Lone Pine, California
Lone Pine | ||
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FIPS code 06-42580 | | |
GNIS feature ID | 277545 |
Lone Pine is a
History
The
A cabin was built here during the winter of 1861–62.[3] A settlement developed over the following two years.[3] The Lone Pine post office opened in 1870.[3]
On March 26, 1872, at 2:30 am, Lone Pine experienced a violent
During the 1870s, Lone Pine was an important supply town for several nearby mining communities, including Kearsarge, Cerro Gordo, Keeler, Swansea, and Darwin.[10] The Cerro Gordo mine high in the Inyo Mountains was one of the most productive silver mines in California.[10] The silver was carried in ore buckets on a strong cable to Keeler, and then transported 4 miles (6.4 km) northwest to smelter ovens at Swansea.[10] To supply the necessary building materials and fuel for these operations, a sawmill was constructed near Horseshoe Meadows by Colonel Sherman Stevens that produced wood for the smelters and the mines.[10] The wood was moved by flume to the valley, where it was burned in adobe kilns to make charcoal, which was then transported by steamships across Owens Lake to the smelters at Swansea, about 12 miles (19 km) south of Lone Pine.[10]
Railroads played a major role in the development of Lone Pine and the Owens Valley. In 1883, the Carson and Colorado Railway line was constructed from Belleville, Nevada, across the White Mountains to Benton, and then down into the Owens Valley where it ended in Keeler.[11] The arrival of the C&C rail line, with its engine "The Slim Princess", and the stagecoach in Keeler were a major economic boost for the area. Twice a week, passengers arrived on the evening train, spent the night at the Lake View Hotel (later renamed the Hotel Keeler), and then took the stage the following morning to Mojave.[11] A short line to the north connected with the Virginia and Truckee Railroad line at Mound House, Nevada.[11]
In 1920, the history of Lone Pine was dramatically altered when a movie production company came to the Alabama Hills to make the silent film The Round-Up.[12] Other companies soon discovered the scenic location, and in the coming decades, over 400 films, 100 television episodes, and countless commercials have used Lone Pine and the Alabama Hills as a film location.[12] Notable films shot here in the 1920s and 1930s include Riders of the Purple Sage (1925) with Tom Mix, The Enchanted Hill (1926) with Jack Holt, Somewhere in Sonora (1927) with Ken Maynard, Blue Steel (1934) with John Wayne, Hop-Along Cassidy (1935) with William Boyd, The Charge of the Light Brigade (1936) with Errol Flynn, Oh, Susanna! (1936) with Gene Autry, Rhythm on the Range (1936) with Bing Crosby, The Cowboy and the Lady (1938) with Gary Cooper, Under Western Stars (1938) with Roy Rogers, and Gunga Din (1939) with Cary Grant.
In the coming decades, Lone Pine and the Alabama Hills continued to be used as the setting for Western films, including
The most important movie filmed in and around Lone Pine is director Raoul Walsh's High Sierra (1941), starring Humphrey Bogart as Roy Earle in the role that moved Bogart from respected supporting player to leading man. Cast and crew lodged in Lone Pine, and Walsh shot various scenes in and around Lone Pine. For the film's mountain chase scenes, Walsh took everyone to nearby Mt. Whitney, where pack mules lugged camera equipment up the mountainside: "filming began just outside Lone Pine ... on August 5, 1940. ... On a slope at the side of Mt. Whitney, ... a group of twenty men from the studio worked for four days to clear a path so that mountain-trained mules, packing cameras and other equipment, could get up to the shooting area. ... Bogart had to run three miles up a mountainside for two days ... Walsh ordered all the big boulders removed from the path of [Bogart's] final fall, but the little ones remained, and Bogart complained about that plenty ... Bogie especially did not want to trek up that mountain. This was the shoot on which Walsh gave him the nickname 'Bogey the Beefer'".[13] John Huston wrote the screenplay, and Ida Lupino co-starred.
Following the
Geography
Lone Pine is situated in the Owens Valley with the picturesque Alabama Hills lying to the west. Their unique appearance has attracted many film companies over the years. The hills were named in 1862 by Southern sympathisers, commemorating the victories of the Confederate ship CSS Alabama.[15]
As the crow flies, Lone Pine is 95 miles (153 km) due east of
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 19.2 square miles (50 km2), of which 19.0 square miles (49 km2) is land and 0.2 square miles (0.52 km2) (0.94%) is water.
Climate
Lone Pine and most of the Owens Valley have a cold desert climate (Köppen climate classification: BWk) characterised by hot summers and cold winters. January temperatures range from the middle fifties °F (+12 °C–+15 °C) to the upper twenties °F (-4 °C–-1 °C) and July temperatures range from the upper nineties °F (35 °C–37 °C) to the lower sixties °F (15 °C–18 °C). Low humidity is prevalent, with average annual precipitation averaging less than 6 inches (150 mm). Snowfall varies greatly from year-to-year, averaging only 5 inches (130 mm) annually. The nearest official National Weather Service co-operative weather station is in Independence where records date back to 1893.[16] The National Weather Service has added an automated weather station in Lone Pine, which provides observations on its website, weather.gov.[17]
Demographics
2010
The
The Census reported that 1,972 people (96.9% of the population) lived in households, 0 (0%) lived in non-institutionalised group quarters, and 63 (3.1%) were institutionalised.
There were 831 households, out of which 254 (30.6%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 374 (45.0%) were
The population was spread out, with 492 people (24.2%) under the age of 18, 136 people (6.7%) aged 18 to 24, 442 people (21.7%) aged 25 to 44, 580 people (28.5%) aged 45 to 64, and 385 people (18.9%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41.9 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.1 males.
There were 1,004 housing units at an average density of 52.3 per square mile (20.2/km2), of which 831 were occupied, of which 452 (54.4%) were owner-occupied, and 379 (45.6%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.6%; the rental vacancy rate was 7.1%. 1,030 people (50.6% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 942 people (46.3%) lived in rental housing units.
2000
As of the
There were 709 households, out of which 29.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.4% were married couples living together, 10.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.8% were non-families. 32.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.88.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 24.6% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 22.5% from 25 to 44, 25.8% from 45 to 64, and 20.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.7 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $29,079, and the median income for a family was $35,800. Males had a median income of $30,813 versus $22,778 for females. The
Lone Pine Indian Reservation
The
Tourism
The town is home to an Interagency Visitor Center at SR136 and US395.[21]
Much of the local economy is based on tourism, as the town is between several major tourist destinations, such as Mount Whitney, Sequoia National Park, Kings Canyon National Park, Mammoth Mountain, Death Valley National Park, and Yosemite National Park; many motels line the main road through town.
Manzanar National Historic Site
The
Sierra Nevada
The
Film history at Lone Pine
The Lone Pine Film History Museum, supported by Beverly and Jim Rogers, highlights the area's frequent appearances in Hollywood feature films. The
Barbara Stanwyck in accordance with her wishes had her cremated remains and ashes scattered from a helicopter over Lone Pine, California, where she had made some of her western films.[25][26][27]
The Forum Theater is a theater-cafe that hosts live music, theater, and films at weekends. The Lone Pine Film Festival[28] has been held every year since 1989 to celebrate the rich heritage that filmmakers have brought to the area over the years.
The Alabama Hills Recreation Area is directed by the Bureau of Land Management for public recreation.[29]
Events
From 1971 through 1981, Lone Pine was the site of the annual
Government
In the
Federally, Lone Pine is in California's 3rd congressional district, represented by Republican Kevin Kiley.[37]
Transportation
Serving the area with a 4,000-foot (1,200 m) runway, Lone Pine Airport (FAA identifier: O26) is located approximately one mile (1.6 km) southeast of town at 36°35′17″N 118°03′07″W / 36.58806°N 118.05194°W.[38][39]
The community is located on
Public transportation is provided by
Education
Lone Pine has one high school, Lone Pine High School. It is located at the south end of town along Highway 395. Lo-Inyo elementary school is located at the north end of town, just off 395.
See also
References
- ^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files - Places - California". census.gov. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 26, 2015.
- ^ a b c "Lone Pine". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved March 26, 2015.
- ^ ISBN 1-884995-14-4.
- ^ Licensed Healthcare Facilities, 2006, California Department of Health Services. This area is defined as being in "California Health Service Area 12".
- ^ lpcwpadmn. "History of the Lone Pine Area". Lone Pine Chamber of Commerce. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
- .
- ^ Hogan, C. Michael & Burnham, Andy (Editor) (2008). "Los Osos Back Bay". Megalithic Portal.
{{cite web}}
:|author=
has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Sierra College Press. Retrieved July 16, 2017.
- ^ a b c d "The Great Earthquake of 1872". Lone Pine Chamber of Commerce. Retrieved April 27, 2014.
- ^ a b c d e "History of Mining Around Lone Pine". Lone Pine Chamber of Commerce. Retrieved April 27, 2014.
- ^ a b c "History of the Railroads in the Lone Pine Area". Lone Pine Chamber of Commerce. Retrieved April 27, 2014.
- ^ a b "The Film Industry in the Lone Pine Area". Lone Pine Chamber of Commerce. Retrieved April 27, 2014.
- ^ Moss, Marilyn Ann. Raoul Walsh: The True Adventures of Hollywood's Legendary Director. pp. 192–193.
- ^ "Manzanar". Lone Pine Chamber of Commerce. Retrieved April 27, 2014.
- ^ Your Pass to Play, pamphlet published by the Lone Pine Chamber of Commerce 2007
- ^ "INDEPENDENCE, CALIFORNIA - Climate Summary". www.wrcc.dri.edu. Retrieved April 11, 2018.
- ^ "NWS Mesonet Observations". Archived from the original on October 20, 2011. Retrieved October 13, 2011.
- ^ "2010 Census Interactive Population Search: CA - Lone Pine CDP". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 15, 2014. Retrieved July 12, 2014.
- ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- ^ California Indians and Their Reservations. Archived 2011-01-01 at the Wayback Machine San Diego State University Library and Information Access. 2009 (retrieved 8 Dec 2009)
- ^ a b Inyo National Forest, California 1993, (Salt Lake City, Utah: Forest Service Geometronics Service Center, 1989 (GPO 1994-585-901).
- ^ U.S. Senator Barbara Boxer's web site lists California tribal lands.
- ^ "Lone Pine Film Database". Lone Pine Film History Museum. Archived from the original on August 12, 2014. Retrieved June 1, 2012.
- ISBN 978-1880756171.
- ^ Wilson, Scott. Resting Places: The Burial Sites of More Than 14,000 Famous Persons (3d ed: 2 (Kindle Location 44716) ed.). McFarland & Company, Inc.
- ^ Callahan (2012), p. 220.
- ^ Wilson, Scott. Resting Places: The Burial Sites of More Than 14,000 Famous Persons, 3d ed.: 2 (Kindle Location 44716). McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers.
- ^ "Index". Lone Pine Film Festival. Archived from the original on June 28, 2007. Retrieved July 11, 2007.
- ^ "Alabama's Scenic Byways". Bureau of Land Management. Archived from the original on May 27, 2010.
- ^ "The California Chess Reporter" (PDF). 1976. Retrieved January 19, 2016.
- ^ Byrne, Robert. "Chess: Korchnoi Takes Lone Pine And a Little Sweet Revenge". New York Times. Retrieved April 11, 2018.
- ^ "The California Chess Reporter" (PDF). 1973. Retrieved January 19, 2016.
- ^ "The California Chess Reporter" (PDF). 1974. Retrieved January 19, 2016.
- ^ "The California Chess Reporter" (PDF). 1971. Retrieved January 19, 2016.
- ^ "Senators". State of California. Retrieved April 11, 2013.
- ^ "Members Assembly". State of California. Retrieved April 11, 2013.
- ^ "California's 8th Congressional District - Representatives & District Map". Civic Impulse, LLC. Retrieved April 11, 2013.
- ^ U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, Southwest Airport Facility Directory, (unknown year).
- ^ U.S. Geological Survey, 1994.
- ^ "Routes & Schedule". Eastern Sierra Transit Authority. Retrieved October 5, 2022.
External links
- Lone Pine Chamber of Commerce
- BLM Alabama Hills Recreation Area website
- Lone Pine Film History Museum
- NPS Manzanar National Historic Site website
- Lone Pine Gem and Mineral Society website