List of vulnerable fishes

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6 extinct in the wild fish species (0.04%)455 critically endangered fish species (3.0%)643 endangered fish species (4.2%)1245 vulnerable fish species (8.2%)548 near threatened fish species (3.6%)9131 least concern fish species (60%)3191 data deficient fish species (21%)
Fish species (IUCN, 2016-2)
  • 15,219 extant species have been evaluated
  • 12,028 of those are fully assessed[a]
  • 9679 are not threatened at present[b]
  • 2343 to 5534 are threatened[c]
  • 71 to 158 are extinct or extinct in the wild:
    • 65 extinct (EX) species[d]
    • 6 extinct in the wild (EW)
    • 87 possibly extinct [CR(PE)]
    • 0 possibly extinct in the wild [CR(PEW)]
  1. ^ excludes data deficient evaluations.
  2. ^ NT, LR/cd, LC.
  3. ^ Threatened comprises CR, EN and VU. Upper estimate additionally includes DD.
  4. ^ Chart omits extinct (EX) species
Vulnerable (VU) species are considered to be facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.

In September 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) listed 1245 vulnerable fish species.[1] Of all evaluated fish species, 8.1% are listed as vulnerable. The IUCN also lists eight fish subspecies as vulnerable.

Of the subpopulations of fishes evaluated by the IUCN, 18 species subpopulations have been assessed as vulnerable.

For a species to be assessed as vulnerable to extinction the best available evidence must meet quantitative criteria set by the IUCN designed to reflect "a high risk of extinction in the wild". Endangered and critically endangered species also meet the quantitative criteria of vulnerable species, and are listed separately. See: List of endangered fishes, List of critically endangered fishes. Vulnerable, endangered and critically endangered species are collectively referred to as threatened species by the IUCN.

Additionally 3191 fish species (21% of those evaluated) are listed as data deficient, meaning there is insufficient information for a full assessment of conservation status. As these species typically have small distributions and/or populations, they are intrinsically likely to be threatened, according to the IUCN.[2] While the category of data deficient indicates that no assessment of extinction risk has been made for the taxa, the IUCN notes that it may be appropriate to give them "the same degree of attention as threatened taxa, at least until their status can be assessed."[3]

This is a complete list of vulnerable fish species and subspecies evaluated by the IUCN. Species and subspecies which have vulnerable subpopulations (or stocks) are indicated.

Lobe-finned fishes

  • Indonesian coelacanth
    (Latimeria menadoensis)

Cartilaginous fishes

Chondrichthyes includes sharks, rays, skates, and sawfish. There are 121 species and eight subpopulations of cartilaginous fish assessed as vulnerable.

Angelsharks

  • Eastern angelshark
    (Squatina albipunctata)
  • Japanese angelshark
    (Squatina japonica)
  • Clouded angelshark
    (Squatina nebulosa)
  • Ocellated angelshark
    (Squatina tergocellatoides)

Mackerel sharks

Species

  • Bigeye thresher
    (Alopias superciliosus)
  • Common thresher
    (Alopias vulpinus)
  • Great white shark
    (Carcharodon carcharias)
  • Porbeagle
    (Lamna nasus)
  • Smalltooth sand tiger
    (Odontaspis ferox)

Subpopulations

  • Shortfin mako shark
    (Isurus oxyrinchus) (2 subpopulations)

Rays and skates

There are 74 species and one subpopulation in the order Rajiformes assessed as vulnerable.

Rhynchobatids

  • Rhynchobatus australiae
  • Giant guitarfish
    (Rhynchobatus djiddensis)
  • Smoothnose wedgefish
    (Rhynchobatus laevis)
  • Roughnose wedgefish
    (Rhynchobatus sp. A)
  • Broadnose wedgefish
    (Rhynchobatus springeri)

Guitarfish species

  • Spotted shovelnose ray
    (Aptychotrema timorensis)
  • Sharpnose guitarfish
    (Glaucostegus granulatus)
  • Clubnose guitarfish
    (Glaucostegus thouin)
  • Common shovelnose ray
    (Glaucostegus typus)
  • White-spotted guitarfish
    (Rhinobatos albomaculatus)
  • Taiwan guitarfish
    (Rhinobatos formosensis)
  • Spineback guitarfish (Rhinobatos irvinei)
  • Rhinobatos jimbaranensis
  • Widenose guitarfish
    (Rhinobatos obtusus)
  • Rhinobatos penggali
  • Shortnose guitarfish
    (Zapteryx brevirostris)

Whiptail stingrays

  • Colares stingray
    (Dasyatis colarensis)
  • Estuary stingray
    (Dasyatis fluviorum)
  • Niger stingray
    (Dasyatis garouaensis)
  • Pink whipray
    (Himantura fai)
  • Whitespotted whipray
    (Himantura gerrardi)
  • Mangrove whipray
    (Himantura granulata)
  • Hortle's whipray
    (Himantura hortlei)
  • Jenkins' whipray
    (Himantura jenkinsii)
  • Leopard whipray
    (Himantura leoparda)
  • Tubemouth whipray
    (Himantura lobistoma)
  • Round whipray
    (Himantura pastinacoides)
  • Whitenose whipray
    (Himantura uarnacoides)
  • Reticulate whipray
    (Himantura uarnak)
  • Honeycomb whipray
    (Himantura undulata)
  • Round ribbontail ray
    (Taeniurops meyeni)
  • Porcupine ray
    (Urogymnus asperrimus)

Narcinids

Species

  • Brazilian blind electric ray
    (Benthobatis kreffti)
  • Taiwanese blind electric ray (Benthobatis yangi)
  • Colombian electric ray
    (Diplobatis colombiensis)
  • Brownband numbfish
    (Diplobatis guamachensis)
  • Ocellated electric ray
    (Diplobatis ommata)
  • Painted electric ray
    (Diplobatis pictus)
  • Shortlip electric ray
    (Narcine brevilabiata)

Subpopulations

  • Apron ray
    (Discopyge tschudii) (1 subpopulation)

Skates

Skates

  • Eyespot skate
    (Atlantoraja cyclophora)
  • La Plata skate
    (Atlantoraja platana)
  • Whitedotted skate (Rhinoraja albomaculata)
  • Rio skate
    (Rioraja agassizii)
  • Bignose fanskate
    (Sympterygia acuta)

Other Rajiformes species

  • Ocellated eagle ray (Aetobatus ocellatus)
  • Banded eagle ray
    (Aetomylaeus nichofii)
  • Spiny butterfly ray
    (Gymnura altavela)
  • Zonetail butterfly ray
    (Gymnura zonura)
  • Natal electric ray
    (Heteronarce garmani)
  • Reef manta ray
    (Manta alfredi)
  • Giant oceanic manta ray
    (Manta birostris)
  • Lesser Guinean devil ray (Mobula rochebrunei)
  • Box ray
    (Mobula tarapacana)
  • Japanese sleeper ray
    (Narke japonica)
  • Fanray
    (Platyrhina sinensis)
  • Bowmouth guitarfish (Rhina ancylostoma)
  • Flapnose ray
    (Rhinoptera javanica)
  • Finless sleeper ray
    (Temera hardwickii)
  • Sandyback stingaree
    (Urolophus bucculentus)
  • Yellowback stingaree
    (Urolophus sufflavus)
  • Greenback stingaree
    (Urolophus viridis)
  • Reticulate round stingray (Urotrygon reticulata)
  • Fake round ray (Urotrygon simulatrix)

Ground sharks

Species

  • Bali catshark
    (Atelomycterus baliensis)
  • New Caledonia catshark
    (Aulohalaelurus kanakorum)
  • Smoothtooth blacktip shark
    (Carcharhinus leiodon)
  • Oceanic whitetip shark
    (Carcharhinus longimanus)
  • Dusky shark
    (Carcharhinus obscurus)
  • Sandbar shark
    (Carcharhinus plumbeus)
  • Night shark
    (Carcharhinus signatus)
  • Hooktooth shark
    (Chaenogaleus macrostoma)
  • School shark
    (Galeorhinus galeus)
  • Southern sawtail catshark
    (Galeus mincaronei)
  • Brown shyshark
    (Haploblepharus fuscus)
  • Sicklefin weasel shark
    (Hemigaleus microstoma)
  • Snaggletooth shark
    (Hemipristis elongata)
  • Common smooth-hound
    (Mustelus mustelus)
  • Humpback smooth-hound
    (Mustelus whitneyi)
  • Sicklefin lemon shark
    (Negaprion acutidens)
  • Lizard catshark
    (Schroederichthys saurisqualus)
  • Flapnose houndshark
    (Scylliogaleus quecketti)
  • Smalleye hammerhead
    (Sphyrna tudes)
  • Smooth hammerhead
    (Sphyrna zygaena)
  • Spotted houndshark
    (Triakis maculata)

Subpopulations

  • Copper shark
    (Carcharhinus brachyurus) (1 subpopulation)
  • Spinner shark
    (Carcharhinus brevipinna) (1 subpopulation)
  • Blacktip shark
    (Carcharhinus limbatus) (1 subpopulation)
  • Dusky shark
    (Carcharhinus obscurus) (1 subpopulation)
  • Scalloped hammerhead
    (Sphyrna lewini) (2 subpopulations)

Carpet sharks

  • Bluegrey carpetshark
    (Brachaelurus colcloughi)
  • Papuan epaulette shark
    (Hemiscyllium hallstromi)
  • Hooded carpetshark
    (Hemiscyllium strahani)
  • Tawny nurse shark
    (Nebrius ferrugineus)
  • Short-tail nurse shark
    (Pseudoginglymostoma brevicaudatum)
  • Zebra shark
    (Stegostoma fasciatum)

Squaliformes

Species

  • Lowfin gulper shark
    (Centrophorus lusitanicus)
  • Leafscale gulper shark
    (Centrophorus squamosus)
  • Angular roughshark
    (Oxynotus centrina)
  • Spiny dogfish
    (Squalus acanthias)
  • Philippine spurdog (Squalus montalbani)

Subpopulations

  • Spiny dogfish
    (Squalus acanthias) (2 subpopulations)

Chimaeras

  • Ogilby's ghostshark
    (Hydrolagus ogilbyi)

Lampreys

  • Miller Lake lamprey
    (Entosphenus minimus)
  • Kern brook lamprey
    (Lampetra hubbsi)
  • Non-parasitic lamprey (Mordacia praecox)

Ray-finned fishes

There are 1114 species, eight subspecies, and four subpopulations of ray-finned fish assessed as vulnerable.

Acipenseriformes

Includes sturgeons and paddlefishes.

Species

  • Shortnose sturgeon
    (Acipenser brevirostrum)
  • Sterlet
    (Acipenser ruthenus)
  • American paddlefish
    (Polyodon spathula)
  • Shovelnose sturgeon
    (Scaphirhynchus platorynchus)

Subspecies

  • Gulf sturgeon
    (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi)

Salmoniformes

Species

Subpopulations

  • Sockeye salmon
    (Oncorhynchus nerka) (3 subpopulations)

Silversides

Toothcarps

There are 85 species and three subspecies of toothcarp assessed as vulnerable.

Goodeids

  • Bold characodon
    (Characodon audax)
  • Dark-edged splitfin
    (Girardinichthys multiradiatus)
  • Dusky splitfin (Goodea gracilis)

Pupfish species

Aplocheilids

Rivulids

Nothobranchiids

Species

Subspecies

Poeciliids

Fundulids

Cypriniformes

Cypriniformes includes carps, minnows, loaches and relatives. There are 298 species and one subspecies in the order Cypriniformes assessed as vulnerable.

Hillstream loaches

True loaches

Cyprinids

Species

Subspecies

Suckers

Gasterosteiformes

Includes sticklebacks and relatives.

Species

Subpopulations

  • Little dragonfish
    (Eurypegasus draconis) (1 subpopulation)
  • Longtail seamoth
    (Pegasus volitans) (2 subpopulations)

Osmeriformes

Includes freshwater smelts and allies.

  • Giant kokopu
    (Galaxias argenteus)
  • Flathead galaxias
    (Galaxias depressiceps)
  • Dwarf inanga
    (Galaxias gracilis)
  • Flathead galaxias
    (Galaxias rostratus)
  • Saddled galaxias
    (Galaxias tanycephalus)
  • Galaxiella pusilla
  • Ariakehimeshirauo
    (Neosalanx regani)
  • Arthurs paragalaxias
    (Paragalaxias mesotes)

Catfishes

There are 89 catfish species assessed as vulnerable.

Ictalurids

  • Bagre de Rio Verde (Ictalurus mexicanus)
  • Smoky madtom
    (Noturus baileyi)
  • Yellowfin madtom
    (Noturus flavipinnis)
  • Frecklebelly madtom
    (Noturus munitus)
  • Phantom blindcat (Prietella lundbergi)
  • Widemouth blindcat
    (Satan eurystomus)
  • Toothless blindcat
    (Trogloglanis pattersoni)

Sisorids

Loach catfishes

Claroteids

Airbreathing catfishes

Loricariids

Mochokids

Bagrids

Other catfish species

Batrachoidiformes

Perciformes

There are 405 species, one subspecies, and one subpopulation in the order Perciformes assessed as vulnerable.

Gouramis

Cichlids

Species

Subspecies

Percids

  • Western sand darter
    (Ammocrypta clara)
  • Crystal darter
    (Crystallaria asprella)
  • Sharphead darter
    (Etheostoma acuticeps)
  • Conchos darter
    (Etheostoma australe)
  • Warrior darter
    (Etheostoma bellator)
  • Holiday darter
    (Etheostoma brevirostrum)
  • Ashy darter
    (Etheostoma cinereum)
  • Golden darter
    (Etheostoma denoncourti)
  • Etowah darter (Etheostoma etowahae)
  • Barrens darter
    (Etheostoma forbesi)
  • Rio Grande darter
    (Etheostoma grahami)
  • Tuxedo darter
    (Etheostoma lemniscatum)
  • Spotted darter
    (Etheostoma maculatum)
  • Niangua darter
    (Etheostoma nianguae)
  • Paleback darter
    (Etheostoma pallididorsum)
  • Waccamaw darter
    (Etheostoma perlongum)
  • Mexican darter
    (Etheostoma pottsii)
  • Egg-mimic darter
    (Etheostoma pseudovulatum)
  • Citico darter
    (Etheostoma sitikuense)
  • Striated darter
    (Etheostoma striatulum)
  • Trispot darter
    (Etheostoma trisella)
  • Tuscumbia darter
    (Etheostoma tuscumbia)
  • Boulder darter
    (Etheostoma wapiti)
  • Halloween darter (Percina crypta)
  • Goldline darter
    (Percina aurolineata)
  • Chesapeake logperch
    (Percina bimaculata)
  • Blotchside logperch (Percina burtoni)
  • Bluestripe darter
    (Percina cymatotaenia)
  • Roanoke logperch
    (Percina rex)
  • Bankhead darter
    (Percina sipsi)
  • Snail darter
    (Percina tanasi)
  • Sickle darter
    (Percina williamsi)

Epinephelids

Species

Subpopulations

Gobies

Sparids

Sand stargazers

Sciaenids

Labrisomids

Serranids

Chaenopsids

Combtooth blennies

Wrasses

Threefin blennies

Other Perciformes species

  • Kapingamarangi surgeonfish (Acanthurus chronixis)
  • Aioliops brachypterus
  • Bidyanus bidyanus
  • Boroda expatria
  • Ornamented dragonet
    (Callionymus comptus)
  • Channa diplogramme
  • Torrentfish
    (Cheimarrichthys fosteri)
  • Ctenopoma nebulosum
  • Datnioides undecimradiatus
  • Carolina pygmy sunfish
    (Elassoma boehlkei)
  • Bluebarred pygmy sunfish
    (Elassoma okatie)
  • Verdean nibbler (Girella zonata)
  • Bluegill bully
    (Gobiomorphus hubbsi)
  • Adamson's grunter
    (Hephaestus adamsoni)
  • Clarion angelfish
    (Holacanthus clarionensis)
  • Sailfish
    (Istiphorus platypterus)
  • Bigeye lates
    (Lates mariae)
  • Northern red snapper
    (Lutjanus campechanus)
  • Cubera snapper
    (Lutjanus cyanopterus)
  • Atlantic blue marlin
    (Makaira nigricans)
  • Mesopristes elongatus
  • Blotched mogurnda
    (Mogurnda spilota)
  • Striped mogurnda
    (Mogurnda vitta)
  • Yarra pygmy perch
    (Nannoperca obscura)
  • Golden pygmy perch
    (Nannoperca variegata)
  • Golden threadfin bream (Nemipterus virgatus)
  • Royal threadfin
    (Pentanemus quinquarius)
  • Bluefish
    (Pomatomus saltatrix)
  • Pale dottyback
    (Pseudochromis pesi)
  • West African goatfish (Pseudupeneus prayensis)
  • Vermilion snapper
    (Rhomboplites aurorubens)
  • Monterrey Spanish mackerel
    (Scomberomorus concolor)
  • Galapagos ringtail damselfish (Stegastes beebei)
  • Whitetail damselfish (Stegastes leucorus)
  • Clarion damselfish (Stegastes redemptus)
  • Bigeye tuna
    (Thunnus obesus)
  • Pacific bluefin tuna
    (Thunnus orientalis)
  • Atlantic horse mackerel
    (Trachurus trachurus)
  • Yamur Lake grunter
    (Varia jamoerensis)
  • White salema (Xenichthys agassizii)
  • Black-striped salema
    (Xenocys jessiae)

Beloniformes

Synbranchiformes

Osteoglossiformes

Mormyrids

Gobiesociformes

Characiformes

Species

Subspecies

Syngnathiformes

Includes the pipefishes and seahorses.

  • West African seahorse
    (Hippocampus algiricus)
  • Barbour's seahorse
    (Hippocampus barbouri)
  • Tiger tail seahorse
    (Hippocampus comes)
  • Lined seahorse
    (Hippocampus erectus)
  • Spiny seahorse
    (Hippocampus histrix)
  • Pacific seahorse
    (Hippocampus ingens)
  • Great seahorse
    (Hippocampus kelloggi)
  • Spotted seahorse (Hippocampus kuda)
  • Hippocampus planifrons
  • Hedgehog seahorse
    (Hippocampus spinosissimus)
  • Flat-faced seahorse
    (Hippocampus trimaculatus)
  • Andaman pipefish (Microphis insularis)
  • Verco's pipefish (Vanacampus vercoi)

Clupeiformes

Species

Subspecies

  • Clupeonella abrau muhlisi

Scorpaeniformes

Ophidiiformes

Tetraodontiformes

  • Bellystriped blaasop (Arothron inconditus)
  • Grey triggerfish
    (Balistes capriscus)
  • Bluespotted triggerfish (Balistes punctatus)
  • Canthigaster marquesensis
  • Dwarf pufferfish
    (Carinotetraodon travancoricus)
  • Liosaccus pachygaster
  • Ocean sunfish
    (Mola mola)
  • Orange spotted filefish
    (Oxymonacanthus longirostris)
  • Redline pufferfish
    (Tetraodon pustulatus)

Other ray-finned fish species

Hagfishes

See also

References

  1. ^ "IUCN Red List version 2016-2". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Retrieved 8 September 2016.
  2. ^ "Limitations of the Data". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  3. ^ "2001 Categories & Criteria (version 3.1)". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Retrieved 11 January 2016.


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