List of tallest freestanding structures
 | It has been suggested that this article be merged into List of tallest structures. (Discuss) Proposed since March 2025. |
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This is a list of tallest freestanding structures in the world past and present. To be freestanding a structure must not be supported by
partially guyed towers and drilling platforms but does include towers, skyscrapers (pinnacle height) and chimneys.[1]
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Freestanding structures (past or present) over 350 metres (1,148 ft)
- indicates a structurethat is no longer standing.
- For all structures the pinnacle height is given, so the height of skyscrapers may be different from the values at List of tallest buildings in the world.
- Structures under construction are included in the main list if their current height is over 350 metres (1,148 ft).
| # | Name | Pinnacle height (m / ft) | Year | Type | Main use | Country | City | Remarks | Coordinates | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Burj Khalifa | 828 | 2,716 | 2010 | Skyscraper | Office, residential apartments, restaurant, hotel |  United Arab Emirates
|
Dubai | Tallest freestanding structure in the world 2007–Present. Topped out in 2009. | 25°11′50.0″N 55°16′26.6″E / 25.197222°N 55.274056°E |
| 2 | Merdeka 118 | 678.9 | 2,227 | 2022 | Skyscraper | Shopping complex, office, housing properties, hotel |  Malaysia
|
Kuala Lumpur | Tallest freestanding structure in Southeast Asia. Topped out in 2022. | 3°8′30.0″N 101°42′2″E / 3.141667°N 101.70056°E |
| 3 | Tokyo Skytree | 634 | 2,080 | 2012 | Communications tower | Observation, UHF/VHF transmission, restaurant, cafe |  Japan
|
Tokyo | Tallest structure in the OECD, tallest tower in the world. | 35°42′36.5″N 139°48′39″E / 35.710139°N 139.81083°E |
| 4 | Shanghai Tower | 632 | 2,073 | 2015 | Skyscraper | Residential, observation, office |  China
|
Shanghai | Topped out in August 2013. Tallest structure in China. | 31°14′7.8″N 121°30′3.6″E / 31.235500°N 121.501000°E |
| 5 | Canton Tower | 604 | 1,982 | 2010 | Communications tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission, cafe, restaurant | China
|
Guangzhou | Topped out in 2009. | 23°06′23.3″N 113°19′28.5″E / 23.106472°N 113.324583°E |
| 6 | Makkah Clock Royal Tower
|
601 | 1,972 | 2012 | Skyscraper | Hotel, shopping mall |  Saudi Arabia
|
Mecca | Tallest clock tower in the world | 21°25′08″N 39°49′35″E / 21.41889°N 39.82639°E |
| 7 | Ping An International Finance Center
|
599.1 | 1,969 | 2017 | Skyscraper | Office, retail | China
|
Shenzhen | Topped out in 2015. | 22°32′11.03″N 114°3′1.61″E / 22.5363972°N 114.0504472°E |
| 8 | Goldin Finance 117 | 596.5 | 1,957 | – | Skyscraper | Hotel, residential, commercial offices | China
|
Tianjin | Topped out in 2015, still uncompleted in 2024. World's tallest unoccupied building.[2] | 39°5′20.65″N 117°4′48.82″E / 39.0890694°N 117.0802278°E |
| 9 | Lotte World Tower | 555.65 | 1,823 | 2017 | Skyscraper | Retail, residential, hotel, offices, observation deck |  South Korea
|
Seoul | Topped out in 2016. Tallest building in the OECD. | 37°30′45″N 127°6′10″E / 37.51250°N 127.10278°E |
| 10 | CN Tower | 553.3 | 1,815 | 1976 | Communications tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission, restaurant |  Canada
|
Toronto | World's tallest freestanding structure 1975–2007, tallest freestanding in the Western Hemisphere. | 43°38′30.67″N 79°23′14.27″W / 43.6418528°N 79.3872972°W |
| 11 | One World Trade Center | 546.2 | 1,776 | 2014 | Skyscraper | Office, observation, communication, cafe, restaurant |  United States
|
New York City | Tallest freestanding structure in the USA, second in the Western Hemisphere. | 40°42′46.8″N 74°0′48.6″W / 40.713000°N 74.013500°W |
| 12 | Ostankino Tower | 540.1 | 1,772 | 1967 | Communications tower | Observation, restaurant, UHF/VHF-transmission |  Russia
|
Moscow | World's tallest freestanding 1967–75, tallest in Europe. Renovated after a 2000 fire. | 55°49′11″N 37°36′42″E / 55.81972°N 37.61167°E |
| 13 | Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre | 530 | 1,739 | 2016 | Skyscraper | Office, residential, hotel | China
|
Guangzhou | Topped out in July 2014. | 23°7′13″N 113°19′14″E / 23.12028°N 113.32056°E |
| 14 | Tianjin CTF Finance Centre | 530 | 1,739 | 2019 | Skyscraper | Office, residential, hotel | China
|
Tianjin | 39°1′18.1″N 117°41′53.1″E / 39.021694°N 117.698083°E | |
| 15 | China Zun | 527.7 | 1,731 | 2018 | Skyscraper | Office, observation | China
|
Beijing | Tallest building in Beijing. | |
| 16 | Willis Tower (formerly Sears Tower) | 527 | 1,729 | 1974 | Skyscraper | Office, observation, UHF/VHF transmission, later United Airlines HQ[3] | United States
|
Chicago | Tallest building in the world 1974–1998 (by structural height). | 41°52′44.1″N 87°38′10.2″W / 41.878917°N 87.636167°W |
| 17 | 1 World Trade Center (1971–2001) | 526.7 [4] | 1,728 | 1973 | Skyscraper | Office, observation | United States
|
New York City | Destroyed 11 Sep 2001. Tallest freestanding structure that no longer exists; world's tallest building 1972–74. | |
| 18 | Taipei 101 | 509.2 | 1,671 | 2004 | Skyscraper | Multi-use |  Taiwan
|
Taipei | World's tallest skyscraper 2004–10, first to exceed 500 m /1,640 ft structural height. | 25°02′01″N 121°33′52″E / 25.03361°N 121.56444°E |
| 19 | Shanghai World Financial Center | 494 | 1,617 | 2008 | Skyscraper | Multi-use | China
|
Shanghai | Tallest building in China 2007–2009. | 31°14′12″N 121°30′10″E / 31.23667°N 121.50278°E |
| 20 | International Commerce Centre | 484 | 1,588 | 2010 | Skyscraper | Office |  Hong Kong
|
Hong Kong | Tallest building in Hong Kong. | 22°18′12″N 114°9′37″E / 22.30333°N 114.16028°E |
| 21 | Central Park Tower | 472 | 1,550 | 2020 | Skyscraper | Residential, retail | United States
|
New York City | World's tallest residential building | 40°45′59″N 73°58′52″W / 40.7663°N 73.9810°W |
| 22 | Landmark 81 | 470 | 1,540 | 2018 | Skyscraper | Hotel, residential, observation |  Vietnam
|
Ho Chi Minh City | ||
| 23 | Oriental Pearl Tower | 467.9 | 1,535 | 1994 | Concrete tower | Communication tower | China
|
Shanghai | Tallest structure in China (including Hong Kong), 1994–2007. | 31°14′30″N 121°29′42″E / 31.24167°N 121.49500°E |
| 24 | Lakhta Center
|
462.5 | 1,517 | 2019 | Skyscraper | Office | Russia
|
Saint-Petersburg | Russia's tallest building since 2019. | |
| 25 | John Hancock Center | 457.2 | 1,500 | 1969 | Skyscraper | Office, residential, UHF/VHF-transmission | United States
|
Chicago | World's tallest mixed-use building 1969–2008. | 41°53′55.68″N 87°37′22.8″W / 41.8988000°N 87.623000°W |
| 26 | Petronas Tower 1 | 451.9 | 1,483 | 1998 | Skyscraper | Office, observation | Malaysia
|
Kuala Lumpur | Tallest twin towers in the world. Tallest building in the world 1998–2004. | 3°09′28.26″N 101°42′41.94″E / 3.1578500°N 101.7116500°E |
| 27 | Petronas Tower 2 | 451.9 | 1,483 | 1998 | Skyscraper | Office, observation | Malaysia
|
Kuala Lumpur | 3°09′28.26″N 101°42′41.94″E / 3.1578500°N 101.7116500°E | |
| 28 | Greenland Square Zifeng Tower | 450 | 1,476 | 2010 | Skyscraper | Mixed-use | China
|
Nanjing | Topped-out in 2008. | 32°03′44.9″N 118°46′41″E / 32.062472°N 118.77806°E |
| 29 | The Exchange 106 | 445.5 | 1,462 | 2019 | Skyscraper | Office, shopping complex | Malaysia
|
Kuala Lumpur | 3°08′30.84″N 101°43′7.50″E / 3.1419000°N 101.7187500°E | |
| 30 | Empire State Building | 443.2 | 1,454 | 1931 | Skyscraper | Office, observation, UHF/VHF-transmission | United States
|
New York City | Tallest freestanding structure 1931–1967, tallest skyscraper –1973. First skyscraper with 100+ stories. | 40°44′54.0″N 73°59′09″W / 40.748333°N 73.98583°W |
| 31 | KK100 | 441.8 | 1,449 | 2011 | Skyscraper | Mixed use | China
|
Shenzhen | 22°32′47.58″N 114°6′6.63″E / 22.5465500°N 114.1018417°E | |
| 32 | Guangzhou West Tower | 440 | 1,444 | 2009 | Skyscraper | Mixed use | China
|
Guangzhou | 23°07′13″N 113°19′05″E / 23.12028°N 113.31806°E | |
| 33 | 111 West 57th Street | 435 | 1,428 | 2020 | Skyscraper | Residential | United States
|
New York City | Thinnest skyscraper in the world | 40°45′52″N 73°58′40″W / 40.76455°N 73.97765°W |
| 34 | Milad Tower | 435 | 1,427 | 2003 | Concrete tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission |  Iran
|
Tehran | Tallest structure in Iran. | 35°44′40″N 51°22′30″E / 35.74444°N 51.37500°E |
| 35 | One Vanderbilt | 427 | 1,401 | 2020 | Skyscraper | Office, observation | United States
|
New York City | 40°45′11″N 73°58′43″W / 40.7530°N 73.9785°W | |
| 36 | Marina 101 | 426.5 | 1,399 | 2016 | Skyscraper | Hotel and hotel apartments | United Arab Emirates
|
Dubai | 22°05′22.23″N 55°08′56.12″E / 22.0895083°N 55.1489222°E | |
| 37 | 432 Park Avenue | 426 | 1,396 | 2015 | Skyscraper | Residential | United States
|
New York City | 40°45′40″N 73°58′17″W / 40.76111°N 73.97139°W | |
| 38 | Trump International Hotel and Tower | 423.4 | 1,389 | 2009 | Skyscraper | Hotel, condominium | United States
|
Chicago | World's tallest concrete formwork structure upon completion. Originally planned to be the world's tallest building in 2001. | 41°53′20″N 87°37′36″W / 41.88889°N 87.62667°W |
| 39 | Jin Mao Tower | 421.5 | 1,383 | 1998 | Skyscraper | Hotel, office, observation | China
|
Shanghai | Tallest skyscraper in China, 1998–2007. | 31°14′14″N 121°30′05″E / 31.23722°N 121.50139°E |
| 40 | Kuala Lumpur Tower | 421 | 1,381 | 1995 | Concrete tower | Observation, restaurant, UHF/VHF-transmission | Malaysia
|
Kuala Lumpur | 03°09′10″N 101°42′12″E / 3.15278°N 101.70333°E | |
| 41 | GRES-2 Power Station Chimney | 419.7 | 1,377 | 1987 | Chimney | Power station |  Kazakhstan
|
Ekibastusz | Tallest chimney in the world. | 52°01′20″N 75°28′42″E / 52.02222°N 75.47833°E |
| 42 | Two International Finance Centre | 415.4 | 1,363 | 2003 | Skyscraper | Office | Hong Kong
|
Hong Kong | 22°17′06″N 114°09′33″E / 22.28500°N 114.15917°E | |
| 43 | 2 World Trade Center (1971–2001) | 415.3 | 1,362 | 1973 | Skyscraper | Office, observation | United States
|
New York City | Destroyed on 11 September 2001. | |
| 44 | Tianjin Radio and Television Tower | 415.2 | 1,362 | 1991 | Concrete tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission | China
|
Tianjin | 39°05′31″N 117°10′30″E / 39.09194°N 117.17500°E | |
| 45 | Al Hamra Tower | 414 | 1,358 | 2012 | Skyscraper | Mall, offices |  Kuwait
|
Kuwait City | World's tallest curved concrete tower | 29°22′44″N 47°59′36″E / 29.379°N 47.9932°E |
| 46 | Haeundae LCT The Sharp Landmark Tower | 411.6 | 1,350 | 2019 | Skyscraper | Hotel, residential | South Korea
|
Busan | 35°09′35″N 129°09′23″E / 35.15972°N 129.15639°E | |
| 47 | Central Radio and TV Tower | 405 | 1,329 | 1992 | Concrete tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission | China
|
Beijing | 39°55′05″N 116°18′01″E / 39.91806°N 116.30028°E | |
| 48 | CITIC Plaza | 391.1 | 1,283 | 1997 | Skyscraper | Office | China
|
Guangzhou | 23°08′40″N 113°19′10″E / 23.14444°N 113.31944°E | |
| 49 | Zhongyuan Tower | 388 | 1,273 | 2010 | Concrete/ steel tower | UHF/VHF-transmission | China
|
Zhengzhou | 34°43′29″N 113°43′22″E / 34.72472°N 113.72278°E | |
| 50 | 30 Hudson Yards | 386 | 1,268 | 2019 | Skyscraper | Office, observation, retail | United States
|
New York City | Highest outdoor observation deck in the Western Hemisphere. | 40°45′17″N 74°00′14″W / 40.754661°N 74.003783°W |
| 51 | Kyiv TV Tower | 385 | 1,263 | 1973 | Lattice tower | UHF/VHF-transmission |  Ukraine
|
Kyiv | Attacked on 1 March 2022. | 50°28′16″N 30°27′12″E / 50.47111°N 30.45333°E |
| 52 | Shun Hing Square | 384 | 1,259 | 1996 | Skyscraper | Office | China
|
Shenzhen | 22°32′43″N 114°06′21″E / 22.54528°N 114.10583°E | |
| 53 | Inco Superstack | 380 | 1,250 | 1971 | Chimney | Nickel smelter | Canada
|
Sudbury | Tallest chimney in the western hemisphere, second tallest in world. | 46°28′48.2″N 81°03′23.43″W / 46.480056°N 81.0565083°W |
| 54 | 85 Sky Tower | 378 | 1,240 | 1997 | Skyscraper | Hotel, office, observation, UHF/VHF-transmission | Taiwan
|
Kaohsiung | 22°36′42″N 120°18′0″E / 22.61167°N 120.30000°E | |
| 55 | Emirates Park Towers | 376 | 1,233 | 2012 | Skyscraper | Hotel | United Arab Emirates
|
Dubai | 25°11′08″N 55°15′24″E / 25.1856°N 55.2566°E | |
| 56 | Tashkent Tower | 374.9 | 1,230 | 1984 | Concrete/ steel tower | UHF/VHF-transmission, observation |  Uzbekistan
|
Tashkent | 41°20′44″N 69°17′4.57″E / 41.34556°N 69.2846028°E | |
| 57 | Central Plaza | 374 | 1,227 | 1992 | Skyscraper | Office | Hong Kong
|
Hong Kong | 22°16′48″N 114°10′25″E / 22.28000°N 114.17361°E | |
| 58 | Liberation Tower | 372 | 1,220 | 1993 | Concrete tower | UHF/VHF-transmission, observation | Kuwait
|
Kuwait City | 29°22′05.8″N 47°58′29.83″E / 29.368278°N 47.9749528°E | |
| 59 | Almaty Tower | 371.5 | 1,219 | 1983 | Steel tower | UHF/VHF-transmission | Kazakhstan
|
Almaty | Tallest free-standing tubular steel structure. | 43°13′44″N 76°58′34″E / 43.22889°N 76.97611°E |
| 60 | 4th Chimney of Homer City Generating Station | 371 | 1,217 | 1977 | Chimney | Power station | United States
|
Homer City, Pennsylvania | Demolished March 22, 2025 | 40°30′39″N 79°11′37″W / 40.51083°N 79.19361°W |
| 61 | Kennecott Garfield Smelter Stack | 370.4 | 1,215 | 1974 | Chimney | Copper smelter | United States
|
Magna, Utah | Tallest free-standing structure west of the Mississippi. | 40°43′18″N 112°11′52″W / 40.72167°N 112.19778°W |
| 62 | Zhoushan Island Overhead Powerline Tie North tower | 370 | 1,214 | 2010 | Lattice tower | Transmission tower | China
|
Zhoushan Island | Tallest set of electricity pylons in the world. | 29°56′2.78″N 122°2′10.12″E / 29.9341056°N 122.0361444°E |
| 63 | Zhoushan Island Overhead Powerline Tie South tower | 370 | 1,214 | 2010 | Lattice tower | Transmission tower | China
|
Zhoushan Island | Tallest set of electricity pylons in the world. | 29°54′41.39″N 122°1′26.38″E / 29.9114972°N 122.0239944°E |
| 64 | Chimney of Beryozovskaya GRES | 370 | 1,214 | 1985 | Chimney | Power station | Russia
|
Sharypovo | Tallest chimney in Russia. | 55°34′46″N 89°04′21″E / 55.57944°N 89.07250°E |
| 65 | Riga Radio and TV Tower | 368.5 | 1,209 | 1987 | Steel tower | UHF/VHF-transmission, observation |  Latvia
|
Riga | Tallest structure in the European Union. | 56°55′26″N 24°08′14″E / 56.92389°N 24.13722°E |
| 66 | Berliner Fernsehturm | 368 | 1,207 | 1969 | Concrete tower | Restaurant, UHF/VHF-transmission, observation |  Germany
|
Berlin | Tallest structure in Germany. | 52°31′15″N 13°24′34″E / 52.52083°N 13.40944°E |
| 67 | 2nd Chimney of Mitchell Power Plant | 367.6 | 1,206 | 1968 | Chimney | Power station | United States
|
Moundsville, West Virginia | 39°54′32.16″N 80°45′41.53″W / 39.9089333°N 80.7615361°W | |
| 68 | Bank of China Tower | 367.4 | 1,205 | 1990 | Skyscraper | Office | Hong Kong
|
Hong Kong | First skyscraper outside the USA to exceed 1,000 ft (305 metres). | 22°16′45″N 114°09′41″E / 22.27917°N 114.16139°E |
| 69 | Bank of America Tower (Manhattan) | 366 | 1,200 | 2009 | Skyscraper | Office | United States
|
New York City | 40°45′19″N 73°59′03″W / 40.75528°N 73.98417°W | |
| 70 | Aon Center | 362.5 | 1,189 | 1973 | Skyscraper | United States
|
Chicago | 41°53′07″N 87°37′17″W / 41.88528°N 87.62139°W | ||
| 71 | Trbovlje Power Station | 360 | 1,183 | 1976 | Chimney | Power station |  Slovenia
|
Trbovlje | Tallest chimney in Europe. | 46°07′33.37″N 15°03′43.23″E / 46.1259361°N 15.0620083°E |
| 72 | Almas Tower | 360 | 1,181 | 2008 | Skyscraper | Office | UAE
|
Dubai | 25°4′8.25″N 55°8′28.34″E / 25.0689583°N 55.1412056°E | |
| 73 | The Pinnacle | 360 | 1,181 | 2011 | Skyscraper | Mixed use | China
|
Guangzhou | 23°07′40″N 113°19′05″E / 23.1278°N 113.3180°E | |
| 74 | Endesa Termic | 356 | 1,168 | 1974 | Chimney | Power station |  Spain
|
As Pontes, Galicia | 43°26′29″N 7°51′45.50″W / 43.44139°N 7.8626389°W | |
| 75 | SEG Plaza | 355.8 | 1,167 | 2000 | Skyscraper | Office | China
|
Shenzhen | 22°32′39.5″N 114°04′57.5″E / 22.544306°N 114.082639°E | |
| 76 | First Canadian Place | 355 | 1,165 | 1975 | Skyscraper | Office, UHF/VHF-transmission | Canada
|
Toronto | Tallest skyscraper in Canada. | 43°38′55″N 79°22′54″W / 43.64861°N 79.38167°W |
| 77 | Emirates Office Tower | 354.6 | 1,163 | 2000 | Skyscraper | Office | UAE
|
Dubai | 25°07′49″N 55°09′57″E / 25.13028°N 55.16583°E | |
| 78 | Chimney of Phoenix Copper Smelter | 351.5 | 1,153 | 1995 | Chimney | Copper smelter |  Romania
|
Baia Mare | Tallest structure in Romania. | 47°39′10″N 23°36′19″E / 47.65278°N 23.60528°E |
| 79 | Stratosphere Tower | 350.2 | 1,149 | 1996 | Concrete tower | Observation, ride | United States
|
Las Vegas | Tallest observation tower in the USA. | 36°08′50″N 115°9′19″W / 36.14722°N 115.15528°W |
| 80 | Colombo Lotus Tower | 350 | 1,150 | 2018 | Concrete tower | Communication, Observation |  Sri Lanka
|
Colombo | Tallest structure in South Asia. | 06°55′37″N 79°51′30″E / 6.92694°N 79.85833°E |
| 81 | 3rd Chimney of Syrdarya Power Plant | 350 | 1,148 | 1980 | Chimney | Power station | Uzbekistan
|
Shirin | 40°13′41″N 69°6′2″E / 40.22806°N 69.10056°E | |
Other freestanding structures (past or present): between 300 metres (984 ft) and 350 metres (1,148 ft)
| Name | Pinnacle height (metres / feet) | Year | Structural type | Main use | Country | City | Remarks | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yangtze River Crossing North Tower
|
347 | 1,138 | 2003 | Lattice tower | Electricity pylon
|
China
|
Jiangyin | Second tallest set of electricity pylons in the world |
Yangtze River Crossing South Tower
|
347 | 1,138 | 2003 | Lattice tower | Electricity pylon
|
China
|
Jiangyin | Second tallest set of electricity pylons in the world |
| The Center | 346 | 1,135 | 1998 | Skyscraper | Hong Kong
|
Hong Kong | ||
| Neva tower 2 | 345 | 1,132 | 2019 | Skyscraper | Russia
|
Moscow | ||
| Chimney of Teruel Power Plant | 343 | 1,125 | 1981 | Chimney | Power station | Spain
|
Teruel | |
| Chimney of Teruel Power Plant | 343 | 1,125 | 1981 | Chimney | Power station | Spain
|
Teruel | |
| 4 Times Square | 340.7 | 1,118 | 2000 | Skyscraper | United States
|
New York City | ||
| Chimney of Plomin Power Station | 340 | 1,115 | ? | Chimney | Power station |  Croatia
|
Plomin | |
| Mercury City Tower | 338.8 | 1,112 | 2012 | Skyscraper | Russia
|
Moscow | ||
| West Pearl Tower | 338 | 1,109 | 2004 | Concrete tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission | China
|
Chengdu | |
| Macau Tower | 338 | 1,109 | 2001 | Concrete tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission |  Macau, China
|
Macau | |
| Europaturm | 337.5 | 1,107 | 1979 | Concrete tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission | Germany
|
Frankfurt/Main | |
| Chimney of Power Station Westerholt
|
337 | 1,106 | 1981 | Chimney | Power station | Germany
|
Gelsenkirchen, North Rhine-Westphalia | Demolished on 3 December 2006. Tallest free-standing structure ever demolished in a controlled manner. |
| The Marina Torch | 336.1 | 1,105 | 2011 | Skyscraper | Residential | United Arab Emirates
|
Dubai | Damaged by fire in 2015. |
| Wilshire Grand Center | 336 | 1,102 | 2017 | Skyscraper | Office / Hotel | United States
|
Los Angeles | Tallest skyscraper in North America located west of the Mississippi River. |
| Chimney of Mountaineer Power Plant | 336 | 1,102 | 1980 | Chimney | Power station | United States
|
New Haven, West Virginia | |
| Dragon Tower | 336 | 1,102 | 2000 | Lattice tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission | China
|
Harbin | |
| Chimney of the Cuciurgan power station | 335 | 1,099 | 1980 | Chimney | Power plant |  Republic of Moldova
|
Nezavertailovca[5] | |
Rose Tower
|
333 | 1,093 | 2007 | Skyscraper | United Arab Emirates
|
Dubai | ||
| Shimao International Plaza | 333 | 1,093 | 2006 | Skyscraper | China
|
Shanghai | ||
Parc1 Tower A
|
333 | 1,093 | 2020 | Skyscraper | Office | South Korea
|
Seoul | |
| Tokyo Tower | 332.6 | 1,091 | 1958 | Lattice tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission | Japan
|
Tokyo | Second tallest structure in Japan. |
| Minsheng Bank Building | 331 | 1,087 | 2007 | Skyscraper | China
|
Wuhan | ||
Emley Moor TV Tower
|
330.4 | 1,084 | 1970 | Concrete tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission |  United Kingdom
|
Huddersfield, Yorkshire | Tallest structure in the United Kingdom. |
| Eiffel Tower | 330 | 1,083 | 1889 | Lattice tower | Observation, restaurant, UHF/VHF-transmission |  France
|
Paris | Tallest structure in the world from 1889 to 1930; first structure to exceed 300 metres in height. |
| Ryugyong Hotel | 330 | 1,083 | 1992 | Skyscraper |  North Korea
|
Pyongyang | ||
| Chimney of Ekibastuz GRES-1 | 330 | 1,083 | 1982 | Chimney | Power station | Kazakhstan
|
Ekibastuz[6]
|
|
| 2 Chimneys of Permskaya GRES | 330 | 1,083 | 1987/1990 | Chimney | Power station | Russia
|
Dobryanka | |
| 2 Chimneys of Reftinskaya GRES | 330 | 1,083 | 1980 | Chimney | Power station | Russia
|
Reftinskiy | |
| Chimney of Kharkiv TEC-5 | 330 | 1,083 | 1981 | Chimney | Power station | Ukraine
|
Podvirky, Kharkiv Oblast | |
| Chimney of Zuevska thermal power station
|
330 | 1,083 | 1982 | Chimney | Power station | Ukraine
|
Zuhres, Donetsk Oblast[6] | |
| WITI TV Tower | 329.4 | 1,081 | 1962 | Lattice tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission | United States
|
Shorewood (Milwaukee), Wisconsin | |
Three World Trade Center
|
328.9 | 1,079 | 2018 | Skyscraper | Office | United States
|
New York City | |
| Sky Tower | 328 | 1,076 | 1997 | Concrete tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission |  New Zealand
|
Auckland | Tallest freestanding structure in the Southern Hemisphere. |
| Vilnius TV Tower | 327 | 1,073 | 1980 | Concrete tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission |  Lithuania
|
Vilnius | |
St. Petersburg TV Tower
|
326 | 1,070 | 1962 | Lattice tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission | Russia
|
St. Petersburg | |
| Salesforce Tower | 326 | 1,070 | 2018 | Skyscraper | Commercial offices, retail | United States
|
San Francisco | |
| Chimney of Pirdop copper smelter and refinery | 325.4 | 1,068 | 1982 | Chimney | Copper smelter |  Bulgaria
|
Pirdop | |
| Azabudai Hills Mori JP Tower | 325 | 1,066 | 2023 | Skyscraper | Commercial offices, retail, residences | Japan
|
Tokyo | Tallest building in Japan. |
| Chimney of Maritza East Power Station
|
325 | 1,066 | 1977/1980 | Chimney | Power station | Bulgaria
|
Stara Zagora | |
WHDH-TV Tower
|
323.8 | 1,062 | 1994 | Lattice tower | UHF/VHF-transmission | United States
|
Newton, Massachusetts | |
| Rameswaram TV Tower | 323 | 1,059.7 | 1995 | Concrete and lattice tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission |  India
|
Tamil Nadu | Tallest structure in India. |
| Q1 | 323 | 1,058 | 2005 | Skyscraper |  Australia
|
Gold Coast | Tallest building (architectural top) in Australia. | |
| Burj Al Arab | 321 | 1,053 | 1999 | Skyscraper | United Arab Emirates
|
Dubai | ||
| 2 Chimneys of Kirishskaya GRES
|
320 | 1,050 | 1984/1986 | Chimney | Power station | Russia
|
Kirishi[6] | |
| Chimney of Ryazanskaya GRES | 320 | 1,050 | 1973 | Chimney | Power station | Russia
|
Novomichurinsk | |
| 2 Chimneys of Tobolsk TEC | 320 | 1,050 | 1983 | Chimney | Power station | Russia
|
Tobolsk | |
| Chimney of Kostromskaya GRES | 320 | 1,050 | 1980 | Chimney | Power station | Russia
|
Volgorechensk | |
| Chimney of Zaporozhskaya GRES | 320 | 1,050 | 1972 | Chimney | Power station | Ukraine
|
Enerhodar | |
| Chimney of Vuhlehirska thermal power plant
|
320 | 1,050 | 197? | Chimney | Power station | Ukraine
|
Svitlodarsk | |
| Chrysler Building | 319 | 1,046 | 1930 | Skyscraper | United States
|
New York City | Tallest structure in the world 1930–1931. | |
Nina Tower I
|
319 | 1,046 | 2006 | Skyscraper | Hong Kong
|
Hong Kong | ||
New York Times Building
|
319 | 1,046 | 2007 | Skyscraper | United States
|
New York City | ||
Jiangsu Nanjing TV Tower
|
318.5 | 1,045 | 1996 | Concrete tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission | China
|
Nanjing | |
Grand Hyatt Manila
|
318 | 1,043 | 2017 | Skyscraper | Residential |  Philippines
|
Taguig, Metro Manila | The tallest building in the Philippines. |
| KCTV-Tower | 317.6 | 1,042 | 1956 | Lattice tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission | United States
|
Kansas City | |
| Chimney of Rockport Power Plant
|
316.4 | 1,038 | 1984 | Chimney | Power station | United States
|
Rockport, Indiana | |
| Magnolias Waterfront Residences at Iconsiam | 316 | 1,038 | 2018 | Skyscraper | Residential, Hotel |  Thailand
|
Bangkok | |
Atlanta Turner Broadcasting Tower
|
314.3 | 1,031 | 1967 | Lattice tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission | United States
|
Atlanta, Georgia | Disassembled in 2010. |
MahaNakhon
|
314 | 1,031 | 2018 | Skyscraper | Residential, Retail, Hotel, Observation | Thailand
|
Bangkok | |
| Tallinn TV Tower | 312.3 | 1,025 | 1980 | Concrete tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission |  Estonia
|
Tallinn | |
| Bank of America Plaza | 312 | 1,023 | 1992 | Skyscraper | United States
|
Atlanta | ||
TV Tower Yerevan
|
311.7 | 1,023 | 1977 | Lattice tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission |  Armenia
|
Yerevan | |
| Tortoise Mountain TV Tower | 311.4 | 1,022 | 1986 | Concrete tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission | China
|
Wuhan | |
| U.S. Bank Tower | 311 | 1,018 | 1990 | Skyscraper | United States
|
Los Angeles | ||
Menara Telekom
|
310 | 1,017 | 2001 | Skyscraper | Malaysia
|
Kuala Lumpur | ||
Azeri TV Tower
|
310 | 1,017 | 1996 | Concrete tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission |  Azerbaijan
|
Baku | |
| Chimney of Ugljevik Power Plant | 310 | 1,017 | 1985 | Chimney | Power station |  Bosnia and Herzegovina
|
Ugljevik | |
| Varso | 310 | 1,017 | 2022 | Skyscraper | Office |  Poland
|
Warsaw | Tallest skyscraper in the European Union. |
| The Shard | 309.6 | 1,016 | 2012 | Skyscraper | United Kingdom
|
London | Tallest skyscraper in the United Kingdom | |
| Kingdom Centre | 309 | 1,015 | 2002 | Skyscraper | Saudi Arabia
|
Riyadh | ||
| Jumeirah Emirates Towers Hotel | 309 | 1,014 | 2000 | Skyscraper | United Arab Emirates
|
Dubai | ||
| Sydney Tower | 309 | 1,014 | 1981 | Concrete tower | Observation, restaurant, UHF/VHF-transmission | Australia
|
Sydney | |
Eurasia
|
308.9 | 1,013 | 2013 | Skyscraper | Russia
|
Moscow | ||
AT&T Corporate Center
|
307 | 1,007 | 1989 | Skyscraper | United States
|
Chicago | ||
| Chimney of Harllee Branch Power Plant | 307 | 1,007 | 1978 | Chimney | Power station | United States
|
Milledgeville, Georgia | Demolished on 15 October 2016 |
| Chimney of Buschhaus Power Station | 307 | 1,007 | 1984 | Chimney | Power station | Germany
|
Helmstedt, Lower Saxony | |
| Liaoning Broadcast and TV Tower | 305.5 | 1,002 | 1989 | Concrete tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission | China
|
Shenyang | |
| JPMorgan Chase Tower | 305 | 1,002 | 1982 | Skyscraper | United States
|
Houston | Tallest five-sided skyscraper in the world. | |
| Chimney of Harrison Power Station Scrubber
|
305 | 1,001 | 1994 | Chimney | Power station | United States
|
Haywood, West Virginia | |
| Chimney of Robert W Scherer Power Plant
|
305 | 1,001 | 1983/1985 | Chimney | Power station | United States
|
Macon, Georgia | |
| Chimney of Independence Power Plant | 305 | 1,001 | 1983 | Chimney | Power station | United States
|
Newark, Arkansas | |
| Chimney of Kyger Creek Power Plant | 305 | 1,001 | 1980 | Chimney | Power station | United States
|
Gallipolis, Ohio | |
| Chimney of White Bluff Power Plant | 305 | 1,001 | 1980 | Chimney | Power station | United States
|
Pine Bluff, Arkansas | |
| Chimney of Widows Creek Power Plant
|
305 | 1,001 | 1977 | Chimney | Power station | United States
|
Stevenson, Alabama | Demolished on 3 December 2020 |
| Chimney of Hal B. Wansley Power Plant | 305 | 1,001 | 1976 | Chimney | Power station | United States
|
Carrollton, Georgia | |
| Chimney of Kingston Power Plant
|
305 | 1,001 | 1976 | Chimney | Power station | United States
|
Kingston, Tennessee | |
| Chimney of Harrison Power Station | 305 | 1,001 | 1972/1973 | Chimney | Power station | United States
|
Haywood, West Virginia | |
| Chimney of Cumberland Fossil Plant | 305 | 1,001 | 1970 | Chimney | Power station | United States
|
Cumberland City, Tennessee | |
| Chimney of W. H. Sammis Power Plant, Unit 7 | 305 | 1,001 | 1970 | Chimney | Power station | United States
|
Stratton, Ohio | |
| Chimney of Conemaugh Generating Station | 305 | 1,001 | 1970 | Chimney | Power station | United States
|
Seward, Pennsylvania | |
| Chimney of Hayden Smelter | 305 | 1,001 | ? | Chimney | Power station | United States
|
Hayden, Arizona | |
| Chimney of Plant Bowen Coal
|
305 | 1,001 | 1975 | Chimney | Power station | United States
|
Taylorsville, Georgia | |
| Chimney of Chvaletice Power Station | 305 | 1,001 | 1977 | Chimney | Power station |  Czech Republic
|
Chvaletice | |
| Posco Tower-Songdo | 305 | 1,001 | 2014 | Skyscraper | Office, Hotel | South Korea
|
Incheon | |
| Chimney of Pleasants Power Plant
|
304.8 | 1,000 | 1980 | Chimney | Power station | United States
|
Belmont, West Virginia | |
| Fazilka TV Tower | 304.8 | 1,000 | 2007 | Lattice tower | FM-/TV-broadcasting | India
|
Fazilka | |
| Baiyoke Tower II | 304 | 997 | 1997 | Skyscraper | Hotel | Thailand
|
Bangkok | |
| Two Prudential Plaza | 303 | 995 | 1990 | Skyscraper | United States
|
Chicago | ||
| Wells Fargo Plaza | 302 | 992 | 1983 | Skyscraper | United States
|
Houston | ||
| Chimney of Power Plant Scholven | 302 | 991 | ? | Chimney | Power station | Germany
|
Gelsenkirchen | |
| Chimney of Power Plant Chemnitz | 301.8 | 990 | 1984 | Chimney | Power station | Germany
|
Chemnitz | |
| Chimney of SASOL III Synthetic Fuel Production Plant | 301 | 988 | 1979 | Chimney | Synthetic fuel plant |  South Africa
|
Secunda
|
Tallest freestanding structure in Africa. |
| Four Season Private Residences | 301 | 988 | 2018 | Skyscraper | Residential | Thailand
|
Bangkok | |
| Haeundae Doosan We've the Zenith 101-dong | 301 | 988 | 2011 | Skyscraper | Residential | South Korea
|
Busan | |
| Commerzbank Tower | 300.1 | 984 | 1997 | Skyscraper | Germany
|
Frankfurt/Main
|
Tallest skyscraper in Europe, 1997–2005. Tallest skyscraper in European Union, 1997-2011, 2020-2021. | |
Gran Torre Santiago
|
300 | 984 | 2013 | Skyscraper | Observation, Commercial offices, retail |  Chile
|
Santiago de Chile
|
Tallest skyscraper in Chile, 2011–present. Tallest skyscraper in South America, 2013-present. |
| Eureka Tower | 300 | 984 | 2006 | Skyscraper | Residential | Australia
|
Melbourne | |
| Mumbai Television Tower | 300 | 984 | ? | Lattice tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission | India
|
Mumbai | |
| Chimney of Volzhskaya TEC-2 | 300 | 984 | 1988 | Chimney | Russia
|
Volzhsky | ||
Thermal power station Kakanj
|
300 | 984 | 1987 | Chimney | Bosnia and Herzegovina
|
Čatići | ||
| Chimney of Prunéřov Power Station | 300 | 984 | 1981 | Chimney | Power station | Czech Republic
|
Prunéřov
|
|
| Chimney of Tušimice Power Station | 300 | 984 | 1974 | Chimney | Power station | Czech Republic
|
Tušimice
|
|
| Chimney of Lippendorf Power Station | 300 | 984 | 1967 | Chimney | Power station | Germany
|
Lippendorf, Saxony | Demolished in 2005. |
| 3 Chimneys of Power Plant Jänschwalde
|
300 | 984 | 1981 | Chimney | Power station | Germany
|
Jänschwalde | Demolished in 2002–2007. |
| Chimney of Walsum Power Station
|
300 | 984 | 1988 | Chimney | Power station | Germany
|
Walsum, North Rhine-Westphalia | |
| Chimney of Herne Power Station
|
300 | 984 | 1989 | Chimney | Power station | Germany
|
Herne , North Rhine-Westphalia
|
|
| Chimney of Thierbach Power Station | 300 | 984 | 1968 | Chimney | Power station | Germany
|
Espenhain, Saxony | Demolished. |
| 4 Chimneys of Boxberg Power Station | 300 | 984 | 1979 | Chimney | Power station | Germany
|
Boxberg, Saxony | Demolished in 2000–2012. |
| Chimney of Marl-Chemiepark Power Station | 300 | 984 | ? | Chimney | Power station | Germany
|
Marl , North Rhine-Westphalia
|
Demolished in 1995. |
| Chimney of Provence Power Station | 300 | 984 | 1984 | Chimney | Power station | France
|
Gardanne | |
| Chimney of Orot Rabin | 300 | 984 | 1981 | Chimney | Power station |  Israel
|
Hadera | |
| Chimney of Bishkek TEC | 300 | 984 | 1989 | Chimney | Power station |  Kyrgyzstan
|
Bishkek | |
| Chimney of Rybnik Power Station | 300 | 984 | 1974 | Chimney | Power station | Poland
|
Rybnik | |
| Chimney of Jaworzno Power Station | 300 | 984 | 1977 | Chimney | Power station | Poland
|
Jaworzno | |
| Chimney of Bełchatów Power Station | 300 | 984 | ? | Chimney | Power station | Poland
|
Bełchatów | |
| Chimney of Kozienice Power Station | 300 | 984 | 1978 | Chimney | Power station | Poland
|
Kozienice | |
| Chimney of Warszawa-Kawęczyn Power Station
|
300 | 984 | 1983 | Chimney | Power station | Poland
|
Warsaw | |
| Chimney of Novaky Power Plant
|
300 | 984 | 1976 | Chimney | Power station |  Slovakia
|
Nováky | |
| Chimney of Duvha Power Station | 300 | 984 | 1982 | Chimney | Power station | South Africa
|
Witbank | |
| Chimney of Clifty Creek Power Plant | 300 | 984 | 1978 | Chimney | Power station | United States
|
Madison, Indiana | |
BRTN Toren
|
300 | 984 | 1996 | Concrete tower | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission |  Belgium
|
Sint-Pieters-Leeuw | |
| Abeno Harukas | 300 | 984 | 2014 | Skyscraper | Observation | Japan
|
Osaka | Tallest skyscraper in Japan.[7] |
| Aspire Tower | 300 | 984 | 2007 | Skyscraper | Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission |  Qatar
|
Doha | |
Timeline of world's tallest freestanding structures
| Name | Height (metres / feet) | Held record | Structural type | Country | City | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Göbekli Tepe | 5–6 | 16–20 | 10000 BC–8000 (2000 years) | Temple | Turkey | Anatolia | The earliest known temple built by humans |
| Tower of Jericho | 8.5 | 28 | 8000 BC–4000 (4000 years) | Monument | Palestine | Jericho | One of the earliest ever stone monuments |
| Anu Ziggurat | 13 | 40 | 4000 BC–2650 (1350 years) | Temple | Iraq | Uruk | |
| Pyramid of Djoser | 62.5 | 205 | 2650 BC–2610 (40 years) | Mausoleum | Egypt | Saqqara | First Egyptian pyramid, formed of six stacked mastabas |
| Meidum pyramid | 92 | 300 | 2610 BC–2605 (5 years) | Mausoleum | Egypt | Meidum | Collapsed during construction, now 65m |
| Bent Pyramid | 104.74 | 344 | 2605 BC–2600 (5 years) | Mausoleum | Egypt | Dashur | Slope angle changed during construction |
| Red Pyramid | 105 | 344 | 2600 BC– 2570 (30 years) | Mausoleum | Egypt | Dashur | First true pyramid |
| Great Pyramid of Giza | 146 | 480 | 2570 BC–1311 (3,881 years) | Mausoleum | Egypt | Giza | Due to erosion today it stands at the height of 138.8 metres (455 ft). |
| Lincoln Cathedral | 159.7 | 524 | 1311–1549 (238 years) | Church | England | Lincoln
|
Spire collapsed in 1549; today, stands at a height of 83 metres (272 ft). |
| St. Mary's Church | 151 | 500 | 1549–1569 (20 years) | Church | Germany | Stralsund | |
| Beauvais Cathedral | 153 | 502 | 1569–1573 (4 years) | Church | France | Beauvais | Spire collapsed in 1573; today, the church stands at a height of 67.2 metres (220.5 ft). |
| St. Mary's Church | 151 | 500 | 1573–1647 (74 years) | Church | Germany | Stralsund | Spire destroyed by lightning in 1647; today stands at a height of 104 metres (341 ft). |
| Strasbourg Cathedral | 142 | 470 | 1647–1874 (227 years) | Church | Germany (1647, 1871–1874) and/or France (1648–1870, 1918-today) | Strasbourg | |
St Nikolai
|
147.3 | 483 | 1874–1876 (2 years) | Church | Germany | Hamburg | The nave was demolished by aerial bombing during World War II; only the spire remains. |
Rouen Cathedral
|
151 | 500 | 1876–1880 (4 years) | Church | France | Rouen | |
| Cologne Cathedral | 157.4 | 516 | 1880–1884 (4 years) | Church | Germany | Cologne | |
| Washington Monument | 169.3 | 555 | 1884–1889 (5 years) | Monument | United States | Washington, D.C. | |
| Eiffel Tower | 300.6 | 986 | 1889–1930 (41 years) | Tower | France | Paris | Currently stands at a height of 330 metres (1,080 ft). |
| Chrysler Building | 319 | 1,046 | 1930–1931 (1 year) | Skyscraper | United States | New York City | |
| Empire State Building | 443.2 | 1,454 | 1931–1967 (36 years) | Skyscraper | United States | New York City | |
| Ostankino Tower | 540.1 | 1,772 | 1967–1975 (8 years) | Tower | Soviet Union | Moscow | |
| CN Tower | 553.3 | 1,815 | 1975–2007 (32 years) | Tower | Canada | Toronto | |
| Burj Khalifa | 829.8 | 2,722 | 2007–present (16 years) | Skyscraper | United Arab Emirates | Dubai | Topped-out on 17 January 2009 |
See also
- List of tallest structures by country
- List of tallest demolished freestanding structures
- List of tallest towers
- List of tallest chimneys
- List of tallest buildings and structures
- List of tallest freestanding steel structures
- List of cities with the most skyscrapers
- Lattice tower
References
- ^ See Tallest freestanding structures by skyscraperpage.com
- ^ "Guinness world records tallest building unoccupied". Retrieved 13 May 2022.
- ^ Karp, Gregory (23 July 2013). "United completed HQ move to Willis Tower". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 2 May 2014.
- ^ "See One World Trade Center by skyscrapercenter.com". Retrieved 3 July 2020.
- ^ Photo of Молдавская ГРЭС 5-я очередь. Panoramio. Retrieved on 2013-08-16.
- ^ a b c "List of chimneys built by "Energovisotspechstroy"" (in Russian).
- ^ "Tallest high-rise nears completion". The Japan Times. 23 October 2013. Archived from the original on 7 January 2019. Retrieved 28 August 2019.