M-5 (Michigan highway)
Route information | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Maintained by MDOT | ||||
Length | 27.890 mi[1] (44.885 km) | |||
Existed | 1977[2][3]–present | |||
Major junctions | ||||
North end | Pontiac Trail in Commerce Township | |||
East end | Cass Avenue and Middle Street in Detroit | |||
Location | ||||
Country | United States | |||
State | Michigan | |||
Counties | Oakland, Wayne | |||
Highway system | ||||
|
M-5, commonly referred to as Grand River Avenue and the northern section as the Haggerty Connector, is a 27.9-mile-long (44.9 km)
Grand River Avenue started as the path of an early wagon trail in the
Route description
M-5 starts at a roundabout intersection with Pontiac Trail in Commerce Township. It runs south-southwesterly from here in Oakland County as a divided highway between suburban residential subdivisions in the township. South of Maple Road, the highway is bordered by commercial developments to the east and Long Park to the west as it angles southeasterly. Between
The next interchange for the M-5 freeway connects to Grand River Avenue and 10 Mile Road. This section of the freeway bypasses residential areas of Farmington Hills. Further east, M-5 crosses into
The northwest corner of Detroit is mostly residential as M-5 intersects
M-5 is maintained by the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) like other state highways in Michigan. As a part of these maintenance responsibilities, the department tracks the volume of traffic that uses the roadways under its jurisdiction. These volumes are expressed using a metric called annual average daily traffic, which is a statistical calculation of the average daily number of vehicles on a segment of roadway. MDOT's surveys in 2010 showed that the highest traffic levels along M-5 were the 68,793 vehicles daily between 12 and 13 Mile roads; the lowest counts were the 17,176 vehicles per day southeast of Schoolcraft Road to I-96.[8] All of M-5 has been listed on the National Highway System,[9] a network of roads important to the country's economy, defense, and mobility.[10] The trunkline is six- or eight-lanes wide along the freeway section to the north and west of the Grand River Avenue interchange; south and east of there it is a four-lane freeway or five- or six-lane wide highway all the way to Cass Avenue.[5]
History
Previous designation
Starting in 1933, M-5 was used as the designation along a section of highway that was previously part of US 2 in Mackinac and Chippewa counties in the Upper Peninsula.[11][12] This designation was in use until 1939 when it was replaced by M-129.[13][14]
Current designation
Grand River Avenue
The chief transportation routes in 1701 were the Indian trails that crossed the future state of Michigan; the Grand River Trail was one of these thirteen trails at the time. Detroit created 120-foot (37 m) rights-of-way for the principal streets of the city, Grand River Avenue included, in 1805.[15] This street plan was devised by Augustus Woodward and others following a devastating fire in Detroit.[16] A ten-year project to construct a plank road between Detroit and Howell was authorized in 1820 along the Grand River Trail.[15] Grand River Avenue was included as one of Five Great Military Roads in 1825, along with the River Road, Michigan Avenue, Woodward Avenue and Gratiot Avenue.[17] The Grand River Road, precursor to the modern Grand River Avenue was named by Benjamin Williams, cofounder of Owosso; it was named for La Grande Riviere, the French name for the river.[18]
The opening of the Erie Canal in New York in 1826 brought new settlers to the Great Lakes region, and to the future state of Michigan. Many of these settlers began their inland journeys in Detroit. At first the Grand River Road was a "deep rutted, ditch bordered road".[19] The Grand River Road was a major route for settlers headed inland to Grand Rapids in 1836, as the shortest route for travelers coming from Detroit.[20]
In 1850, the
By 1900, only a short stretch of the Detroit–Howell Plank Road was still make of planks; most of the other plank roads had been converted to gravel by this time.
The M-16 designation lasted for seven years. As the states were meeting with the
Metro Detroit freeways
MSHD had plans to upgrade the US 16 corridor to freeway standards in the middle of the 20th century. The first planning map in 1947 for what later became the Interstate Highway System showed a highway in the corridor.[29] The General Location of National System of Interstate Highways Including All Additional Routes at Urban Areas Designated in September 1955, or Yellow Book after the cover color, showed generalized plans for the locations of Interstate Highways as designated in 1955. This also included a highway in the US 16 corridor.[30] The 1957 approval for the Interstate Highway System replaced much of US 16 with a portion of Interstate 94 (I-94).[31] MSHD submitted a recommended numbering plan for the Interstates in 1958 that showed I-96 following the US 16 corridor.[32]
The segments of the road between Brighton and Farmington were upgraded in 1956.[33][34] The MSHD initially signed the various freeways as Interstates in 1959,[35] and US 16 through the Farmington area gained the additional I-96 numbering.[36] Two years later, the business route through Farmington was redesignated as a business loop of I-96 instead of US 16.[37][38] The final connection for I-96 between Lansing and Brighton was completed in late 1962, and the US 16 designation was decommissioned in the state. The sections of highway through the Detroit metro area were given Business Loop (BL) or Business Spur (BS) I-96 designations.[38][39]
When I-96 was completed in 1977, several highway designations were shifted in the Metro Detroit area. The BS I-96 designation was removed from Grand River Avenue. Rather than revert to its original number, M-16, MDOT selected M-5 as the new highway designation. Grand River was signed as M-5 between 8 Mile Road and I-96 exit 185 while leaving Grand River Avenue southeast of I-96 an unsigned state trunkline, OLD BS I-96. Both the portion of BS I-96 north of 8 Mile Road and the stub of I-96 that continued out to I-275 became part of M-102.[2][3] In 2016, as part of a street light replacement project along Grand River Avenue, M-5 trailblazers were installed along Grand River between its previous eastern terminus at I-96 exit 185 and Old BS I-96's former eastern terminus in Downtown Detroit. New signage for M-10 exit 2C (serving Grand River Avenue) installed in 2018 included M-5 trailblazers, further cementing this extension.
Haggerty Connector
A freeway running north of Novi to the
After many years of inactivity, further work began along this same route, but the resulting highway was designated as a northern extension to M-5 rather than I-275 or M-275. The first section of this freeway extension was opened in October 1994. This extended the route from M-5's previous terminus at M-102 (8 Mile Road) over the latter highway's alignment west and north to 12 Mile Road.[42] A plan enacted by then Governor John Engler in 1995 angered road officials when funding was diverted from county road commissions to help complete state highway projects like the M-5 Haggerty Connector project.[43] In 1999, a second extension of M-5 was completed to 14 Mile Road, but only as an expressway.[44] The final two miles (3.2 km) between 14 Mile Road and Pontiac Trail opened to traffic on November 1, 2002.[45] In 2011, a roundabout was placed at the northern terminus of M-5. This last project also included a northern extension of roadway into the Eldorado Golf Course in Commerce Township to better serve the community. This extension does not carry the M-5 designation.[46]
Exit list
County | Location | mi[1] | km | Exit | Destinations | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Oakland | Commerce Township | 0.000 | 0.000 | Pontiac Trail Martin Parkway | Roundabout; roadway continues from the north as Martin Parkway | |
Novi | 3.464 | 5.575 | North end of freeway | |||
4.094 | 6.589 | 12 Mile Road | Collector-distributor lanes for 12 Mile also connect to the ramps for I-96 westbound | |||
4.935 | 7.942 | I-96 west – Lansing | Exits 163 (from westbound M-5) or 164 (from eastbound M-5) on I-96 | |||
5.116 | 8.233 | Detroit, Toledo | Exit 165 on I-96/I-275 | |||
Farmington Hills | 6.122 | 9.852 | I-696 east (Reuther Freeway) – Port Huron | Exit 1 on I-696 | ||
6.966 | 11.211 | 13 | Grand River Avenue , 10 Mile Road | |||
Farmington | 9.198– 9.657 | 14.803– 15.541 | 16 | 9 Mile Road, Farmington Road | Eastbound exit and entrance | |
Grand River Avenue – Farmington | Westbound exit and eastbound entrance at east end of freeway; M-5 joins Grand River Avenue eastbound and departs westbound | |||||
Oakland–Wayne county line | Farmington Hills–Livonia city line | 12.346– 12.368 | 19.869– 19.904 | M-102 east (8 Mile Road) | 8 Mile Road is the county line; western terminus of M-102 | |
Detroit | 14.891– 14.916 | 23.965– 24.005 | US 24 (Telegraph Road) | |||
18.340– 18.351 | 29.515– 29.533 | M-39 (Southfield Freeway) | Exit 12 on M-39 | |||
20.791– 20.807 | 33.460– 33.486 | I-96 (Jeffries Freeway) | Exit 185 on I-96 | |||
22.591– 22.615 | 36.357– 36.395 | I-96 (Jeffries Freeway) | Westbound entrance and eastbound exit from I-96; exit 187 on I-96 | |||
25.483– 25.493 | 41.011– 41.027 | I-94 (Edsel Ford Freeway) | Exit 214 on I-94 | |||
27.187– 27.204 | 43.753– 43.781 | M-10 (Lodge Freeway) | Southbound exit from and northbound entrance to M-10; exit 2C on M-10 | |||
27.600– 27.617 | 44.418– 44.445 | I-75 (Fisher Freeway) | Exit 50 on I-75 | |||
27.890 | 44.885 | Grand River Avenue Cass Avenue Middle Street | Roadway continues as Grand River Avenue[7] | |||
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |
See also
- Michigan Highways portal
References
- ^ a b Michigan Department of Transportation (2021). Next Generation PR Finder (Map). Michigan Department of Transportation. Retrieved October 11, 2021.
- ^ OCLC 12701177.
- ^ OCLC 12701177.
- ^ .
- ^ a b c d e Google (April 24, 2012). "Overview Map of M-5" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved April 24, 2012.
- ISBN 9780937247341.
- ^ a b Michigan Department of Transportation (2019). Truck Operator's Map (PDF) (Map). c. 1:221,760. Lansing: Michigan Department of Transportation. Detroit and Vicinity inset. Retrieved September 17, 2019.
- ^ Bureau of Transportation Planning (2008). "Traffic Monitoring Information System". Michigan Department of Transportation. Retrieved April 24, 2011.
- ^ Michigan Department of Transportation (2005). National Highway System: Detroit Urbanized Area (PDF) (Map). Lansing: Michigan Department of Transportation. Retrieved January 1, 2011.
- ^ Natzke, Stefan; Neathery, Mike & Adderly, Kevin (June 20, 2012). "What is the National Highway System?". National Highway System. Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved July 1, 2012.
- OCLC 12701053. Archived from the originalon May 10, 2017. Retrieved December 18, 2016 – via Archives of Michigan.
- ^ OCLC 12701053.
- OCLC 12701143.
- OCLC 12701143. Retrieved October 17, 2019 – via Michigan History Center.
- ^ OCLC 435640179.
- ^ Baulch, Vivian M. (June 13, 1999). "Woodward Avenue, Detroit's Grand Old 'Main Street'". The Detroit News. Archived from the original on August 21, 2012. Retrieved September 5, 2010.
- ^ Staff. "History: The River Road". Wayne County Department of Public Services. Archived from the original on December 19, 2007. Retrieved September 6, 2010.
- OCLC 433271.
- ^ Woodard (1966), p. 6.
- OCLC 13781280.
- ^ Michigan Legislature (March 20, 1850). "An Act to Incorporate the Lansing and Howell Plank Road Company". Michigan Department of Natural Resources. Archived from the original on October 10, 2010. Retrieved September 6, 2010.
- ^ Forsyth, Kevin S. (2003). "East Lansing: Origins". A Brief History of East Lansing, Michigan. Retrieved September 14, 2007.
- OCLC 23314983.
- ^ "Michigan May Do Well Following Wisconsin's Road Marking System". The Grand Rapids Press. September 20, 1919. p. 10.
- OCLC 15607244. Retrieved October 17, 2019 – via Michigan History Center.
- .
- ^ Weingroff, Richard F. (January 9, 2009). "From Names to Numbers: The Origins of the U.S. Numbered Highway System". Highway History. Federal Highway Administration. Archived from the original on May 21, 2011. Retrieved April 21, 2009.
- .
- ^ Public Roads Administration (August 2, 1947). National System of Interstate Highways (Map). Washington, DC: Public Roads Administration. Retrieved September 4, 2010.
- .
- ^ Public Roads Administration (August 14, 1957). Official Route Numbering for the National System of Interstate and Defense Highways (Map). Washington, DC: Public Roads Administration. Retrieved September 4, 2010.
- ^ Staff (April 25, 1958). "Recommended Interstate Route Numbering for Michigan". Michigan State Highway Department. Archived from the original on August 5, 2004. Retrieved September 4, 2010.
- OCLC 12701120.
- OCLC 12701120. Retrieved October 17, 2019 – via Michigan History Center.
- Toledo Blade. June 4, 1959. p. 11. Retrieved November 21, 2010.
- . Retrieved October 17, 2019 – via Michigan History Center. (Includes all changes through July 1, 1960)
- . Retrieved October 17, 2019 – via Michigan History Center. (Includes all changes through July 1, 1961)
- ^ . Retrieved October 17, 2019 – via Michigan History Center.
- OCLC 12701120. Retrieved October 17, 2019 – via Michigan History Center.
- ^ a b c d Stuart, Reginald A. (January 27, 1977). "Michigan Drops $69-Million Road". The New York Times.
- ^ a b 1634–1699: McCusker, J. J. (1997). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1700–1799: McCusker, J. J. (1992). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1800–present: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–". Retrieved February 29, 2024.
- ^ Greenwood, Tom (January 28, 1999). "M-5 'Haggerty Connector' Work To Be Done by 2001". The Detroit News.
- ^ "Road Officials Complain About Engler Money Grab". Ludington Daily News. October 24, 1995. p. 1.
- ^ Hunter, George (July 30, 1999). "Work Is Nearly Done on Haggerty Connector Project: Officials Delay Its Full Opening to Ease I-275 Jams". The Detroit News.
- ^ Greenwood, Tom (November 1, 2002). "Ribbon Cutting Opens New Road". The Detroit News.
- Newspapers.com.
External links
- M-5 at Michigan Highways