similar to the Abrahamic religions as an orientation system that helps to interpret reality and define human beings,[6] and thus believes that religion, as a concept, has been applied inappropriately to non-Western cultures that are not based upon such systems, or in which these systems are a substantially simpler construct.
Eastern religions
Eastern religions are the religions which originated in East, South and Southeast Asia encompassing a diverse range of eastern and spiritual traditions.[7]
East Asian religions
World religions that originated in East Asia, also known as Taoic religions; namely Taoism and Confucianism and religions and traditions descended from them.
Chinese philosophy schools
- Taojia ("School of the Tao")
- Fajia('School of Law")
- Zonghengjia ("School of Diplomacy")
- Huang–Lao
- Mojia ("School of Mo")
- Mingjia ("School of Names")
- Nongjia ("School of Agrarianism")
- Ruijia("School of Scholars")
- Yangism
- Yinyangjia ("School of Yin Yang")
- Zajia ("School of Syncretism")
Confucianism
- Confucian ritual religion
- Han Learning
- Korean Confucianism
- Lingnan Confucianism
- Neo-Confucianism
- Cheng-Zhu school
- Edo Neo-Confucianism
- Yangmingism
- New Confucianism
- New Text
- Old Text
Taoism
- Korean Taoism
- Quanzhen School ("School of the Fulfilled Virtue")
- Shangqing School ("School of the Highest Clarity")
- Way of the Five Pecks of Rice
- Way of the Celestial Masters
- Zhengyi Dao ("Way of the Right Oneness")
- Way of the Celestial Masters
Syncretic Taoism
- Dragon Gate Taoism
- Wuliupai ("School of Wu-Liu")
- Kōshin
- Xuanxue ("Neo-Taoism")
- Yao Taoism("Meishanism")
Indian religions
The four world religions that originated in the Indian subcontinent, also known as Dharmic religions; namely Hinduism, Jainism, Sikhism and Buddhism and religions and traditions descended from them.
Buddhism
- Pre-sectarian Buddhism (theorized)
- Mahayana
- Chinese Buddhism
- Tiantai
- Huayan school
- Daśabhūmikā
- Chan Buddhism
- Seon Buddhism
- Thiền Buddhism
- Trúc Lâm (syncretic)
- Zen Buddhism
- Caodong school
- Linji school
- Otokan line
- Ōbaku
- Fuke-shū
- Sanbo Kyodan
- Madhyamaka
- Nichiren Buddhism
- Honmon Butsuryū-shū
- Kempon Hokke
- Nichiren Shōshū
- Nichiren Shū
- Pure Land Buddhism
- Yogācāra
- Chinese Buddhism
- Nikaya Buddhism (also called "Hinayana")
- Theravada
- Sangharaj Nikaya
- Mahasthabir Nikaya
- Dwara Nikaya
- Shwegyin Nikaya
- Thudhamma Nikaya
- Amarapura–Rāmañña Nikāya
- Siam Nikaya
- Sri Lankan Forest Tradition
- Dhammayuttika Nikaya
- Maha Nikaya (Thailand)
- Dhammakaya Movement
- Vipassana movement (United States)
- Theravada
- Vajrayana
- Mahayana
- Navayana
Dharmic philosophy schools
- Āstika (Orthodox schools)
- Nyaya
- Mimamsa
- Samkhya
- Vaisheshika
- Vedanta
- Advaita Vedanta
- Akshar-Purushottam Darshan
- Bhedabheda
- Achintya Bheda Abheda
- Dvaitadvaita
- Dvaita Vedanta
- Pratyabhijna
- Shaiva Siddhanta
- Shiva Advaita
- Shuddhadvaita
- Vishishtadvaita
- Yoga (philosophy)
- Nāstika (Heterodox schools)
Hinduism
- Sant Mat
- Dadupanth
- Kabir panth
- Ravidassia religion
- Sadh
- Shaivism[9]
- Shaktism[9]
- Smartism
- Śrauta
- Tantra
- Vaishnavism/Krishnaism[9][10]
- Balmikism
- Bhagavata tradition
- Brahma Sampradaya
- Madhva tradition
- Gaudiya Vaishnavism
- Haridasa
- Ekasarana Dharma
- Kapadi Sampradaya
- Mahanubhava
- Nimbarka Sampradaya
- Pranami Sampraday
- Radha Vallabh Sampradaya
- Ramsnehi Sampradaya
- Rudra Sampradaya
- Sri Vaishnavism
- Vaishnava-Sahajiya
- Warkari
- Zunism (disputedly Hindu)
Syncretic Hinduism
Jainism
- Digambara
- Kanji Panth[11]
- Taran Panth
- Śvētāmbara
- Murtipujaka
- Sthānakavāsī
- Yapaniya(Historical)
Sikhism
Sects such as the Nirankari, Ramraiya and Namdhari are not accepted within the Sikh Rehat Maryada (Sikh Code of Conduct) as they believe in a current human Satguru which goes against Guru Gobind Singh Ji's Dohra in Ardaas.
- Tat Khalsa
- Udasi
- Nanakpanthi
- Nirankari
- Nirmala
- Sewapanthi
- Nihang
- Taksali
- Mina
- Ramraiya
- Namdhari
- Akhand Kirtani
- 3HO
- Sanatan Sikh
Yoga
- Ananda Yoga
- Bhakti yoga
- Hatha yoga
- Integral Yoga
- Jivamukti Yoga
- Jnana yoga
- Karma yoga
- Kripalu Yoga
- Kriya Yoga
- Kundalini yoga
- Raja yoga
- Sahaja Yoga
- Siddha Yoga
- Sivananda yoga
- Surat Shabd Yoga
- Tantric Yoga
Abrahamic religions
Christianity
Eastern Christianity- Nestorianism")
- Eastern Catholic Churches
- Albanian Greek Catholic Church
- Belarusian Greek Catholic Church
- Bulgarian Greek Catholic Church
- Byzantine Catholic Church of Croatia and Serbia
- Chaldean Catholic Church
- Greek Byzantine Catholic Church
- Hungarian Byzantine Catholic Church
- Italo-Albanian Catholic Church (a.k.a. the "Italo-Greek Catholic Church")
- Macedonian Catholic Church
- Maronite Church
- Melkite Greek Catholic Church
- Romanian Catholic Church
- Russian Greek Catholic Church
- Ruthenian Greek Catholic Church (a.k.a. the "Byzantine Catholic Church" in the United States)
- Slovak Greek Catholic Church
- Syriac Catholic Church
- Syro-Malankara Catholic Church
- Syro-Malabar Catholic Church
- Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
- (Independent Eastern Catholic Churches)
- Eastern Orthodox Church (officially the "Orthodox Catholic Church")
- Albanian Orthodox Church
- Bulgarian Orthodox Church
- Georgian Orthodox Church
- Greek Orthodox Church
- Hesychasmism
- Romanian Orthodox Church
- Russian Orthodox Church
- Serbian Orthodox Church
- Ukrainian Orthodox Church
- (Noncanonical/Independent Eastern Orthodox Churches)
- True Orthodox")
- Russian Old Believers (a.k.a. "Old Ritualists")
- Bezpopovtsy
- Popovtsy
- Non-Chalcedonian" or "Miaphysite"/"Monophysite")
- Armenian Apostolic Church
- Coptic Orthodox Church
- Syriac Orthodox Church
- St. Thomas Christiansin India)
- Ethiopian Orthodox Church
- Eritrean Orthodox Church
- St. Thomas Christiansin India)
- Spiritual Christianity
- Proto-Protestantism
- Brethren of the Free Spirit (Historical)
- Hussites (Historical)
- Lollardy (Historical)
- Strigolniki (Historical)
- Waldensians
- Protestantism
- Anabaptists (Radical Protestants)
- Amish
- Hutterites
- Mennonites
- River Brethren
- Schwarzenau Brethren
- Anglicanism
- Baptists
- Black church
- Christian deism
- Confessing Movement
- Evangelicalism
- Jesuism
- Lutheranism
- Methodism
- Calvinistic Methodists
- Holiness movement
- The Salvation Army
- Wesleyanism
- Charismatic Christianity
- Pentecostalism ("First wave")
- Charismatic movement ("Second wave")
- Neo-charismatic movement ("Third wave")
- Quakers ("Friends")
- Reformed churches
- Amyraldism (a.k.a."four-point Calvinism")
- Arminianism
- Christian reconstructionism
- Congregational churches
- Continental Reformed churches
- Swiss Reformed
- Dutch Reformed
- French Huguenot
- Neo-Calvinism
- New Calvinism
- Presbyterianism
- Zwinglianism
- Reformed Eastern Christianity
- Restoration movement
- Adventism
- Christadelphians
- Churches of Christ
- Cooneyites
- Iglesia ni Cristo
- Bible Student movement
- Latter Day Saint movement
- Millerism (Historical)
- Stone-Campbell movement (a.k.a. "Campbellites")
- Two by Twos (a.k.a. "No name church" and "Workers and Friends")[12]
- Swedenborgianism(a.k.a. "The New Church")
- Unitarianism
- Anabaptists (Radical Protestants)
- Roman Catholic Church/Latin Church(a.k.a. "Roman Catholicism" or "Catholicism")
- Anglican Ordinariate Catholics
- Charismatic Catholics
- Civil Constitution of the Clergy
- Gallicanism
- Hebrew Catholics
- Independent Catholic churches
- Liberal Catholicism
- Liberation theology
- Modernist Catholics
- Teilhardianism
- Traditionalist Catholics
- Sedevacantism
- Palmarian Catholic Church
- Sedeprivationism
- Sedevacantism
- Ultramontanism
Syncretic
- Aymara spirituality
- Bagnolians (Historical)
- Esoteric Christianity
- Martinism
- Christian Theosophy
- Christopaganism
- Christian Wicca
- God Worshipping Society (Historical)
- Judaizers (Judeo-Christian)
- Lisu
- Raramuri religion
- Rizalista
- Spiritual Baptist
- Xueta
- Yaqui religion
Other
- American Civil Religion
- Bosnian Church (Historical)
- Christian Universalism
- Nondenominational Christianity
- Nontrinitarianism
Islam
Shia Islam- Alevism
- Alawites (Nusayris)
- Isma'ilism
- Mustaali
- Dawoodi Bohra
- Alavi Bohra
- Atba-i-Malak
- Atba-i-Malak Badar
- Atba-i-Malak Vakil
- Hebtiahs Bohra
- Progressive Dawoodi Bohra
- Sulaymani
- Dawoodi Bohra
- Nizari
- Twelver
- Zaidiyyah
- Jarudiyah
- Batriyya
- Bektashi Order
- Chishti Order
- Kubrawiya
- Mevlevi Order
- Mouride
- Naqshbandi
- Ni'matullāhī
- Qadiriyya
- Roshani
- Shadhili
- Suhrawardiyya
- Sufi Order International
- Tijaniyyah
- Universal Sufism
- Kalam/Fiqh
- Ash'ari
- Maliki
- Shafi'i
- Hanbali
- Maturidi
- Hanafi
- Barelvi
- Deobandi
- Gedimu
- Athari
- Salafi
- Madkhalism
- Wahhabism
- Ahle Hadith
- Islamism
- Islamic Modernism
- Muʿtazila
Syncretic
Other
- Ahmadiyya
- European Islam
- Jadid
- Liberal movements within Islam
- Mahdavia
- Mahdist movement
- Quranism
- Riaz Ahmed Gohar Shahi
- Zikrism
Judaism
Historical Judaism
- Essenes
- Bana'im
- Hemerobaptists (possible ancestor of Mandaeism)
- Maghāriya
- Nasoraeans (possible ancestor of Mandaeism)
- Hypsistarianism
- Magarites
- Messianic sects
- Nazirite
- Pharisees (ancestor of Rabbinic Judaism)
- Sabbateans
- Sadducees (possible ancestor of Karaite Judaism)
- Second Temple Judaism
- Therapeutae
- Zealots (Judea)
- Conservative Judaism (a.k.a. Masorti Judaism)
- Humanistic Judaism
- Jewish Renewal
- Orthodox Judaism
- Haredi Judaism (a.k.a. ultra-Orthodox)
- Dor Daim
- Hardal
- Hasidic Judaism
- Misnagdim
- Sephardic Haredi
- Modern Orthodox Judaism
- Open Orthodox Judaism
- Zionism
- Haredi Judaism (a.k.a. ultra-Orthodox)
- Reconstructionist Judaism
- Reform Judaism
Other Abrahamic
Iranian religions
Manichaeism
- Athinganoi (Historical)
- Chinese Manichaeism
Yazdânism
Zoroastrianism
- Behafaridians (Historical)
- Ilm-e-Khshnoom
- Khurramites (Historical)
- Mazdakism (Historical)
- Zurvanism
Indigenous (ethnic, folk) religions
Religions that consist of the traditional customs and beliefs of particular ethnic groups, refined and expanded upon for thousands of years, often lacking formal doctrine. Some adherents do not consider their ways to be "religion", preferring other cultural terms.
African
Traditional African
- ǃKung religion
- Abwoi religion
- Acholi religion
- Afizere traditional religion
- Akan religion
- Azande traditional religion
- Bafia religion
- Baka traditional religion
- Bantu religion
- Abagusii religion
- Akamba traditional religion
- AmaMpondomise traditional religion
- Badimo
- Balondo religion
- Baluba religion
- Bamileke religion
- Bamum traditional religion
- Banyole traditional beliefs
- Bubi spirituality
- Bushongo religion
- Bwiti
- Chaga faith
- Chokwe spiritual beliefs
- Duala traditional religion
- Fipa religion
- Furiiru traditional religion
- Giriama traditional religion
- Herero traditional faith
- Himba religion
- Kikuyu traditional religion
- Kongo religion
- Kwe faith
- Lozi religion
- Luvale religion
- Makua traditional religion
- Mbole religion
- Nyakyusa religion
- Ovambo traditional religion
- Pedi traditional religion
- Songye religion
- Suku religion
- Swazi traditional religion
- Tonga religion
- Tsonga traditional religion
- Tumbuka religion
- Xhosa traditional religion
- Zulu traditional religion
- Baoule traditional religion
- Bari traditional religion
- Bassa traditional religion
- Biri traditional religion
- Bobo religion
- Bori
- Bwa religion
- Chamba traditional religion
- Dahomean religion
- Damara religion
- Dan religion
- Dinka religion
- Dogon religion
- Ebira traditional religion
- Edo traditional religion
- Efik religion
- Ekoi religion
- Esan traditional religion
- Fali traditional religion
- Frafra beliefs
- Gbagyi traditional religion
- Hadza religion
- Hyel
- Idoma traditional religion
- Ijaw traditional religion
- Inam
- Jola traditional religion
- Asisian religion
- Khoekhoen religion
- Kissi traditional religion
- Kono traditional religion
- Koore religion
- Krahn religion
- Kuku traditional beliefs
- Lobi animism
- Lotuko ethnic religion
- Lugbara religion
- Maasai religion
- Madi traditional religion
- Manjak religion
- Mbuti religion
- Moba ethnic religion
- Mursi animism
- Nso religion
- Nuer religion
- Nyongo Society
- Odinala / Odinani
- Oropom religion
- Safwa religion
- Samburu religion
- San religion
- Serer religion
- Sidama religion
- Surma religion
- Tammari traditional religion
- Temne traditional religion
- Traditional Berber religion
- Turkana traditional religion
- Urhobo traditional religion
- Vodun
- Waaqeffanna
- Yoruba religion
- Indigenous religion in Zimbabwe
Diasporic African
- Abakuá
- Arara religion
- Batuque
- Candomblé
- Comfa
- Convince
- Cuban Vodú
- Dominican Vudú
- Espiritismo
- Haitian Vodou
- Hoodoo
- Kélé
- Kumina
- Louisiana Voodoo
- Montamentu
- Myal
- Obeah
- Palo
- Quimbanda
- Santería
- Tambor de Mina
- Trinidad Orisha
- Umbanda
- Winti
Altaic
- Evenki shamanism
- Manchu shamanism
- Mongolic religion
American
- Ache traditional tribal religion
- Achuar religious beliefs
- Acoma traditional religion
- Aguaruna traditional beliefs
- Akawaio religion
- Alaska Native religion
- Ancestral Pueblo religion (Basketmaker III) (Pueblo II) (Pueblo III) (Pueblo IV)
- Andoque religion
- Anishinaabe traditional beliefs
- Apache traditional tribal religion
- Arhuaco spirituality
- Atacama religious culture
- Blackfoot religion
- Bororo totemism
- Caddo religion
- Californian traditional religions
- Calusa native religion
- Chaná religion
- Cherokee spiritual beliefs
- Chilote religion
- Choctaw religion
- Creek religion
- Croatan religious beliefs
- Crow religion
- Fuegian spirituality
- Garifuna spirituality
- Guarani religion
- Guarayos traditional religious beliefs
- Guayupe traditional religion
- Gwich'in traditional beliefs
- Haida religion
- Ho-Chunk religion
- Hopi religion
- Huaorani traditional animism
- Hupda cosmgony
- Incan religion
- Chauvin religion
- Nazca religious beliefs
- Wari' beliefs
- Illinois religion
- Innu religion
- Iroquois religion
- Mohawk traditional religion
- Seneca religion
- Wyandot religion
- Jivaroan religion
- Karankawa indigenous religion
- Kayabi traditional tribal religion
- Kalapalo beliefs
- Kalinago religion
- Kichwa religion
- Kogi traditional religion
- Kuikoro religion
- Kwakwakaʼwakw religion
- Lakota religion
- Lenape religion
- Lokono animist spirituality
- Maleku animism
- Mandan religion
- Mapuche religion
- Marajoara religion
- Matses animism
- Mesoamerican religion
- Aztec religion
- Classical Veracruz religion
- Cora religion
- Huichol traditional religion
- Maya religion
- Mixe religion
- Nagualism
- Olmec religion
- Purépecha religion
- Teotihuacan religion
- Tepehuan religious beliefs
- Tlapanec religion
- Totonac traditional religion
- Zapotec religion
- Midewiwin
- Mi'kmaq traditional religion
- Old Miskito religion
- Muisca religion
- Muzo traditional religion
- Navajo spirituality
- Nuu-chah-nulth religion
- Omaha religion
- Osage traditional spirituality
- Pawnee religion
- Parakanã shamanism
- Pech traditional religion
- Pemon traditional tribal religion
- Penobscot spirituality
- Pericues religion
- Piaroa traditional religion
- Powhatan native religion
- Puruhá traditional religion
- Q'ero spirituality
- Quechua traditional beliefs
- Rikbaktsa traditional beliefs
- Salish narratives
- Seminole traditional native religion
- Seri religion
- Shuar shamanism
- Southeastern Ceremonial Complex (religion of the Mississippian culture)
- Taensa native tribal religion
- Taino spirituality
- Tairona religion
- Talamancan religion
- Tapirape shamanism
- Tehuelche beliefs
- Ticuna shamanism
- Toba belief system
- Tlingit religion
- Tsimshian religion
- Ute religion
- Wai-Wai religion
- Wapishana religion
- Warao traditional beliefs
- Wayuu religion
- Yaruro traditional tribal religion
- Zuni religion
Austroasiatic
- Asur religion
- Birhor traditional religion
- Bru religion
- Đạo Lương
- Ka Niam Khasi
- Mon religion
- Muong ethnic religion
- Nicobarese traditional religion
- Ka Niamtre
- Paoch animism
- Santal religion
- Sarnaism
- Senoi ethnic religion
- Sora traditional beliefs
- Tampuan animism
- Ta Oi animism
Austronesian
- Amis native religion
- Aliran Kepercayaan/Mythology of Indonesia
- Dayawism
- Batak folk religion
- Bicolano religion
- Blaan folk religion
- Capiznon folk religion
- Cuyunon folk religion
- Gaddang folk religion
- Ifugao folk religion
- Ilocano folk religion
- Itneg folk religion
- Kalinga folk religion
- Kankanaey folk religion
- Karay-a folk religion
- Mangyan folk religion
- Palawan folk religion
- Pangasinan folk religion
- Sama Bajau folk religion
- Sambal folk religion
- Subanon folk religion
- Tagalog folk religion
- Tagbanwa folk religion
- Tboli folk religion
- Teduray folk religion
- Visayan folk religion
- Fomba Gasy
- Jarai religion
- Kanakanavu native religion
- Malaysian folk religion
- Micronesian religion
- Polynesian narrative
- Paiwan shamanism
- Sakizaya native religion
- Taivoan animism
- Tao native religion
Caucasian
Dravidian
- Khond traditional religion
- Kota religion
- Koyapunem
- Sauria Paharia religion
- Tamil religion
- Toda religion
Indo-European
Koreanic and Japonic
- Koshintō(Historical)
- Matagi spirituality
- Muism
- Ryukyuan religion
Melanesian and Aboriginal
- Australian Aboriginal spirituality
- Fijian ancient religion
- Kanak traditional beliefs
- Papuan religion
Negrito
- Aeta religion
- Ati animism
- Onge native religion
- Semang animism
- Vedda original religion
Paleosiberian
Sino-Tibetan
- Banrawat religion
- Bathouism
- Benzhuism
- Biate animism
- Bimoism
- Bon
- Burmese folk religion
- Chang Naga animism
- Chutia religion
- Chinese Folk Religion
- Daba
- Dingba
- Donyi-Polo
- Songsarek
- Gurung shamanism
- Hani religion
- Hnam Sakhua
- Jingpo religion
- Kan Khwan
- Karbi animism
- Karen animism
- Kiratism
- Maring beliefs
- Miji animism
- Mizo religion
- Mro religion
- Nuo folk religion
- Nyezi-No
- Qiang folk religion
- Reang religion
- Sanamahism
- Tangsa Naga animism
- Toto nature religion
- Zahv
Tai and Miao
- Hlai animism
- Kev Dab Kev Qhuas
- Kam religion
- Maonan traditional religion
- Mo
- Pa Then religion
- Qabiao religion
- Satsana Phi
- Ahom religion
- Giay animism
- Lamet religion
- Nung religion
- Saek religion
- Sui religion
- Then
Uralic
- Komi shamanism
- Mari Native Religion
Other
New religious movements
Religions that cannot be classed as either world religions or traditional folk religions, and are usually recent in their inception.[13]
Cargo cults
- John Frum
- Johnson cult
- Pomio Kivung
- Prince Philip Movement
- Vailala Madness
New ethnic religions
Black
- African Zionism
- Ausar Auset Society
- Black Muslims
- Dini Ya Msambwa
- Five-Percent Nation
- Godianism
- Igbe religion
- Moorish Science Temple of America
- Mumboism
- Nation of Islam
- Nuwaubian Nation
- African Hebrew Israelites of Jerusalem
- Church of God and Saints of Christ
- Commandment Keepers
- Israelite Church of God in Jesus Christ
- Israelite School of Universal Practical Knowledge
- Nation of Yahweh
- One West Camp
White
- Ariosophy
- British Israelism
- Christian Identity
- Creativity
- French Israelism
- Nordic Israelism
- Wotansvolk
Native American
- Ghost Dance
- Indian Shaker Church
- Longhouse Religion
- Mexicayotl
- Native American Church
- Wasshat religion
World religion-derived new religions
Abrahamic-derived
- Antoinism
- Beili Wang
- Branch Davidians
- Chrislam
- Eastern Lightning
- The Family International
- Gafatar
- Grail Movement
- Holy Spirit of Blood and Water Church
- Koreshanity
- Lalpa Kohran Thar
- Mama Tada
- Mentuhui
- Modekngei
- Noahidism
- Pai Marire
- Pilgrims of Ares
- Rātana
- Ringatu
- Spiritism
- Unification Church
- World Elijah Evangelical Mission
- Zhushenjiao
Chinese salvationist religions
- Baguadao ("Way of the Eight Trigrams")
- Dejiao ("Teaching of Virtue")
- Huangjidao ("Way of the Imperial Pole")
- Huangtiandao ("Way of the Yellow Sky")
- Huazhaidao ("Way of Flowers and Fasting")
- Jiugongdao ("Way of the Nine Palaces")
- Luandao ("Phoenix Way")
- Luoism("Way of Luo")
- Chinese religions of fasting
- Xiantiandao ("Way of Former Heaven")
- Dacheng
- Hongyangism
- Chinese religions of fasting
- Maitreyanism
- Sanyiism
- Shanrendao ("Way of the Virtuous Man")
- Taigu school
- Tiandihui
- Tiandiism
- Tianguangdao ("Way of the Heavenly Light")
- Tianxian Miaodao ("Way of the Temple of the Heavenly Immortals")
- Weixinism
- White Lotus
- Xuanyuandao ("Way of Xuanyuan")
- Yellow Sand Society
- Zailiism("Way of the Abiding Principle)
- Zhongyongdao ("Way of the Golden Mean")
Hindu reform movements
- Adidam
- Adi Dharm
- Ananda
- Ananda Ashrama
- Ananda Marga[14]
- Arya Samaj[15]
- Ayyavazhi
- Chinmaya Mission
- Hare Krishna[16]
- Mahanam Sampraday
- Mahima Dharma
- Matua Mahasangha
- Oneness Movement
- Rajneesh movement
- Satsang
- Shirdi Sai Baba movement
- Sivananda Yoga Vedanta Centres
- Sri Aurobindo Ashram
- Sri Ramana Ashram
- Swaminarayan Sampradaya
- Transcendental Meditation
Muist-derived
Neo-Buddhism
- Đạo Bửu Sơn Kỳ Hương
- Hòa Hảo
- Tứ Ân Hiếu Nghĩa
- Diamond Way Buddhism
- Falun Gong
- Guanyin Famen
- Humanistic Buddhism
- Navayana
- New Kadampa Tradition[17]
- Nipponzan-Myōhōji-Daisanga
- PL Kyodan
- Reiyūkai
- Rimé movement
- Shambhala Buddhism
- Shinnyo-en
- Soka Gakkai
- Triratna Buddhist Community
- True Buddha School
- Won Buddhism
Perennial and interfaith
- Anandamayee Sangha
- Bell religion
- Brahma Kumaris
- Caodaism
- Đạo Dừa
- Meivazhi
- Omnism
- Open-source religion
- Satya Dharma
- Sathya Sai Baba movement
- Share International
- Subud
Shinshukyo
- Aum Shinrikyo
- Happy Science
- Ijun
- Konkokyo
- Kurozumikyō
- Oomoto
- Sekai Shindokyo
- Shinmeiaishinkai
- Tenrikyo
- Tenshō Kōtai Jingūkyō
- Zenrinkyo
Sikh-derived
Modern paganism
Ethnic neopaganism
- Hetanism
- Baltic neopaganism
- Caucasian neopaganism
- Abkhaz neopaganism
- Assianism
- Celtic neopaganism
- Celtic reconstructionist paganism
- Druidry
- Heathenry (a.k.a. Germanic neopaganism)
- Hellenism
- Heraka
- Italo-Roman neopaganism
- Kemetism
- Semitic neopaganism
- Rodnovery (a.k.a. Slavic neopaganism)
- Uralic neopaganism
- Estonian neopaganism
- Suomenusko
- Hungarian neopaganism
- Mastorava
- Udmurt Vos
- Zalmoxianism
- Zuism
Syncretic neopaganism
- Adonism
- Christopaganism
- Christian Wicca
- Church of All Worlds
- Church of Aphrodite
- Cochrane's Craft
- Maria Lionza
- Druidry
- Ár nDraíocht Féin
- Order of Bards, Ovates, and Druids
- Reformed Druids of North America
- El Tio
- Feraferia
- Goddess movement
- Huna
- Ivanovism
- Krama
- Neoshamanism
- Pow-wow
- Radical Faeries
- Ringing Cedars' Anastasianism
- Santa Muerte
- Stregheria
- Summum
- Technopaganism
- Wicca
- British Traditional Wicca
- Seax-Wica
- Universal Eclectic Wicca
- Celtic Wicca
- Dianic Wicca
- Faery Wicca
- Feri Tradition
- Georgian Wicca
- Odyssean Wicca
- Wiccan church
Entheogenic religions
- Church of the Universe
- Neo-American Church
- Santo Daime
- Temple of the True Inner Light
- Tensegrity
- THC Ministry
- União do Vegetal
New Age Movement
- A Course in Miracles
- Association for Research and Enlightenment
- Chaos Magic
- Conversations with God
- Eckankar
- Love Has Won
- Rainbow Family
- The Family
New Thought
- Christian Science
- Church of Divine Science
- Church of the Truth
- Church Universal and Triumphant
- Home of Truth
- Jewish Science
- Psychiana
- Religious Science
- Seicho-no-Ie
- The Infinite Way
- Unity Church
- Universal Foundation for Better Living
Parody religions and fiction-based religions
- The All-Joking, All-Drunken Synod of Fools and Jesters
- Bokononism
- Church of Euthanasia
- Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster(a.k.a. "Pastafarianism")
- Church of the SubGenius
- The Cult of Kek
- Dinkoism
- Discordianism
- Dudeism
- Earthseed
- Eventualism
- First Church of the Last Laugh
- Gadgetology
- Googlism
- Iglesia Maradoniana
- Igreja Evangélica Pica das Galáxias
- Invisible Pink Unicorn
- Jediism
- Kibology
- Kopimism
- Landover Baptist Church
- Last Thursdayism
- Matrixism
- The Nine Divines
- 'Pataphysics
- Silinism
- Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence
- Tarvuism
- United Church of Bacon
- Zone Theory
Post-theistic and naturalistic religions
- Abrahamites
- Cosmism
- Cult of Reason
- Cult of the Supreme Being
- Deism
- Christian Deism
- Ethical movement
- Freethought
- God-Building
- Humanism
- Ietsism
- Moorish Orthodox Church of America
- Pandeism
- Panentheism
- Pantheism
- Religion of Humanity
- Saint-Simonianism
- Syntheism
- Terasem
- Theophilanthropy
- Unitarian Universalism
- Universal Life Church
UFO religions
- Aetherius Society
- Ashtar Galactic Command
- Chen Tao ("True Way")
- Fiat Lux
- Ground Crew Project
- Heaven's Gate
- Industrial Church of the New World Comforter
- Mark-Age
- Nuwaubian Nation
- Order of the Solar Temple
- Raëlism
- Scientology
- The Seekers
- Unarius Academy of Science
- Universe people
- Urantia movement
Western esotericism
- Anthroposophy
- Archeosophical Society
- Builders of the Adytum
- Cthulhu Mythos cults[19]
- Eubiose
- Fourth Way
- Fraternity of the Inner Light
- Hermeticism
- Illuminates of Thanateros
- Luciferianism
- New Acropolis
- Occultism
- Ordo Aurum Solis
- Otherkin[20]
- Rosicrucian
- Satanism
- Spiritualism
- Faithism
- Thelema
- Theosophy
- Thee Temple ov Psychick Youth
Historical religions
Prehistoric religion
- Cucuteni–Trypillia religion
- Funnelbeaker religion
- Hemudu religion
- Hongshan religion
- Linear Pottery religion
- Paleolithic religion
- Urreligion (theorized)
- Urmonotheismus (theorized)
- Urreligion (theorized)
- Varna religion
Bronze Age
- Amorite religion
- Ancient Egyptian religion
- Ancient Mesopotamian religion
- Ancient Semitic religion
- Ancient Canaanite religion
- Yahwism
- Harappan religion
- Hattian religion
- Hittite religion
- Hurrian religion
- Kassite religion
- Liangzhu religion
- Longshan religion
- Luwian religion
- Minoan religion
- Mycenaean religion
- Nordic Bronze Age religion
- Proto-Indo-European religion
- Paleo-Balkan religion
- Proto-Indo-Iranian religion
- Proto-Uralic religion
- Shang religion
- Urnfield religion
Classical antiquity
- Adena religion
- Aksumite religion
- Albanian folk beliefs
- Proto-Celtic paganism
- Ancient Greek religion
- Aryan religion
- Armenian paganism
- Basque paganism
- Cantabrian religion
- Castro religion
- Dacian religion
- Eblaite religion
- Elamite religion
- Etruscan religion
- Gallaecian religion
- Georgian paganism
- Germanic paganism
- Iberian religion
- Illyrian religion
- Iapydes religion
- Kushite religion
- Ligurian religion
- Lusitanian religion
- Lydian religion
- Nuragic religion
- Paeonian religion
- Phrygian religion
- Punic religion
- Religion in ancient Rome
- Gallo-Roman religion
- Imperial cult
- Greco-Roman mysteries
- Religion in pre-Islamic Arabia
- Samnite religion
- Scythian religion
- Sramana
- Thracian religion
- Umbrian religion
- Urartu religion
Post-classical period
- Arioi
- Balinese religion
- Baltic paganism
- Batak religion
- Bulgar religion
- Caucasian Albanian paganism
- Chimor religion
- Estonian shamanism
- Finnish shamanism
- Guanche religion
- Hungarian shamanism
- Hunnic religion
- Khitan religion
- Jamaican Maroon religion
- Lima religion
- Moche religion
- Sámi shamanism
- Slavic paganism
- Tiwanaku religion
- Tocharian religion
- Vainakh religion
- Wari religion
Other categorisations
By demographics
By area
- Religion in Africa
- Religion in Asia
- Religion in Oceania
- Religion in Europe
- Religion in North America
- Religion in South America
- Religions by country
- List of state-established religions
- Buddhism by country
- Christianity by country
- Roman Catholicism by country
- Eastern Orthodoxy by country
- Oriental Orthodoxy by country
- Protestantism by country
- Hinduism by country
- Islam by country
- Judaism by country, Jewish population by country
- Sikhism by country
See also
- Alchemy
- Ceremonial magic
- Chaos magic
- Civil religion
- Enochian magic
- Goetia
- History of religion
- Juche
- List of Catholic rites and churches
- List of mythologies
- List of pantheons
- Lists of people by belief
- List of religious organizations
- List of religious populations
- Magic
- Major religious groups
- Mythology
- Neopagan witchcraft
- Religious fundamentalism
- Witchcraft
References
- ^ (Clifford Geertz, Religion as a Cultural System, 1973)
- ^ "World Religions Religion Statistics Geography Church Statistics". Archived from the original on April 22, 1999. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ "About - the Parapsychological Association".
- ^ "Key Facts about Near-Death Experiences". Retrieved 5 March 2015.
- ^ Harvey, Graham (2000). Indigenous Religions: A Companion. (Ed: Graham Harvey). London and New York: Cassell. Page 06.
- ^ Vergote, Antoine, Religion, belief and unbelief: a psychological study, Leuven University Press, 1997, p. 89
- ISBN 0195221907.
- ^ Radhakrishnan, Sarvepalli. Vol. 1-2. Indian Philosophy (1923) Vol. 1, 738 p. (1927) Vol. 2, 807 p. Oxford University Press.
- ^ a b c Tattwananda, Swami (1984). Vaisnava Sects, Saiva Sects, Mother Worship (1st rev. ed.). Calcutta: Firma KLM Private Ltd.
- ^ Dandekar, R. N. (1987). "Vaiṣṇavism: An Overview". In Eliade, Mircea (ed.). The Encyclopedia of Religion. Vol. 14. New York: MacMillan.
- ^ "Welcome to Jainworld – Jain Sects – tirthankaras, jina, sadhus, sadhvis, 24 tirthankaras, digambara sect, svetambar sect, Shraman Dharma, Nirgranth Dharma". Jainworld.com. Archived from the original on 2011-06-07. Retrieved 2012-04-24.
- ^ Melton 2003, p. 611.
- ^ Clarke 2006.
- ^ Melton 2003, p. 1001.
- ^ Melton 2003, p. 1004.
- ^ Melton 2003, p. 997.
- ^ Melton 2003, p. 1112.
- ^ Clarke 2006, pp. 507–509, Radhasoami movements.
- JSTOR 26815942.
- JSTOR 10.1525/nr.2012.15.3.65.
Sources
- ISBN 9-78-0-415-26707-6.
- ISBN 978-1593392666.
- ISBN 0029094801.
- ISBN 978-0-7619-2729-7.
- ISBN 0-7007-1762-5.
- ISBN 0-19-514986-6.
- ISBN 978-0-19-046617-6. Archivedfrom the original on 2023-03-31.
- ISBN 978-0-7876-6384-1.
- ISBN 978-1-59884-203-6.
- Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of World Religions. Springfield, Ma: Merriam-Webster. 1999. ISBN 0-87779-044-2.