Machi-bugyō
Machi-bugyō (町奉行) were
This
The machi-bugyō were the central public authority in the Japanese urban centers of this period. These bakufu-appointed officers served in a unique role, which was an amalgam of chief of police, judge, and mayor. The machi-bugyō were expected to manage a full range of administrative and judicial responsibilities.[3]
The machi-bugyō was expected to be involved in tax collection, policing, and firefighting; and at the same time, the machi-bugyō needed to play a number of judicial roles – hearing and deciding both ordinary civil cases and criminal cases.[3]
Only high-ranking hatamoto were appointed to the position of machi-bugyō because of the critical importance of what they were expected to do. The machi-bugyō were considered equal in rank to the minor daimyō. There were as many as 16 machi-bugyō located throughout Japan.[3]
Shogunal city
During this period, a number of urban cities—including
List of machi-bugyō
- Ōoka Tadasuke, 1717–1736 (Yedo-bugyō), 1736-1748 (Temple-bugyō).[5]
- Yozou Torii, 1841-1844 (Minamimachi-bugyō).
- Tōyama Kagemoto, 1840–1843 (Kitamachi-bugyō), 1845–1852 (Minammachi-bugyō).
- Ido Satohiro, 1849–1856.[6]
- Izawa Masayoshi, 1858.[7]
- Oguri Tadamasa, 1862–1863.[8]
- Abe Masatō, 1863–1864.[9]
- Inoue Kiyonao, 1863, 1866–1868.[10]
Notes
- ^ Beasley, William G. (1955). Select Documents on Japanese Foreign Policy, 1853–1868, p. 325.
- ^ Hall, John Wesley. (1955) Tanuma Okitsugu: Forerunner of Modern Japan, p. 201
- ^ a b c Cunningham, Don. (2004). Taiho-Jutsu: Law and Order in the Age of the Samurai, p. 42.
- ^ Cullen, William. (2003). A History of Japan, 1582–1941: Internal and External Worlds, p. 159.
- ^ Murdoch, p. 334.
- ^ Beasley, p. 332.
- ^ Beasley, p. 334.
- ^ Beasley, p. 338.
- ^ Beasley, p. 331.
- ^ Beasley, p. 333.
References
- Beasley, William G. (1955). Select Documents on Japanese Foreign Policy, 1853–1868. London: ISBN 978-0-19-713508-2(cloth)]
- Murdoch, James. (1996). A History of Japan., p. 334.
- Cullen, Louis M. (2003). A History of Japan, 1582–1941: Internal and External Worlds. Cambridge: ISBN 0-521-52918-2(paper)
- Cunningham, Don. (2004). Taiho-Jutsu: Law and Order in the Age of the Samurai. Tokyo: ISBN 978-0-8048-3536-7(cloth)
- Hall, John Wesley. (1955). Tanuma Okitsugu: Forerunner of Modern Japan. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
- Jansen, Marius B. (1995). Warrior Rule in Japan. Cambridge: ISBN 0-521-48404-9
See also
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Tokugawa bureaucracy organization chart | |||
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This bureaucracy evolved in an ad hoc manner, responding to perceived needs. | |||
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