MYD88

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
MYD88
Gene ontology
Molecular function
Cellular component
Biological process
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_010851

RefSeq (protein)

NP_034981

Location (UCSC)Chr 3: 38.14 – 38.14 MbChr 9: 119.17 – 119.17 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MYD88) is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the MYD88 gene.[5][6]

originally discovered in the laboratory of Dan A. Liebermann (Lord et al. Oncogene 1990) as a Myeloid differentiation primary response gene.

Function

The MYD88 gene provides instructions for making a protein involved in signaling within immune cells. The MyD88 protein acts as an adapter, connecting proteins that receive signals from outside the cell to the proteins that relay signals inside the cell.

In

innate immunity, the MyD88 plays a pivotal role in immune cell activation through Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which belong to large group of pattern recognition receptors (PRR). In general, these receptors sense common patterns which are shared by various pathogens – Pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMPs), or which are produced/released during cellular damage – damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs).[7]

After ligand binding, all TLRs apart from

TIR domain-containing adapter-inducing IFN-β
(TRIF). Subsequently, these proteins activate two important transcription factors:

  • NF-κB is a dimeric protein responsible for expression of various inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and adhesion and costimulatory molecules, which in turn triggers acute inflammation and stimulation of adaptive immunity
  • IRFs is a group of proteins responsible for expression of type I interferons setting the so-called antiviral state of a cell.

TLR9 activate both NF-κB and IRF3 through MyD88-dependent and TRIF-independent pathway, respectively.[8]

The human

Interactions

Myd88 has been shown to

interact
with:

Gene polymorphisms

Various single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the MyD88 have been identified. and for some of them an association with susceptibility to various infectious diseases[22] and to some autoimmune diseases like ulcerative colitis was found.[23]

References

  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000172936 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000032508 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ "Entrez Gene: MYD88 Myeloid differentiation primary response gene (88)".
  6. S2CID 44843127
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    OCLC 973917896.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link
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Further reading

External links

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