Lustgarten

Coordinates: 52°31′07″N 13°23′59″E / 52.51861°N 13.39972°E / 52.51861; 13.39972
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

This article is about the park. For the Polish footballer, see Józef Lustgarten.
Lustgarten
Lustgarten in front of the Old Museum
Map
LocationBerlin
Coordinates52°31′07″N 13°23′59″E / 52.51861°N 13.39972°E / 52.51861; 13.39972
Created1646
StatusOpen year round

The Lustgarten (German:

Berliner Stadtschloss (Berlin City Palace) of which it was originally a part. At various times in its history, the park has been used as a parade ground, a place for mass rallies and a public park.[1]

The area of the Lustgarten was originally developed in the 16th century as a

Luise Henriette of Nassau. It was Luise, with the assistance of a military engineer Johann Mauritz and a landscape gardener Michael Hanff
, who, in 1646, converted the former kitchen garden into a formal garden, with fountains and geometric paths, and gave it its current name, Pleasure Garden.

In 1713,

Napoleon
again drilled troops there.

In the early 19th century, the enlarged and increasingly wealthy Kingdom of Prussia undertook major redevelopments of central Berlin. A large, new classical building, the Old Museum, was built at the north-western end of the Lustgarten by the leading architect, Karl Friedrich Schinkel,[2] and between 1826 and 1829 the Lustgarten was redesigned by Peter Joseph Lenné, with formal paths dividing the park into six sectors. A 13-metre high fountain in the centre, operated by a steam engine, was one of the marvels of the age. In 1871, the fountain was replaced by a large equestrian statue of Friedrich Wilhelm III by Albert Wolff. The statue was unveiled on 16 June 1871.[3] Between 1894 and 1905, the old Protestant church on the northern side of the park was replaced by a much larger building, the Berlin Cathedral (in German, "Berliner Dom"), designed by Julius Carl Raschdorff.[4]

During the years of the

Socialists and Communists held frequent rallies there. In August 1921, 500,000 people demonstrated against right-wing extremist violence.[5] After the murder of Foreign Minister Walther Rathenau, on 25 June 1922, 250,000 protested in the Lustgarten. On 7 February 1933, 200,000 people demonstrated against the new Nazi Party regime of Adolf Hitler
: shortly afterwards public opposition to the regime was banned. Under the Nazis, the Lustgarten was converted into a site for mass rallies. In 1934, it was paved over and the equestrian statue removed. Hitler addressed mass rallies of up to a million people there.

On 18 May 1942 a resistance group led by Herbert Baum consisting mainly of Jewish men and women, tried to destroy a propaganda exhibition The Soviet Paradise in the Lustgarten. This resulted in the discovery of the group, the death of Baum in Gestapo detention[6] and the execution of at least 27 members of the group. In a "retaliation action," the Reich Security Main Office arrested 500 Jewish men at the end of May, and immediately murdered half of them. A memorial stone made by Jürgen Raue installed in 1981 commemorates the resistance group.[7]

In 1944 the statue of Friedrich Wilhelm III by Albert Wolff was melted down to reuse the metal in war production.[8]

By the end of

City Palace was demolished[9] and later replaced by the modernist Palace of the Republic
on part of the site.

A movement to restore the Lustgarten to its earlier role as a park began once Germany was

Berlin Senate commissioned the landscape architect Hans Loidl
to redesign the area in the spirit of Lenné's design and construction work began in 1998. The Lustgarten now features fountains and is once again a park in the heart of a reunited Berlin.

  • Simplified map of the Lustgarten, showing the Altes Museum (Old Museum) and Berliner Dom
    Simplified map of the Lustgarten, showing the Altes Museum (Old Museum) and Berliner Dom
  • The Lustgarten, looking north-east towards the Berlin Cathedral
    The Lustgarten, looking north-east towards the Berlin Cathedral
  • The Lustgarten in 1900, looking north-west toward the Old Museum
    The Lustgarten in 1900, looking north-west toward the Old Museum

See also

  • Granite bowl in Lustgarten

References

  1. ^ "Historical images of the Lustgarten".
  2. ^ "Staatliche Museen zu Berlin – Museums". Smb.museum. 24 February 2011. Archived from the original on 7 March 2012. Retrieved 28 December 2011.
  3. ^ "The Entry of the Troops into Berlin". Burnley Advertiser. England. 24 June 1871. Retrieved 28 February 2017 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  4. ISBN 3-7674-0158-4
    .
  5. ^ "Great Peace Demonstrations in Berlin". Lancashire Evening Post. England. 1 August 1921. Retrieved 28 February 2017 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  6. ISBN 978-0-7425-5411-5
    .
  7. ^ "Widerstandsgruppe um Herbert Baum. "Dieser von Bildhauer Jürgen Raue gestaltete Gedenkstein wurde 1981 im Auftrag des Magistrats von Berlin (Ost) ohne nähere Informationen über die Widerstandsaktion im Lustgarten aufgestellt"".
  8. ^ Peter Bloch, Waldemar Grzimek: Die Berliner Bildhauerschule im neunzehnten Jahrhundert. Propyläen, Frankfurt am Main / Berlin / Wien 1978, S. 154, Abbildung des zerlegten Denkmals im Eosanderhof des Schlosses S. 249
  9. ^ "Jetzt aufgetauchtes Gutachten belegt | DDR hätte Stadtschloss für 32 Millionen Mark retten können". Retrieved 29 August 2016.

External links

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