Long Beach, California
Long Beach, California | ||
---|---|---|
FIPS code 06-43000 | | |
GNIS feature IDs | 1652747, 2410866 | |
Website | www |
Long Beach is a city in
Incorporated in 1897, Long Beach lies in Southern California, in the southern part of Los Angeles County.[11] Long Beach is approximately 20 miles (32 km) south of downtown Los Angeles, and is part of the Gateway Cities region. The Port of Long Beach is the second busiest container port in the United States and is among the world's largest shipping ports.[12] The city is over an oilfield with minor wells both directly beneath the city as well as offshore.
The city is known for its waterfront attractions, including the permanently docked RMS Queen Mary and the Aquarium of the Pacific. Long Beach also hosts the Grand Prix of Long Beach, an IndyCar race and the Long Beach Pride Festival and Parade. California State University, Long Beach, one of the largest universities in California by enrollment, is within the city.
History
Tongva period
Spanish and Mexican period
In 1784, the
By 1805, what had been the major Tongva village of Puvunga was thoroughly depleted of villagers, most of whom were brought to Mission San Gabriel for conversion and as a labor force.[14][16] Many villagers died at the mission, which had a high rate of death, particularly among children,[17] attributed to many factors like diseases that spread quickly in the close quarters of the mission's walls, as well as torture, malnourishment, and overworking.[18]
In 1843,
Post-Conquest period
Following the U.S.
Incorporation
The City of Long Beach was officially incorporated in 1897. The town grew as a seaside resort with light agricultural uses.[19] The Pike was the most famous beachside amusement zone on the West Coast from 1902 until 1969; it offered bathers food, games and rides, such at the Sky Wheel dual Ferris wheel and Cyclone Racer roller coaster. Gradually the oil industry, Navy shipyard and facilities and port became the mainstays of the city. In the 1950s it was referred to as "Iowa by the sea", due to a large influx of people from that and other Midwestern states. Huge picnics for migrants from each state were a popular annual event in Long Beach until the 1960s. Another Bixby cousin, John W. Bixby, was influential in the city. After first working for his cousins at Los Cerritos, J.W. Bixby leased land at
When Jotham Bixby died in 1916, the remaining 3,500 acres (14 km2) of Rancho Los Cerritos was subdivided into the neighborhoods of
Pine Avenue near 4th became the center of a large shopping district. Besides upscale
Oil was discovered in 1921 on Signal Hill, which split off as a separately incorporated city shortly afterward. The discovery of the
The M6.4
The Ford Motor Company built a factory called Long Beach Assembly at the then address in 1929 as "700 Henry Ford Avenue, Long Beach" where the factory began building the Ford Model A. Production of Ford vehicles continued after the war until 1960, when the plant was closed due to a fire,[27] and January 1991 when the factory was demolished partially due to air quality remediation efforts. Ford had earlier opened a factory in Los Angeles at 12th Street and Olive, with a later factory built at East Seventh Street and Santa Fe Avenue after 1914.[28]
Come 1938, the creation of Housing Authorities for both the City and County of Los Angeles were complete — and North Long Beach was to be home to the County Authority's first order of business: the Carmelitos Housing Project, Southern California's first affordable housing complex.[24]
World War II
Long Beach, as a port city, had a relationship with the U.S. Navy even before the war.[29] The city was part of the Battle of Los Angeles during World War II when observers for the United States Army Air Forces reported shells being fired from the sea. Anti-aircraft batteries fired into the night sky, although no planes were ever sighted.
Long Beach's population grew substantially during and after the war, with workers being needed for wartime manufacturing and G.I. bill recipients seeking out homes in California.[29] Suburbs were built by the Bixby land companies and others.[29]
Geography
Long Beach is about 21 miles (34 km) south of downtown Los Angeles. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 80.35 square miles (208.1 km2), of which 50.70 square miles (131.3 km2) is land and 29.64 square miles (76.8 km2) (36.8%) is water. Long Beach completely surrounds the city of Signal Hill.
Climate
Long Beach has a climate that can either be described as a
According to data analysis provided by the NWS, The annual average temperature of Long Beach is 64.9 °F (18.3 °C), of which August is the hottest month with an average temperature of 74.3 °F (23.5 °C), while December is the coldest month with an average temperature of 56.7 °F (13.7 °C).[33] In terms of temperature, Long Beach and other California cities such as Los Angeles and San Francisco have the hottest month of the year usually in August and the coolest month in December. Long Beach has 23 days of afternoon temperatures above 90 °F (32.2 °C) each year, and about two days a year are above 100 °F (37.8 °C).[34]
Long Beach's location directly east of the
As in most locations in Southern California, most rainfall in Long Beach occurs during the winter months. Storms can bring heavy rainfall.[35] The annual precipitation in Long Beach is 12.02 inches (305.3 mm), of which the precipitation from December to March of the following year accounts for 81% of the whole year.[33] June to September is usually rainless, especially August.[34]
Climate data for Long Beach, California (Long Beach Airport), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1958–present | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 93 (34) |
92 (33) |
98 (37) |
105 (41) |
104 (40) |
109 (43) |
109 (43) |
105 (41) |
111 (44) |
111 (44) |
101 (38) |
92 (33) |
111 (44) |
Mean maximum °F (°C) | 83.1 (28.4) |
82.4 (28.0) |
84.9 (29.4) |
89.4 (31.9) |
89.4 (31.9) |
89.4 (31.9) |
93.0 (33.9) |
95.9 (35.5) |
99.7 (37.6) |
95.5 (35.3) |
89.4 (31.9) |
80.1 (26.7) |
102.1 (38.9) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 67.4 (19.7) |
66.8 (19.3) |
68.6 (20.3) |
71.4 (21.9) |
73.1 (22.8) |
76.1 (24.5) |
81.4 (27.4) |
83.2 (28.4) |
82.4 (28.0) |
77.7 (25.4) |
72.5 (22.5) |
66.7 (19.3) |
73.9 (23.3) |
Daily mean °F (°C) | 57.1 (13.9) |
57.6 (14.2) |
59.9 (15.5) |
62.7 (17.1) |
65.5 (18.6) |
68.7 (20.4) |
73.1 (22.8) |
74.3 (23.5) |
73.1 (22.8) |
68.4 (20.2) |
62.0 (16.7) |
56.7 (13.7) |
64.9 (18.3) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 46.9 (8.3) |
48.4 (9.1) |
51.2 (10.7) |
53.9 (12.2) |
57.9 (14.4) |
61.3 (16.3) |
64.9 (18.3) |
65.5 (18.6) |
63.9 (17.7) |
59.1 (15.1) |
51.6 (10.9) |
46.6 (8.1) |
55.9 (13.3) |
Mean minimum °F (°C) | 38.7 (3.7) |
40.2 (4.6) |
43.4 (6.3) |
47.2 (8.4) |
52.6 (11.4) |
56.8 (13.8) |
60.7 (15.9) |
61.2 (16.2) |
58.3 (14.6) |
51.8 (11.0) |
43.2 (6.2) |
37.9 (3.3) |
36.4 (2.4) |
Record low °F (°C) | 25 (−4) |
33 (1) |
33 (1) |
38 (3) |
40 (4) |
47 (8) |
51 (11) |
55 (13) |
50 (10) |
39 (4) |
34 (1) |
28 (−2) |
25 (−4) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 2.89 (73) |
3.02 (77) |
1.65 (42) |
0.56 (14) |
0.26 (6.6) |
0.07 (1.8) |
0.05 (1.3) |
0.01 (0.25) |
0.08 (2.0) |
0.53 (13) |
0.75 (19) |
2.15 (55) |
12.02 (305) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 6.0 | 6.5 | 5.5 | 2.9 | 1.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 2.3 | 3.1 | 5.2 | 35.0 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
64.7 | 66.9 | 67.2 | 65.4 | 68.2 | 69.6 | 68.3 | 68.5 | 69.2 | 67.6 | 67.1 | 66.2 | 67.4 |
Average dew point °F (°C) | 41.4 (5.2) |
43.9 (6.6) |
45.3 (7.4) |
47.1 (8.4) |
52.0 (11.1) |
55.6 (13.1) |
59.2 (15.1) |
60.6 (15.9) |
58.8 (14.9) |
53.4 (11.9) |
46.9 (8.3) |
42.1 (5.6) |
50.5 (10.3) |
Source 1: NOAA (dew points and relative humidity 1961–1990)[33][36] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: National Weather Service[34] |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
See or edit raw graph data.
Neighborhoods
Long Beach is composed of many different neighborhoods. Some neighborhoods are named after thoroughfares, while others are named for nearby parks, schools, or city features.
Environment
Pollution
Long Beach suffers from some of the worst air pollution in the entire
Similarly, the water quality in the Long Beach portion of
Ecology
The area has historically included several ecological communities, with coastal scrub dominating.
Since the arrival of Europeans, many alien species have become naturalized in the area. Introduced plants include yellow
Demographics
The top five countries of origin for Long Beach's immigrants are Mexico, the Philippines, Cambodia, El Salvador and Vietnam.[45] The most common foreign languages spoken in Long Beach are Spanish, Khmer and Tagalog.[46]
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1890 | 564 | — | |
1900 | 2,252 | 299.3% | |
1910 | 17,809 | 690.8% | |
1920 | 55,593 | 212.2% | |
1930 | 142,032 | 155.5% | |
1940 | 164,271 | 15.7% | |
1950 | 250,767 | 52.7% | |
1960 | 334,168 | 33.3% | |
1970 | 358,879 | 7.4% | |
1980 | 361,498 | 0.7% | |
1990 | 429,433 | 18.8% | |
2000 | 461,522 | 7.5% | |
2010 | 462,257 | 0.2% | |
2020 | 466,742 | 1.0% | |
2023 (est.) | 458,222 | [47] | −1.8% |
U.S. Decennial Census[48] 2010–2020[9] |
Historical Demographic profile | 2019[49] | 2010[50] | 1990[51] | 1970[51] | 1950[51] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
White
|
52.3% | 46.1% | 58.4% | 91.8% | 97.4% |
—Non-Hispanic | 28.4% | 29.4% | 49.5% | 86.2% | N/A |
Black or African American
|
11.3% | 13.5% | 13.7% | 5.3% | 1.7% |
Hispanic or Latino (of any race) | 43.2% | 40.8% | 23.6% | 6.0% | N/A |
Asian
|
11.8% | 12.9% | 13.6% | 1.9% | 0.7% |
2020
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2000[52] | Pop 2010[53] | Pop 2020[54] | % 2000 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
White alone (NH)
|
152,899 | 135,698 | 121,970 | 33.13% | 29.36% | 26.13% |
Black or African American alone (NH)
|
66,836 | 59,925 | 55,894 | 14.48% | 12.96% | 11.98% |
Alaska Native alone (NH)
|
1,772 | 1,349 | 1,119 | 0.38% | 0.29% | 0.24% |
Asian alone (NH) | 54,937 | 58,268 | 59,308 | 11.90% | 12.61% | 12.71% |
Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 5,392 | 4,915 | 3,937 | 1.17% | 1.06% | 0.84% |
Other race alone (NH) | 1,013 | 1,118 | 2,736 | 0.22% | 0.24% | 0.59% |
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) | 13,581 | 12,572 | 19,781 | 2.94% | 2.72% | 4.24% |
Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 165,092 | 188,412 | 201,997 | 35.77% | 40.76% | 43.28% |
Total | 461,522 | 462,257 | 466,742 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
2010
The
The ethnic Cambodian population of approximately 20,000 is the largest outside of Asia.[57]
The Census reported 453,980 people (98.2% of the population) lived in households, 5,321 (1.2%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 2,956 (0.6%) were institutionalized.[56]
There were 163,531 households, out of which 58,073 (35.5%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 61,850 (37.8%) were
The age distribution of the city was as follows: 115,143 people (24.9%) were under the age of 18, 54,163 people (11.7%) aged 18 to 24, 140,910 people (30.5%) aged 25 to 44, 109,206 people (23.6%) aged 45 to 64, and 42,835 people (9.3%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.8 males.
There were 176,032 dwelling units at an average density of 3,422.2 per square mile (1,321.3/km2), of which 67,949 (41.6%) were owner-occupied, and 95,582 (58.4%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.0%; the rental vacancy rate was 7.2%. 195,254 people (42.2% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 258,726 people (56.0%) lived in rental housing units.
During 2009–2013, Long Beach had a
As of 2014, the population of Long Beach was 473,577.
2000
As of the
The city has changed since the 1950s, when its population was predominantly European-American and the city was nicknamed "Iowa by the Sea" or "Iowa under Palm Trees" as it had a slower pace than neighboring Los Angeles. In 1950, whites represented 97.4% of Long Beach's population.
According to a report by
Long Beach once had a sizable
As of the 2000 census, there were 163,088 households, out of which 35.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.2% were married couples living together, 16.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.9% were non-families. Of all households, 29.6% were made up of individuals, and 7.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.77 and the average family size was 3.55.
In the city, 29.2% of the population was under the age of 18, 10.9% from 18 to 24, 32.9% from 25 to 44, 18.0% from 45 to 64, and 9.1% was 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.5 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $37,270, and the median income for a family was $40,002. Males had a median income of $36,807 versus $31,975 for females. The
The most commonly reported ancestries of Long Beach residents were Mexican (28.1%) and German (5.5%), according to the 2000 census. Mexico (51.0%) and Philippines (10.3%) were the most common foreign places of birth.[63]
Homelessness
In 2022, the Long Beach's point-in-time Homeless Count counted 3,296 homeless individuals in the city.[64]
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
2015 | 2,345 | — |
2017 | 1,863 | −20.6% |
2019 | 1,894 | +1.7% |
2020 | 2,034 | +7.4% |
2022 | 3,296 | +62.0% |
Source: Long Beach Homeless Count |
Economy
This section needs additional citations for verification. (May 2007) |
The economic base has changed over the years. Oil extraction created a boom and continues to fund portions of the city budget.
Epson America, Inc. the U.S. affiliate of Japan-based
The Long Beach Accelerator was founded in 2019 as a public-private partnership between the city of Long Beach, Sunstone Management, and California State University, Long Beach, with the aim of growing the presence of diverse technology entrepreneurs in the city.[72]
Top employers
# | Employer | Employees (2022)[73] | Industry | HQ |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Long Beach Unified School District | 12,049 | Education | |
2 | City of Long Beach | 5,395 | Government | |
3 | Long Beach Memorial Medical Center | 4,950 | Healthcare | |
4 | VA Long Beach Healthcare System | 3,524 | Healthcare | |
5 | California State University, Long Beach | 3,336 | Education | |
6 | Long Beach City College | 3,321 | Education | |
7 | Boeing | 2,019 | Aerospace | |
8 | St. Mary Medical Center | 1,547 | Healthcare | |
9 | CSULB Research Foundation | 1,261 | R&D | |
10 | Molina Healthcare | 1,119 | Healthcare |
Trade valued annually at more than $140 billion moves through Long Beach, making it the second busiest seaport in the United States. The Port supports more than 30,000 jobs in Long Beach, 316,000 jobs throughout Southern California and 1.4 million jobs throughout the United States. It generates about $16 billion in annual trade-related wages statewide.[74]
Retail
Arts and culture
Art
The
Long Beach's newest museum is The Pacific Island Ethnic Art Museum (PieAM). This museum was a project of Robert Gumbiner at the time of his death.[76] The museum opened October 15, 2010.
In 1965, Long Beach State hosted the first International Sculpture Symposium to be held in the United States and the first at a college or university. Six sculptors from around the world and two from the United States created many of the monumental sculptures seen on the campus. There are now over 20 sculptures on the campus.
Long Beach is known for its street art. Some of the murals were created in conjunction with the city's Mural and Cultural Arts Program, but many others were not.[77][78]
On the exterior of the
Shops and galleries in the
Long Beach has a percent for art program administered through the Arts Council of Long Beach and the Redevelopment Agency which ensures new private developments contribute to the arts fund or commission artworks for their new projects.[79]
Music
The Bob Cole Conservatory of Music, the recently renamed school of music at CSULB, presents a wide variety of classical, jazz, and world music concerts each year. The Conservatory is part of CSULB's renowned College of the Arts.
The
Long Beach Opera, founded in 1979, is the oldest professional opera company serving the Los Angeles and Orange County regions. It presents performances of standard and non-standard opera repertoire at various locations, including the Terrace Theater and Center Theater of the Long Beach Convention and Entertainment Center and the Richard and Karen Carpenter Performing Arts Center at CSULB.[81]
Long Beach Community Concert Association[82] is a volunteer organization that provides musical entertainment appealing to seniors and others, four Sunday afternoons a year at the Carpenter Performing Arts Center[83] at CSULB. LBCCA also has an outreach program taking musical entertainment to senior care and senior housing facilities around the greater Long Beach area.
KJAZZ 88.1 FM (KKJZ) broadcasts from California State University, Long Beach. The station originally featured jazz and blues music exclusively but now plays a broader range of music including Rhythm and Blues (R&b). KKJZ can also be listened to over the Internet.[84] Kbeach is the student owned and operated web-only radio at CSULB.[85]
Long Beach City College operates two internet student-run radio stations, KCTY FM[86] and KLBC AM.
Long Beach is the host to a number of long-running music festivals. They include the Bob Marley Reggae Festival (February), the Cajun & Zydeco Festival (May), the El Dia De San Juan
The Long Beach Municipal Band, founded in 1909, is the longest running, municipally supported band in the country. In 2005, the band played 24 concerts in various parks around Long Beach.[87]
Long Beach is also the point of origin for bands and musicians such as
Theater
Long Beach has several resident professional and semi-professional theater companies. Musical Theatre West, one of the largest regional theatrical producers in Southern California, performs at the Carpenter Performing Arts Center on the campus of CSU Long Beach. International City Theatre produces plays and musicals at the Beverly O'Neill Theatre (part of the Long Beach Convention and Entertainment Center). The Long Beach Playhouse, in continuous operation for over 75 years, has shows running 50 weeks out of the year on two stages.[88] Long Beach Shakespeare Company for over 20 years has provided free outdoor Shakespeare Festivals in the Summer.
Additionally, Long Beach is home to a number of smaller and "black-box" theaters, including the Found Theatre, Alive Theatre,[89] the Garage Theatre[90] and California Repertory Company (part of the graduate theater program at CSULB) that performs at the Royal Theater aboard the Queen Mary in downtown Long Beach.[91] Numerous tours and other stage events come through Long Beach, particularly at the Terrace Theater and the Carpenter Center, and both CSU Long Beach and Long Beach City College maintain active theater departments.
Cultural events
In October, Long Beach State hosts the CSULB Wide Screen Film Festival, at the Carpenter Performing Arts Center. The festival started in 1992 as a showcase for movies shot in the widescreen format, but has since been transformed into an artist-in-residence event. A major video and film artist (such as former CSULB student Steven Spielberg) screens and discusses their own work as well as the ten productions that most influenced their cinematic vision.[92]
The "Naples Island Christmas Parade" has been held since 1946, and passes through the canals of
The Long Beach Lesbian and Gay Pride Parade and Festival has been held in May or June since 1984. It is the second largest event in Long Beach, attracting over 125,000 participants over the two-day celebration. It is the third largest
The Long Beach Sea Festival is held during the summer months (June through August). It features events centered on the ocean and the beach. These events include beach volleyball, movies on the beach, and a tiki festival.[95]
Sites of interest
The
The nonprofit
Lions Lighthouse is a decorative lighthouse built by the Lions Club to advertise their services for the blind. It is popular for scenic viewing.[96]
Rancho Los Alamitos is a 7.5-acre (30,000 m2) historical site owned by the City of Long Beach and is near the Long Beach campus of the California State University system. The site includes five agricultural buildings, including a working blacksmith's shop, 4 acres (16,000 m2) of gardens, and an adobe ranch house dating from around 1800. The Rancho is within a gated community; visitors must pass through security gates to get to it.[97]
Bembridge House, a Queen Anne Victorian house, is open for tours. Long Beach is also home to the Skinny House.[99][100]
The Earl Burns Miller Japanese Garden is on the campus of California State University, Long Beach.
Long Beach offers singing
Parks and recreation
Long Beach led Southern California in parks access, size and spending, ranking 16th among a survey of 75 large U.S. cities, with Los Angeles and Anaheim tied for 51st and Santa Ana 69th, according to a study released by a national conservation group.[103] The Long Beach Department of Parks, Recreation and Marine received a Gold Medal award from the National Recreation and Park Association in 2002, 2003, and 2004, recognizing the Department's "outstanding management practices and programs". The department manages 92 parks covering over 3,100 acres (13 km2) throughout the city. The department also operates four public swimming pools, and four launch ramps for boaters to access the Pacific Ocean.
The 815 acres (3.30 km2)
The Long Beach Green Belt path is a section of the old Pacific Electric right-of-way, restored by community activists as native habitat. The right-of-way was cleared of nonnatives, planted with indigenous plants, and made accessible with foot and bike paths. It supports approximately 40 species of California native plants as well as urban wildlife. The city and its residents have initiatives underway to revegetate the Long Beach stretch of the Los Angeles River with indigenous plants.[105]
The
The Municipal Fly Casting Pool
Rosie's Dog Beach in Belmont Shore is the only legal off-leash beach area for dogs in Los Angeles County.[113] This 3-acre (12,000 m2) area is situated between Roycroft and Argonne Avenues.
Sports
Grand Prix of Long Beach
The Grand Prix of Long Beach in April is the single largest event in Long Beach. It started in 1975 as a
The Long Beach Motorsports Walk of Fame is on South Pine Avenue in front of the Long Beach Convention Center adjacent to the Long Beach Grand Prix circuit. The Walk of Fame was created in 2006 to honor key contributors to motorsports and annually inducts new members in conjunction with the Long Beach Grand Prix. A 22-inch (560 mm) bronze medallion is placed in the sidewalk for each new inductee. The medallion includes a rendition of the racer's car and lists top achievements in motor sports.
Long Beach Marathon
The Long Beach Marathon is run every year in October throughout the City of Long Beach. The annual event includes a variety of races including a Kids Fun Run, a Bike Tour, 5K, Half Marathon and Full Marathon. All races begin and end around the Shoreline Village area of downtown Long Beach. 25,000 runners and cyclists participated in the 2013 festivities drawing nearly 50,000 people attending the event overall.
Baseball
The
Basketball
Long Beach was the home of the American Basketball League team
The minor league
The Southern California Summer Pro League is a showcase for current and prospective NBA basketball players, including recent draft picks, NBA players working on their skills and conditioning, and international professionals hoping to become NBA players. The league plays in the Pyramid-on the Long Beach State campus during July.
Sailing
Since its inception in August 1964, the Congressional Cup has grown into one of the major international sailing events. Now held in April, it is the only grade 1
The Leeway Sailing and Aquatics Center on Alamitos Bay in Belmont Shore is a youth sailing program founded in 1929.[116]
Water skiing
In July, there is the annual Catalina Ski Race, which starts from Long Beach Harbor and goes to
Surfing
Although California's surfing scene is said to have gotten its start in Long Beach when in 1911 two surfers returned from Hawaii and the city hosted the first National Surfing and Paddleboard Championships in 1938, surfing is now uncommon in Long Beach due to a 2.2-mile (3.5 km) long breakwater built in 1949 to protect the United States Pacific Fleet. The breakwater reduces "mighty waves to mere lake-like lapping along the city's beaches". The fleet left in the 1990s, and now some residents are calling for it to be lowered or eliminated and the city has commissioned a $100,000 study for this purpose.[120] In November 2019, the study concluded that any changes to the breakwater would be far too costly and could have potential impacts on the port of Long Beach, the port of Los Angeles, the oil islands, U.S. Naval Operations, Shoreline Marina, and the Peninsula.[121]
Rugby union
The
College sports
The other collegiate sports team in the city is that of Long Beach City College. The school has appeared in national championships in men's gymnastics (6), football (5), women's soccer (3), and men's doubles and singles tennis (1 each). They have also had state championships in numerous sports, including 2006–7 championships in men's and women's water polo.[126]
Archery
The archery field in
CSU Long Beach has one of the few remaining university varsity archery teams in California.
2028 Summer Olympics
Multiple sports will be held in Long Beach during the 2028 Summer Olympics, including BMX racing, water polo, triathlon, open water swimming, sailing, rowing, canoeing and handball.[128]
Government
Municipal
Long Beach is a California
Long Beach is a full-service city that provides nearly all of its own municipal services, in contrast with a contract city. City hall provides a full range of traditional municipal services through the various departments that make up its staff of civil servants. In addition to its own police and fire departments, Long Beach provides:
- Municipal water supply and sewer service through the Long Beach Water Department, which has a water treatment plant within the city and an extensive reclaimed water system for parks and other landscaping[132]
- A Gas & Oil Department, which manages consumer natural gas service and infrastructure, as well as crude oil extraction subsidence control[133]
- Health services through the Long Beach Health & Human Services Department, which handles both environmental health (such as restaurant/food inspection) and public health services. This is one of the only four municipal health departments in California (the other three being Berkeley, Pasadena, and Vernon)
- Sanitation and recycling services through the Environmental Services Bureau in the Public Works Department[134]
- Animal control service that, in addition to serving Long Beach, serves nearby cities including Signal Hill and Seal Beach
- A City Auditor
- A City Prosecutor
Long Beach held its elections for City Council on April (primary) and June (runoff) until the 2018 election. Starting with the 2020 election, primary election is being held in March and runoff election is being held in November.
The major exception to the full range of municipal services is electricity, which is provided by Southern California Edison.
Federal and state representation
In the
In the United States House of Representatives, Long Beach is split between California's 42nd congressional district (Rep. Robert Garcia) and 44th district (Rep. Nanette Barragán).
Politics
According to the California Secretary of State, as of October 19, 2020, Long Beach has 279,735 registered voters. Of those, 147,276 (52.65%) are registered Democrats, 47,615 (17.02%) are registered Republicans, and 66,857 (23.90%) have declined to state a political party/are independents.[137]
Infrastructure
Police department
The Long Beach Police Department provides law enforcement for the City of Long Beach.
Restrictions on registered sex offenders
On March 18, 2008, Long Beach became the first city in California to heavily restrict residency and visitation rights for California
Fire department
The Long Beach Fire Department (LBFD), ISO Class 1, provides fire protection and emergency medical services to the City of Long Beach.[141] The Long Beach Fire Department operates out of 23 Fire Stations throughout the city.[142]
In addition to serving 55 square miles (140 km2) with over 500,000 residents, the department's Marine Safety Division patrols the waterways and beach front areas.
Marine Safety Division
The Marine Safety Division is responsible for the operation and management of the
County
- The Los Angeles Superior Court, which covers all of Los Angeles County, operates the Governor George Deukmejian Courthouse in downtown Long Beach.[145]It is one of the 50 courthouses in the county.
- The
State and federal
- The NOAAand other federal agencies, although NOAA plans to shift leadership of the Fisheries office to the Pacific Northwest and shrink this office through attrition.
- The U.S. Postal Service serves as the main postal facility for Long Beach.[147]
- The Long Beach Naval Shipyard was established in 1943 and closed in 1997, employing over 16,000 people at its peak in 1945.
- VA Long Beach Healthcare System including the Tibor Rubin VA Medical Center and Cabrillo VA Clinic[148]
Education
Primary and secondary schools
Public schools
Long Beach Unified School District serves most of the City of Long Beach.[149]
LBUSD high schools in the Long Beach city limits:
- Cabrillo High School
- Jordan High School
- Long Beach Polytechnic High School
- Millikan High School
- Wilson High School
- Ernest McBride High School
- Sato Academy of Mathematics and Science
Other school districts that serve sections of Long Beach include:[149]
- ABC Unified School District
- Paramount Unified School District
- Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD)
- Rancho Dominguez Preparatory School, an LAUSD facility, is in the Long Beach city limits[150]
Private schools
Colleges and universities
Long Beach, California has two public institutions dedicated to higher education: California State University, Long Beach and Long Beach City College.
Founded in 1949, California State University, Long Beach is a comprehensive public university in the tree-filled Los Altos neighborhood. Long Beach State is three miles away from the Pacific Ocean and is known for their resources of the arts, such as the Carpenter Performing Arts Center.[151]
Long Beach City College is a community college established in 1927. LBCC is composed of two separate campuses; the Liberal Arts Campus is on the residential area of Lakewood Village, while the Pacific Coast Campus is adjacent to the Eastside neighborhood.[152]
Additionally, Pacific Coast University, a private non-profit law school, is located in Long Beach.
Transportation
Ports and freight
As of 2005, the Port of Long Beach was the second busiest[153] seaport in the United States and the tenth busiest in the world,[154] shipping some 66 million metric tons of cargo worth $95 billion in 2001. The port serves shipping between the United States and the Pacific Rim. The combined operations of the Port of Long Beach and the Port of Los Angeles are the busiest in the US.
Rail shipping is provided by
- Long Beach Cruise Terminal
Operated by
- Catalina Landing
Catalina Express operates scheduled trips from the Catalina Landing.[157]
Public transportation
- Bus and coach services
Long Beach Transit also operates the Passport shuttle within downtown Long Beach. The free shuttle carries passengers to the
Several transit operators offer services from the
- Light rail
The
Historically, the city was served by Pacific Electric trains, including the Long Beach Line and several local streetcars.
- Taxicabs
Airports
Long Beach Airport serves the Long Beach,
.Freeways and highways
Several
Southeast Long Beach is served by the San Gabriel River Freeway (I-605), which joins the San Diego Freeway at the Long Beach/Los Alamitos border. The Artesia Freeway (SR 91) runs east–west near the northern border of Long Beach. The western portion of the Garden Grove Freeway (SR 22) provides a spur off of the San Diego and 605 Freeways to 7th Street in southeast Long Beach for access to the VA Long Beach Healthcare System, California State University, Long Beach, and the Alamitos Bay.
Pacific Coast Highway (SR 1) takes an east to southwest route through the southern portion of Long Beach. Its intersection with Lakewood Boulevard (SR 19) and Los Coyotes Diagonal is the Los Alamitos Traffic Circle.
Bicycles and pedestrians
The city of Long Beach has five major Class 1 bike paths (separate off-road bike paths) within its boundaries, encompassing over 60 miles (97 km). The city also has many Class 2 (painted lanes on roadway) and Class 3 paths (connecting bike routes with shared use of road with cars).[169]
A 2019 study by Walk Score ranked Long Beach the tenth most walkable of over 100 cities around the world.[170]
Modal characteristics
According to the 2016 American Community Survey, 73.6 percent of working residents of Long Beach commuted by driving alone, 10.2 percent carpooled, 6.2 percent used public transportation, and 3.4 percent walked. About 2 percent commuted by all other means of transportation, including taxi, bicycle, and motorcycle. About 4.6 worked at home.[171]
In 2015, 10.4 percent of city of Long Beach households were without a car, which decreased slightly to 10.0 percent in 2016. The national average was 8.7 percent in 2016. Long Beach averaged 1.69 cars per household in 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8 per household.[172]
Media
Long Beach's daily newspaper is the
On September 30, 1933, the Press-Telegram published what David Dayen called "One of the more influential letters to the editor in American history": Francis Townsend's letter outlining the Townsend Plan, a proposal that sparked a national campaign which influenced the establishment of the Roosevelt administration's Social Security system.[173]
California State University, Long Beach also has a student newspaper published four times a week during the fall and spring semesters, the Daily Forty-Niner.
The Gazette newspapers called The Grunion Gazette, The Downtown Gazette, and The Uptown Gazette are free, weekly newspapers that focus on various parts of the city. The Gazettes were sold to MediaNews (now Digital First Media), owner of the Press-Telegram, in 2004.[174]
Palacio Magazine (formerly Palacio de Long Beach) is a free quarterly,[175] bilingual magazine which runs stories focusing on community, education, art, health and wellness side by side in English and Spanish.[176]
Although not based in Long Beach, the
In 2013 Freedom Communications, owner of the
Radio
Long Beach is part of the Los Angeles
Online
Long Beach has a number of online news outlets, including the Long Beach Post,[180] Long Beach Local News,[181] The Modern Times of Long Beach,[182] FORTHE,[183] and LBReport.com.[184][185]
In popular culture
Because of its proximity to LA-area studios and its variety of locations, today Long Beach is regularly used for movies, television shows, and advertisements. The city has filled in for locations across the nation and around the globe.[186] One advantage for Long Beach is that the video and film industry uses a zone that extends 30 miles (48 km) from Beverly Blvd. and La Cienega Blvd. in the West Hollywood area. It is cheaper to shoot within that zone, so Long Beach and other South Bay cities often stand in for areas of Orange County (such as for The O.C. TV show[187]) because almost all of Orange County is outside of the zone.
One of the most famous Long Beach film locations is the home of Ferris Bueller in Ferris Bueller's Day Off. Though the film was set in the North Shore suburbs of Chicago the house is at 4160 Country Club Dr.[188]
Other locations in Long Beach have been used frequently as well. An episode of
The Long Beach Naval Station and Naval Shipyard were featured in episodes of Visiting... with Huell Howser.[192][193][194] The Pike[195] and SoundWalk art show[196] have also been featured.
The city was used as a filming location for the MSNBC reality television series To Catch a Predator.[197]
Notable people
Sister cities
Long Beach's sister cities are:[198]
Friendship cities
Long Beach has friendly relations with:[198]
See also
- 1939 California tropical storm
- Lakewood Boulevard (State Route 19)
- Largest cities in Southern California
- List of City of Long Beach historic landmarks
- Long Beach Public Library
- Silverado Park, Long Beach, California
- List of U.S. cities with large Hispanic populations
- List of U.S. cities with large Cambodian-American populations
- USS Long Beach, 3 ships
- Long Beach Jane Doe
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