Louis Baraguey d'Hilliers

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Louis Baraguey d'Hilliers
Général de division
Wars and battles

Louis Baraguey d'Hilliers (13 August 1764 – 6 January 1813) was a French Army general who fought in the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. He was the father of Achille Baraguey d'Hilliers, a Marshal of France, and the father-in-law of General Damrémont, governor-general of Algeria.

French Revolution

Louis Baraguay d'Hilliers was born in Paris. He was a minor noble and entered the French Army as a lieutenant in 1784. At the start of the French Revolutionary Wars, he decided to remain in France. By 1793, he had been promoted during the

général de brigade and served as chief of staff to Adam Custine. When Custine was arrested, Baraguey d'Hilliers was arrested as well. Luckier than his chief who died under the guillotine, he was released after the overthrow and execution of Maximilien Robespierre
.

In 1796, Baraguey d'Hilliers commanded part of Paris against insurgents. After another spell in prison on suspicion of

général de division in 1797 he was appointed governor of Venice
.

In 1798, he accompanied Bonaparte to

Battle of Stockach on 3 May and six days later at Biberach.[3] Later he was assigned to guard the Valtellina.[4]

Napoleonic Wars

In 1801, Baraguey d'Hilliers was appointed Inspector General of infantry and in 1804 he became colonel general of the

dragoons. He commanded a dragoon division of the cavalry reserve during the campaign of 1805. He fought under Marshal Michel Ney at the Battle of Elchingen.[5]
In 1808 he again became governor of Venice.

During the campaign of 1809 Baraguey d'Hilliers served under Viceroy

Battle of Raab where he led one division of his corps.[7] He then served for some time as governor of the County of Tyrol with orders to pacify the region. In 1810 he was sent to Spain where he served in Catalonia. Recalled from Spain, he served in the Russian campaign of 1812 where his troops were assigned to guard Smolensk after that city was captured by the French. During the retreat from Moscow, Emperor Napoleon ordered Baraguey d'Hilliers to march east to meet him. However, instead of joining Napoleon, his division marched into the jaws of the advancing Russian army. The Russians surrounded one of his brigades and forced it to surrender on November 9.[8] For this incident, Baraguey d'Hilliers fell into disgrace with the emperor. He died in January 1813 in Berlin
.

References

Footnotes

  1. ^ Boycott-Brown, p 52
  2. ^ Boycott-Brown, p 494, 516
  3. ^ Smith, p 181-182
  4. ^ Chandler, p 198
  5. ^ Chandler, p 198
  6. ^ Bowden & Tarbox, p 111
  7. ^ Bowden & Tarbox, p 118
  8. ^ Zamoyski, p 409