Lusius Quietus

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Stylised Berber Cavalry under Lusius Quietus, fighting against the Dacians. From the Column of Trajan.

Lusius Quietus (

general and 11th legate of Judaea from 117. He was the principal commander against the Jewish rebellion known as the Kitos War (Kitos is a later corruption of Quietus). As both a general and a highly acclaimed commander, he was notably one of the most accomplished Berber statesmen in ancient Roman history.[1] After the death of the emperor Trajan, Quietus was murdered or executed, possibly on the orders of Trajan's successor Hadrian
.

Life

Originally a Berber[2] prince, Lusius' father and his warriors had supported the Roman legions in their attempt to subdue Mauretania Tingitana (northern modern-day Morocco) during Aedemon's revolt in 40.

Citizen and commander

His father's service to Rome, on a notoriously difficult frontier, was honoured with the gift of Roman citizenship for him and his family. His son Lusius later joined the Roman army and served as an auxiliary officer in the Roman cavalry. For outstanding service, emperor Domitian rewarded him with equestrian rank but later had him dismissed from service for insubordination.

Quietus's fortunes were revived once again when a new emperor,

senator. He next served with the emperor during his campaign in Parthia
during which he led a brilliant rearguard action, which allowed the tactical withdrawal of troops and saved them from destruction. This action brought Quietus acclaim and ensured he was well known to the army.

During the emperor's

Edessa. When the inhabitants of Babylonia
revolted, they were suppressed by Quietus, who was rewarded by being appointed governor of Judaea.

Major revolts by

Egypt resulted in the ransacking of towns and the slaughter of Roman citizens and others by the Jewish rebels, a conflict now known as the Kitos War, after a simplified version of Quietus's name. Quietus took the city of Lydda
and methodically set about defeating the rebellions.

Death

The emperor Trajan died later in the year and was succeeded by

Talmudic
story also relates that the Roman general who defeated the rebellious Jews at this time was suddenly executed.

Bibliography

  • Bartolomeo Borghesi, Œuvres, i. 500;
  • Heinrich Graetz, Geschichte. 3d ed., iv. 116 et seq., 407 et seq.;
  • Emil Schürer, Geschichte 3d ed., i. 617, 666–670;
  • Prosopographia Imperii Romani, ii. 308, No. 325;
  • Adolf Schlatter, Die Tage Trajans und Hadrians, p. 90, (Gütersloh, 1897.)
  • Michael Brett and Elisabeth Fentress. The Berbers pp. 54–55. Blackwell, 1996.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Trajan's War - Livius". www.livius.org. Retrieved 2021-03-01.
  2. ^ Cassius Dio, Dio's Rome, Kessinger Publishing, 2004, v.5, p.117
  3. ^ Histoire des Juifs, Troisième période, I - Chapitre III - Soulèvement des Judéens sous Trajan et Adrien