Lobes of liver
| Lobes of liver | |
|---|---|
| Details | |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | lobus hepatis |
| Anatomical terminology] | |
In
The
Other anatomical landmarks exist, such as the ligamentum venosum and the round ligament of the liver (ligamentum teres), which further divide the left side of the liver in two sections. An important anatomical landmark, the porta hepatis, also known as the transverse fissure of the liver, divides this left portion into four segments, which can be numbered in Roman numerals starting at the caudate lobe as I in an anticlockwise manner. From this parietal view, seven segments can be seen, because the eighth segment is only visible in the visceral view.[5]
Structure
Segments
The lobes of the liver are further divided into eight liver segments in the Couinaud system. These are also known as hepatic segments that are surgically resectable.[2]
Left lobe
The left lobe is smaller and more flattened than the right. It is situated in the
Right lobe
The right lobe is six times the size of the left lobe. It occupies the
The right lobe is functionally separated from the left lobe by the middle hepatic vein. From a functional perspective (one that takes the arterial, portal venous, and systemic venous anatomy into account) the falciform ligament separates the medial and lateral segments of the left hepatic lobe.[6]
The right lobe is of a somewhat quadrilateral form. Its under and posterior surfaces being marked by three fossæ: the fossa for the
Quadrate lobe
The quadrate lobe is an area of the
It is oblong in shape, its antero-posterior diameter being greater than its transverse.
Caudate lobe
The caudate lobe (posterior hepatic segment I) is situated upon the posterosuperior surface of the liver on the right lobe of the liver, opposite the tenth and eleventh thoracic vertebrae.
The caudate lobe of the liver is bounded below by the
Budd–Chiari syndrome, caused by occlusion of hepatic venous outflow, can lead to hypertrophy of the caudate lobe due to its own caval anastomosis that allows for continued function of this lobe of the liver.
The caudate lobe is named after the tail-shaped hepatic tissue (cauda; Latin, "tail") papillary process of the liver, which arise from its left side. It also has a caudate process (that is not tail-like shaped) arising from its right side, which provides surface continuity between the caudate lobe and the visceral surface of the anatomical right lobe of the liver.[2] The caudate process is a small elevation of the hepatic substance extending obliquely and laterally, from the lower extremity of the caudate lobe to the undersurface of the right lobe.
The caudate lobe has a complex blood supply system. It derives its arterial supply from the caudate arteries, which arise from the right, left, and middle hepatic arteries that are connected to each other.[7] Besides, the caudate lobe also derives its supply from the right and left branches of the portal vein. Its venous drainage is through short hepatic veins that drain directly into the inferior vena cava (IVC) due to its proximity to the IVC.[8]
References
This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)
- ^ Karanjia N. "Anatomy of the Liver". Liver.co.uk. Retrieved 2015-06-26.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-4963-5404-4.
- ISBN 978-1-4557-5383-3.
- ^ Mudgal P, Hacking C, Di Muzio B, et al. "Cantlie's line | Radiology Reference Article". Radiopaedia.org. Retrieved 2015-06-26.
- ISBN 978-3-540-76839-5.
- PMID 20637938.
- PMID 27586453.
- PMID 33816170.
External links
- "Anatomy diagram: 12581.000-1". Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator. Elsevier. Archived from the original on 2012-07-22.
- Anatomy photo:38:12-0201 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "The Visceral Surface of the Liver"
- Anatomy image:7768 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center
- Anatomy image:8189 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center
- Cross section image: pembody/body8a—Plastination Laboratory at the Medical University of Vienna
- "Anatomy diagram: 12581.000-1". Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator. Elsevier. Archived from the original on 2012-07-22.
- Anatomy photo:37:02-0201 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Abdominal Cavity: Inspection of the Abdominal Viscera in situ"
- Anatomy photo:38:12-0204 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "The Visceral Surface of the Liver"
- Cross section image: pembody/body8a—Plastination Laboratory at the Medical University of Vienna
