Mödling
This article includes a improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (June 2023) ) |
Mödling | ||
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Postal code 2340, 2342 | ||
Area code | 02236 | |
Website | www.moedling.at |
Mödling (German pronunciation:
Mödling lies in Lower Austria's industrial zone (Industrieviertel). The Mödlingbach, a brook which rises in the Vienna Woods, flows through the town. Near Achau it joins with the Schwechat. Woodland occupies a large part of the municipality, part of the Föhrenberge ('Pine Mountains').
Located immediately south of Vienna, and within the boundaries of the district of Mödling, is one of the largest shopping centres in Europe: Shopping City Süd (SCS).
Geography
Grapes are grown on the slopes of the
History
The settlement dates back to the Neolithic era. Through the centuries, the name of the town evolved from Medilihha to Medelikch, Medling and, finally, Mödling. These names trace back to old Slavic meaning 'slowly running water'.
Today there is a quaint old town with a pedestrian area. The town was the residence of a branch of the Babenberg family, as a result of which it received the nickname Babenbergerstadt ('Town of the Babenbergs').
Traces of the first settlements of the Hallstatt culture from the Neolithic era were found on the Kalenderberg. Roman coins and a Roman burial site have been found near today's railway station.
After Charlemagne's victory in 803 AD against the Avars, the area around Mödling was settled by settlers from Bavaria. About 500 Avar graves were found in the area of the "Goldene Stiege" (very close to today's old city).
The first ancient document mentioning "MEDILIHHA ULTRA MONTEM COMMIGENIUM" is dated 8 September 903, when two bishops (of the then Roman Catholic church) exchanged lands. However, in 907 the settlement seems to have been destroyed again. After the Battle of Lechfeld settlement in the area of today's Mödling started again.
After this, for some time Mödling housed a relative of the then ruling House of Babenberg. In 1177,
Even in these times, Mödling grew grapes; after Langenlois, it was the largest grape-growing community in Lower Austria.
In 1343, Duke Albrecht II granted the rights of a market town to Mödling.
In 1529, the
In the early 19th century, Ludwig van Beethoven often visited his favorite pub, the Three Ravens, in Mödling.
On 18 November 1875, Mödling was designated a city.[citation needed]
From 1883 to 1932, Mödling was the starting point of the Mödling and Hinterbrühl Tram, Austria's first electric railway and world's first long-lasting tram with overhead lines.
In 1938, after the Anschluss with Nazi Germany, Mödling was incorporated into the newly formed 24th District of Vienna. In 1954, it became once again a part of Lower Austria.
On May 30, 2023, 3 people were killed by fire at the local hospital.[3]
Population
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|
Politics
Wahl | ÖVP
|
Grüne | SPÖ
|
NEOS/LIF
|
FPÖ
|
WIR | BMK | WfM | M 2000 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | 17 | 1 | 11 | 2 | 10 | ||||
1995 | 16 | 2 | 8 | 4 | 4 | 7 | |||
2000 | 15 | 5 | 10 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 1 | ||
2005 | 18 | 7 | 12 | 2 | 2 | ||||
2010 | 19 | 8 | 9 | 3 | 1 | 1 | |||
2015 | 18 | 10 | 8 | 4 | 1 | ||||
2020 | 16 | 11 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
Wahl | ÖVP
|
Grüne
|
SPÖ
|
NEOS /LIF
|
FPÖ
|
WIR | BMK | WfM | M 2000 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2015[4] | 6 | 3 | 2 | 1 | |||||
2020 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 1 |
- 1 2020 as NEOS, formerly LIF
- 2 Wir für Mödling – Eva Maier
- 3 Bürgerliste Michael Kanyka
- 4 Wir für Mödling, formerly Liste Pepi Wagner
- 5 Mödling 2000
- 6 The size of regional council is 41.
- 7 The size of city government could vary between 9 and 14.
Traffic
Mödling functions as a traffic hub for its direct vicinity. Bus lines connect the town and Südbahn with the surrounding areas. The Südbahn connects Mödling to Vienna, but also to other local centers like Wiener Neustadt by commuter trains.
Many bus lines end/start at Mödling's railway station: Most of them lead to Vienna (with different ways) (207, 259, 260, 265, 266, 269, 270...) but also other villages in the district are destinations: Gießhübel (262), Hinterbrühl, Gaaden... (364, 365), Guntramsdorf (363) and many more.
The closest airport is Vienna International Airport.
The town lies close to several major motorways (A2, A23, S1).
Until the 1960s, the town was connected to the tram system of Vienna though the line 360 was discontinued after the commuter train system was introduced on the Südbahn. Historically, Mödling was the site of Austria's first electrified tram line, which had mainly touristic use.
Economy
In the old days, because of the rail-connection to the north/Vienna and to the south, several large industries had their plants here. Today most of the firms are
Castles
The Mödling area in the Vienna Forest contains many old castles (
Culture and sights
The well-preserved and revitalized Old City is protected by the
Nearby is the Eichkogel Nature Reserve, with rare flora, like 'Knollen-Brandkraut' (
Buildings
- St. Othmar church and charnel
- Spitalkirche
- Ruins of the Mödling castle
- Husarentempel on the top of the 'Kleine Anninger'
- Schwarzer Turm
- Amphitheater
Museums
- Museum Mödling at Thonetschlössl
- Volkskundemuseum
- Stadtverkehrsmuseum
- Essinger-Haus (where a famous painter[who?] used to live)
- Beethoven-Gedenkstätte
- Schönberg-Haus
Theatres
- Stadttheater
- Bühne Mayer
- Mödlinger Puppenkiste (MÖP)
- Theater im Bunker (in a former air-raid shelter in Vorderbrühl)
- Komödienspiele (summer plays in the Stadttheater)
Schools
- Elementary and secondary schools
- Bundesgymnasium und Bundesrealgymnasium Franz-Keim-Gasse
- Bundesgymnasium und wirtschaftskundliches Bundesrealgymnasium Untere Bachgasse
- Höhere Technische Bundeslehr- und Versuchsanstalt
- Vienna Business School Mödling, Handelsakademie der Wiener Kaufmannschaft
- Höhere Lehranstalt für Mode & Bekleidungstechnik oder Produktmanagement & Präsentation
- Beethoven Musikschule
- Chorschule der Sängerknaben vom Wienerwald
- Volkshochschule
- Polytechnische Schule
Institutions
- Bezirkshauptmannschaft
- Finanzamt
- Bezirksgericht
- Veterinärmedizinisches Institut, which has importance beyond the area of Mödling
Notable citizens
- Ludwig van Beethoven, (1770-1827), composer, lived here in his later years
- Josef Schöffel, (DE Wiki) (1832-1910), mayor, campaigned for the Vienna Woods in the 1870's
- Maria Janitschek (1859-1927), writer, her works often have strong female characters
- Robert Lamezan de Salins (1869-1930), Polish military officer and diplomat
- Jan Romer, (1869-1934), Polish general, studied here
- Arnold Schönberg, (1874-1951), painter and composer, lived here
- Robert Müller, (DE Wiki) (1877-1942), film manager, distributor of films and producer
- Anton Wildgans (1881–1932), poet and playwright, nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature four times
- Anton Webern, (1883-1945), composer and conductor, had a studio in Mödling
- Martin Gusinde, (1886-1969), priest and ethnologist, worked in Tierra del Fuego
- Egon Neumann (1894–1948), composer and Kapellmeister
- Blessed Maria Restituta Kafka, (1894-1943), nun and nurse; worked locally after WW1
- Otto Brunner (1898-1982), historian, worked on later medieval and early modern European social history
- Albert Drach, (1902-1995), writer and lawyer, died locally
- Alfred Maleta, (DE Wiki) (1906-1990) politician (ÖVP), president of the Austrian Parliament
- Ruthilde Boesch (1918–2012), an Austrian soprano in opera, operetta, song and concert; grew up locally.
- Peter Weiser, (DE Wiki) (1926-2012), journalist and secretary general of the Konzerthaus, Vienna
- Franz Koglmann (born 1947), jazz musician on both the trumpet and flugelhorn
- Herbert Kaufmann, (DE Wiki) (born 1949), politician (SPÖ) and on the Management Board of Flughafen Wien AG
- Bruno Liberda (born 1953), composer of contemporary classical music.
- Dieter Chmelar, (DE Wiki) (born 1957), journalist, presenter and comedian
- Michael Spindelegger (born 1959), politician (ÖVP) and Govt. minister
- Manfred Hemm, (born 1961), bass-baritone opera singer
- Gery Keszler (born 1963), founder and organizer of the Life Ball
- Paul Harather, (born 1965), film director, producer and author
- Rupert Huber (born 1967), composer and pianist
- Karin Gayer (born 1969), writer of poetry and narrative fiction.
- Thomas Aigner, (DE Wiki) (born 1973), historian
- Christine Reiler, (DE Wiki) (born 1982), Miss Austria 2007
- Dorothy Khadem-Missagh (born 1992), an Austrian pianist.
Sport
- Manfred Zsak (born 1964), football player, played over 430 games and 49 for Austria
- Ernst Aigner (born 1966), football player, played 419 games and 11 for Austria
- Michael Buchleitner (born 1969), steeplechase and long distance runner
- Stephan Marasek (born 1970), football player, played 273 games and 11 for Austria
- Marion Maruska (born 1972), tennis player
- Andreas Schiener (born 1974), retired football midfielder, played over 320 games.
- Markus Scharrer (born 1974), football player, played 410 games
- Martin Bauer(born 1975), Austrian former motorcycle racer
- Petra Blazek (born 1987), handballer who has played 190 games for Austria women's national handball team
- Stephan Zwierschitz (born 1990), a footballer who has played over 390 games
- Lisa Makas (born 1992), football player, played 74 games for Austria women's national football team
International relations
Twin towns — Sister cities
Mödling is
- Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Velletri, Italy
- Zemun, Serbia
- Offenbach am Main, Germany
- Puteaux, France[6]
- Köszeg, Hungary
- Vsetín, Czech Republic
- Saint-Gilles, Belgium
- Zottegem, Belgium
- Dabas, Hungary
Planned partner city relations:
- Gyál, Hungary
References
- ^ "Dauersiedlungsraum der Gemeinden Politischen Bezirke und Bundesländer - Gebietsstand 1.1.2018". Statistics Austria. Retrieved 10 March 2019.
- ^ "Einwohnerzahl 1.1.2018 nach Gemeinden mit Status, Gebietsstand 1.1.2018". Statistics Austria. Retrieved 9 March 2019.
- ^ "Fire at Austrian hospital kills 3 patients, cigarette suspected as cause". AP News. 2023-05-30. Retrieved 2023-05-31.
- ^ "Neuer Gemeinderat konstituiert" (in German). Stadtgemeinde Mödling. 2015-03-03.
- ^ Große Linksammlung und Download hilfreicher Programme
- ^ "Puteaux - Qu'est-ce que le jumelage?". Mairie de Puteaux [Puteaux Official Website] (in French). Archived from the original on 2013-11-26. Retrieved 2013-12-28.
External links
- (in German) Official site of Mödling
- (in German) Online map of Mödling
- (in German) Online Scouts of Mödling
- (in German) Mödling attractions
- (in German) History
- (in German) Statistics
- (in German) Museum Mödling
- (in German) Mödling and surrounding in old picture postcards
- (in German) detto
- Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911. .