Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi
Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi | |
---|---|
Urdu Poet | |
Known for | Founder of All-India Jamhur Muslim League & Flag bearer for the cause of Urdu Language |
Movement | Indian independence movement |
Signature | |
Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi (3 March 1900 – 26 September 1966) was a political activist from Bihar, prominent in the Indian independence movement.
Early life
Ajazi was born on 3 March 1900 in village Dihuli, Block Sakra of District Muzaffarpur, in British India.[1] His father Hafizuddin Husain and grand father Imam Bakhsh were zamindars and his mother's name was Mahfoozunnisa. His maternal grandfather Reysat Husain was an advocate in Sitamarhi.[2]
He became a disciple of Ajaz Husain Budayuni, the Khalif of Fazle Rahman Ganj Muradabadi, and assumed title of 'Ajazi'.[1] He gained his patriotism from his father Hafizuddin who had organized the peasantry against the European indigo planters.[1]
Ajazi's mother died in his childhood, while his father died in Lucknow during treatment and was buried in Chaar Bagh Qabristan when Ajazi was in school.[3] His elder brother Manzoor Ahsan Ajazi was also a freedom fighter.[4] He had only one sister, Noorun Nisa.[5]
Ajazi received his elementary and religious education from
Pre-Independence activism
Ajazi left his studies at
He collected funds for freedom struggle through ‘Muthia’ drive. ‘Muthia’ meant to take out a muththi or fist of grain before preparing every meal to fund freedom struggle. Once he unknowingly reached the house of his cousin in a remote village. He inquired about 'Muthia'. He received a negative answer. His cousin recognised him and requested him to take meal, but he refused even a glass of water.[8] When his sister promised to take out muthia and donated the dues, he agreed to take meal.[9]
He attended the AICC session held at Ahmedabad in 1921 and supported Hasrat Mohani's motion on 'Complete Independence', which was opposed by Mahatma Gandhi and failed."The Hindu", English Daily in its article published on 2 March 2022 entitled "Colonial's Rule's Impact :Wipe Out British Raj's Ethos"says "Sri Aurbindo advocating for Poorna Swaraj in 1907, going against the proposal of colonial Self-Government given by Dadabhai Naoroji. Hasrat Mohani, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi, and Bipin Chandra Pal reinforced this call for Complete Independence"[1] He met Gandhiji at Sabarmati Ashram.[10] Ajazi was not in support of the dominion status for India as many people in the Congress wanted at that time. He was always of the opinion that India should not remain under British imperialism for any significant amount of time and that the Raj had no moral right to subjugate Indians. This was the reason that he went against many Congress leaders of his time who were contented with dominion status and he instead wholeheartedly supported the motion of Complete Independence for India.[7]
Ajazi launched a Seven Point Programme to raise funds for the Congress and Khilafat Committees of
He represented the Central Khilafat Committee at the
Ajazi opposed
Ajazi was also a
Post-independence activism
He was the chairman of the Urdu Conference of Muzaffarpur held in 1960, in which for the first time a resolution was passed demanding that Urdu be accepted as an official language in Bihar.[52][53][54]
Ajazi established Anjuman Khuddam-e-Millat, based on the pattern of Sir Syed's Educational society.[53] This society established a school, renovated the Company Bagh Mosque of Muzaffarpur, now the biggest Mosque of this city, built a rest house, and undertook the last rites of unclaimed dead bodies.[55][56][57][58]
Death
Ajazi died on 26 September 1966 in Muzaffarpur at his own residence Ajazi House. Thousands of people attended his Namaz-e-Janaza which was performed at historic Tilak Maidan, the land bought by the funds collected and donations made by Ajazi himself. It was the largest gathering ever for a funeral procession in the city's history. He was buried in Qazi Mohammadpur Qabristan.[12]
President
Tributes by Govt. of India
- Govt. of India has recognised him as one of the Unsung Heroes of Indian Freedom Struggle on the eve of Amrit Mahotsav of Independence.[10]Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav is an initiative of the Government of India to celebrate and commemorate 75 years of India's independence and the glorious history of its people, culture and achievements.
- Embassy of India in Greece pays tribute to him as India celebrates 75 years of its Independence.[64]
- Govt. of India has decorated his photograph in Azadi Ke Diwane Museum of Lal Qila, Delhi with caption "Opposed Jinnah's Two Nation Theory and founded All India Jamhur Muslim League to counter it".[49][7][51] The Azadi Ke Diwane museum in the Red Fort complex is dedicated to the unsung heroes who sacrificed their lives and fought for India's freedom. It is a one-of-a-kind museum which aims to inspire younger generations, inform them about the cost of freedom and make them aware that they should not take independence for granted as great freedom fighters achieved it by sacrificing their lives. The museum was built by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), with the multi-sensory experiences (to engage visitors) co-created by Tagbin. It is housed in a double-storey building and is divided into 22 zones, arranged in chronological order from 1857 to 1947 paying homage to those who gifted Indians with an independent nation.[65][66]
References
- ^ a b c d e f Sajjad, Mohammad (6 January 2013). "Maghfur Aijazi: A freedom-fighter and a builder of Indian democracy". TwoCircles.net. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
- ^ Bihari Lal Fitrat (1883) AAin-e-Tirhut published from Bahar-e-Kashmir Press, Lucknow, republished with translation by Mahrajdhiraj Kameshwar Singh Kalyani Foundation, Darbhanga-2001 P291
- ^ a b c Singh, Major Kulbir (1 July 2017). "Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi: Political activist from Bihar". youngbites.com.
- ^ "Manzoor Ahsan Ajazi :- Great Freedom Fighter of India who spent 13 years in British Jails". Heritage Times. 30 November 2017.
- ^ AMU, Aligarh's Organ "Tahzib-ul-Akhlaque" started by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, Feb. 2004, p. 49
- ^ a b Ahmed, Syed Naseer (2014). The Immortals. Azad House of Publications, Guntur (AP). pp. 203–4.
- ^ ISBN 978-8188869510.
- ^ "Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi". mpositive.in.
- ^ Bihar Vibhuti-Vol. iii-Bihar Abhlekhagar, Govt. of Bihar--2014 p233-35
- ^ a b c d e Ministry of Culture, Government of India. "Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi". amritmahotsav.nic.in.
- ^ "Shafi Daudi: The builder of the Congress in Muzaffarpur". Heritage Times. 28 October 2018.
- ^ a b c d e "Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi: Unsung hero of war of Independence". Teesri Jung (in Hindi). 4 March 2021.
- ^ Reneissance Law College Indore B.A, LLB (Hons) 2nd. Sem. History Unit-1
- ^ Geeks for Geeks 27 June 2022 Entitled Why Was the Simon Commission rejected by Indians?
- ^ ISBN 9788187614050.
- ^ "Freedom Fighter Dr Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi remembered on Republic Day". Prabhat Khabar (in Hindi). 24 January 2022.
- ^ IAS 100 by Chronicle
- ^ The Expression International e-journal, vol. 2, issue-1
- ^ Article by Veena Nair published in siasat.com on 15/8/2022 entitled Indian Muslims Who fought against Jinnah's two nation theory
- ISBN 9788173917417.
- ^ Sir Syed Ahmad Kahn:Vision and Mission Delhi: Manohar, 2008, pp. 181–197
- ^ Terrorism is Comes from US, Barath Kumar PKT, published by A. Palanivelu
- ^ Muslim Freedom Fighters Of India By Mohd. Talat Aziz
- ^ South Asian History And Culture Routledge, London, Vol. 2, pp. 16–36. ISSN 1947-2498, Taylor and Francis Group
- ^ Builders Of Bihar By Dr. Syed Ahmad Quadri-2008-pp 61–63
- ^ World HeritageEncyclopedia, ID:WHEBN0038065375
- ^ The Muslim Heroes Of Bihar By Fakhruddin Ahmad Nishter-2013-pp 34–36
- ^ Monograph on Dr. Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi by Dr. Farooque Ahmad Siddiqui Published by Bihar Urdu Academy, Govt. of Bihar, Patna, 2010
- ISBN 9789386683793.
- ^ Preparatory Course in Social Science published by Jharkhand Rai University p170
- ^ University of Jammu, Reference Study Material for M.A Sociology, Semester ivth
- ^ Preparatory Course in Social Sciences, NIILM University Haryana
- ^ Nehru Memorial Museum and Library, New Delhi, 16th Annual Report, 1981–82, p. 9
- ^ Nehru Memorial Museum and Library New Delhi, 27th Annual Report 1992-93, p. 13
- ^ National Archives, New Delhi F NO. 4(3) 1/92 PA
- ^ Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Public Library Patna Acc. No. 2209
- ^ About Islamic World in Medicine, Quran, Translation
- ^ Bihar Govt. Magazine "Bihar"Republic Day Spl. 2002, p67
- ^ Contesting Colonialism and Separatism: Muslims of Muzaffarpur Since 1857
- ^ Lahu Bolta Bhi Hai by Shahnawaz Ahmad Qadri & Krishna Kalki, pp. 197 - 98
- ^ Josh General Knowledge
- ^ Dr.G.M.Patel (25 February 2021). "مسلم مجاہد آزادی ڈاکٹر مغفور احمد اعجازی". Avadhnama (in Urdu).
- ^ My Govt.in
- ^ Muslim Vikas Parishad By Abdussamad Sheikh, Marathi
- ^ Mitr shri Telegu October 2020
- ^ Muslim Leaders Of Bihar & Gandhi Ji By Prof. Md. Y.H.Hakeem 15/08/2020 Article
- ^ Article Gaurav Gatha-Dr. Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi By Anand Vardhan Singh Lucknow
- ^ Sada-e-Jaras By Ashraf Asthanvi, ISBN 978-81-925836-7-9
- ^ a b Azadi Ke Deewane Museum, Red Fort, New Delhi
- ^ Remembering the Role of Muslims in Indian Freedom Movement, The English Daily Kashmir Images, Srinagar,15/08/2021
- ^ a b Dr. Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi Ki Aham Shakhsiat Se Mulaquat By Prof. M.R.Kazmi HOD Political Science, Bihar University
- ^ Huma Urdu Digest Delhi, Urdu Number
- ^ ISBN 9780367176747.
- Bihar Times. 10 July 2011. Retrieved 28 January 2022.
- ^ Afkar-e-Milli, New Delhi, Spl. Bihar Issue, July, 2000, p254
- ^ Bihar Anjuman
- ^ English Daily The Times Of India. Independence Day Issue
- ^ Nuqoosh-e-Qalam p120, Nairang-e-Qalam, p. 26, Aati Hai Unki Yaad p. 19 All By Anwarul Hasan Wastawi
- ^ "बिहार के नायक Dr.मग़फ़ूर अहमद अजाज़ी के जीवन के रोचक तथ्ये". The Gyan Ganga (in Hindi). 15 May 2019.
- ^ Bihar Govt. Magazine "Bihar", March, 2005, p38
- ^ Remembering Muslim Makers Of Modern Bihar By Mohammad Sajjad For Bihar Collective, Brown Books, Aligarh, pp150-158, Hindustani Musalman-masaei-o-Imkanat By Prof.Md. Sajjad, Brown Books, Aligarh, ISBN 978-93-67497-69-6
- ^ Biswin Sadi Men Bihar Ke Bahuayami Vyktitv & Khiraj-e-Aqeedat By Dr. M.R.Kazmi, Dr. Akhileshwar Sharma & Moin Shahid
- ^ Nigarishat-e-Dr. Ajazi, Khitabat-e-Dr. Ajazi & Dr. Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi Aur Unki Samaji, Lesani Wa Saqafti Khidmat, All By Dr. Rizwan Ahmad Ajazi
- ^ Embassy of India, Athens, Greece. "Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi: Unsung Hero of India's Freedom Struggle".
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Museums of India, under the aegis of Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). "Azadi ke Diwane Museum". Archived from the original on 1 March 2022. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
- ^ "Azadi Ke Diwane museum opens at Red Fort to pay homage to unsung fallen heroes". Times of India. 8 March 2019.