Büyük Menderes River
Büyük Menderes River Maeander, Meander, Μαίανδρος | |
---|---|
Dinar, Afyonkarahisar Province | |
• coordinates | 38°04′15″N 30°10′37″E / 38.07083°N 30.17694°E |
• elevation | 880 m (2,890 ft) |
Aydin Province | |
• coordinates | 37°32′24″N 27°10′08″E / 37.54000°N 27.16889°E |
• elevation | 0 m (0 ft) |
Length | 548 km (341 mi) |
Basin size | 25,000 km2 (9,700 sq mi) |
Basin features | |
Tributaries | |
• left | Çürüksu River, Akçay River, Çine River |
The Büyük Menderes River ("Great Meander", historically the Maeander or Meander, from
Modern geography
The river rises in a
Ancient geography
The Maeander was a celebrated river of
Sources
The river has its sources not far from Celaenae in Phrygia (now Dinar),[1] where it gushed forth in a park of Cyrus.[2] According to some[3] its sources were the same as those of the river Marsyas; but this is irreconcilable with Xenophon, according to whom the sources of the two rivers were only near each other, the Marsyas rising in a royal palace.[4] Others[5] state that the Maeander flowed out of a lake on Mount Aulocrene. William Martin Leake[6] reconciles all these apparently different statements by the remark that both the Maeander and the Marsyas have their origin in the lake on Mount Aulocrene, above Celaenae, but that the issue at different parts of the mountain below the lake.
Course
The Maeander was so celebrated in antiquity for its numerous windings, that its classical name "Maeander" became, and still is, proverbial.
Tributaries
The tributaries of the Maeander include the Orgyas, Marsyas, Cludrus, Lethaeus, and Gaeson, in the north; and the Obrimas, Lycus, Harpasus, and a second Marsyas in the south.
Physical description
The Maeander is a deep river,
Mythology
The associated river god was also called Meander, one of the sons of Oceanus and Tethys.[13]
There was a legend about a subterranean connection between the Maeander and the
See also
- Küçük Menderes
- Battle of the Meander
Notes
- ^ Herodotus, Histories, Book 7 section 26.
- ^ Xenophon, Anabasis, Book 1 Chapter 2.
- ^ Strabo xii. p. 578; Maximus of Tyre viii. 38.
- ^ Xenophon, Anabasis 1.2.8.
- ^ Pliny (v. 31), Solinus (40. § 7), and Martianus Capella (6. p. 221).
- ^ Asia Minor, p. 158, &c.
- ^ Hesiod, Theogony, line 339; Strabo, Geography, Book 12, Chapter 8, Section 15; Pausanias viii. 41. § 3; Ovid Met. viii. 162, &c.; Livy xxxviii. 13; Seneca Herc. Fur. 683, &c., Phoen. 605.
- ^ comp. Strabo xiv. p. 648, xv. p. 691
- ^ Pliny l. c.; Pausanias ii. 5. § 2.
- ^ Niketas Choniates, p. 125; Livy l. c.
- ^ Strabo xii. p. 579, xiv. p. 636.
- ^ Pausanias viii. 24. § 5; Thucydides viii. 17.)
- ^ Hesiod, Theogony, 334 [1]
- ^ Pausanias il. 5. § 2.
References
- Herodotus (1910). . Translated by George Rawlinson – via Wikisource.
- Hesiod (1914). . Translated by Hugh Gerard Evelyn-White – via Wikisource..
- Strabo. H.C. Hamilton; W. Falconer (eds.). "Geography". Tufts University: The Perseus Digital Library.
- Xenophon. . Translated by Henry Graham Dakyns – via Wikisource..
- ISBN 0-674-99100-1.
- Thonemann, P., The Maeander Valley: A historical geography from Antiquity to Byzantium (Cambridge, 2011) (Greek Culture in the Roman World Series)
Attribution
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "MAEANDER". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.
External links
Media related to Büyük Menderes River at Wikimedia Commons