Lupus and pregnancy

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Lupus and pregnancy can present some particular challenges for both mother and child.

While most infants born to mothers who have

kidney transplants are similar to those of transplant recipients without lupus.[2]

Women pregnant and known to have

anti-La antibodies (SSB) often have echocardiograms during the 16th and 30th weeks of pregnancy to monitor the health of the heart and surrounding vasculature.[5]

Contraception and other reliable forms of pregnancy prevention is routinely advised for women with lupus, since getting pregnant during active disease was found to be harmful. Lupus nephritis
was the most common manifestation.

Of live births, approximately one third are delivered

prematurely.[2]

Miscarriage

Lupus causes an increased rate of fetal death in utero and

spontaneous abortion (miscarriage). The overall live-birth rate in somebody with lupus has been estimated to be 72%.[6] Pregnancy outcome appears to be worse in those with lupus whose disease flares up during pregnancy.[7]

Miscarriages in the

anticardiolipin antibodies.[8]

Neonatal lupus

Neonatal lupus is the occurrence of lupus symptoms in an infant born from a mother with lupus, most commonly presenting with a rash resembling discoid lupus erythematosus, and sometimes with systemic abnormalities such as heart block or hepatosplenomegaly.[9] Neonatal lupus is usually benign and self-limited.[9] Still, identification of mothers at highest risk for complications allows for prompt treatment before or after birth. In addition, lupus can flare up during pregnancy, and proper treatment can maintain the health of the mother for longer.[10]

Aggravation of lupus

Aggravation (or exacerbation) of lupus has been estimated to occur in about 20-30% pregnancies where the mother has lupus.

cytokines.[2] However, a long time of remission before pregnancy decreases the risk of aggravation,[11] with an incidence of 7-33% in women who have been in remission for at least 6 months, and an incidence of 61-67% in women who have active lupus at the time of conception.[2]

Renal disease flare-up is the most common presentation of lupus aggravation in pregnancy, and is seen equally in United States and European populations.[2] Serositis with pleural and pericardial effusions are seen in up to 10% of these patients.[2]

On the other hand, flares of lupus are uncommon during pregnancy and are often easily treated.

fatigue.[2]

Also, in the postpartum period, there may be exacerbations of lupus due to decreased levels of anti-inflammatory steroids, elevated levels of prolactin and estrogen and progesterone changes.[2]

In diagnosing an aggravation of lupus in pregnancy, there need to be a

preeclampsia may appear like that of lupus nephritis, thrombocytopenia of the HELLP syndrome may appear like that of lupus, and pregnancy-related edema of joints can appear like arthritis of lupus.[2]

General preventive measures

Continuing glucocorticoids at the lowest effective dose and/or cautious use of azathioprine may be preferred in some patients, but needs to be weighed against potential adverse effects of such medications.[2]

References

  1. ^ "Planning a pregnancy when you have lupus | Lupus Foundation of America". www.lupus.org. Retrieved 2020-10-25.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Pregnancy at Medscape. Author: Ritu Khurana. Chief Editor: David Chelmow. Updated: Sep 20, 2010
  3. ^ "Planning a pregnancy when you have lupus | Lupus Foundation of America". www.lupus.org. Retrieved 2020-10-25.
  4. PMID 22112525.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link
    )
  5. ^ "Handout on Health: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus". The National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. National Institutes of Health. August 2003. Retrieved 2007-11-23.
  6. PMID 20688887
    . Retrieved 20 April 2011.
  7. PMID 12048290
    .
  8. ^ a b c Lupus and Pregnancy by Michelle Petri. The Johns Hopkins Lupus Center. Retrieved May 2011
  9. ^ a b thefreedictionary.com > neonatal lupus Citing: Dorland's Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers. Copyright 2007
  10. ^ "Pregnancy". Retrieved 23 July 2017.
  11. ^ "Praticar Exercicios Durante Gravidez". Barriga Sonho. 24 July 2017. Retrieved 6 September 2017.

External links

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