Malaysian Federal Roads System

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Malaysian Federal Roads System
Sistem Jalan Persekutuan Malaysia (
Malaysian Ministry of Works.[1]
Formed1957 (Peninsular Malaysia)
1986 (Sabah and Sarawak)[2]
Highway names
Federal RoadsFederal Route nn (FT nn)
System links
FT 12
) runs from Segamat, Johor to Gambang, Pahang.
A direction signboard on Federal Route 3 in Terengganu.
A Federal Route code sign

Malaysian Federal Roads System (Malay: Sistem Jalan Persekutuan Malaysia), is the main national road network in Malaysia. All Federal Roads in Malaysia are under the purview of the Ministry of Works (MOW). According to the Ministerial Functions Act 1969, the MOW is responsible to plan, build and maintain all Federal Roads gazetted under the Federal Roads Act 1959.[3] However, most of the Federal roads' projects were built and maintained by the Malaysian Public Works Department (JKR), which is also one of the implementing agencies under the MOW (with the exception of Sabah and Sarawak, whereby JKR in these two states is under respective state government).

History

Most of the federal roads in Peninsular Malaysia were built during the British colonial era before 1957. At that time, the British government built the roads in order to enable them to transport goods and commodities easier.

In

North Borneo Chartered Company
administration, and unlike most federal roads in Peninsular Malaysia which uses only numbers to label federal roads, Sabah federal road codes begin with the letter A followed by route number.

However, in

Pan Borneo Highway
.

Federal road standards

Overview

According to Malaysian Road Statistics 2021 by Public Works Department (JKR) Malaysia. The total length of federal roads is 20,017.97 km (12,438.59 mi) and state roads is 247,027.61 km (153,495.84 mi) (Grand total for federal/state roads is 290,099.38 km (180,259.40 mi) as of December 2021, not included local road and rural road under local government authority). (Source: Malaysian Road Statistics 2021)

Federal routes are labeled with only numbers, for example Federal Route 1, while state routes are labeled with the state code letter followed by assigned numbers; for example Route (J)32 is a Johor state road. However, federal route numbers can also be added with the FT- prefix, which is normally used by JKR and

Malaysian police
. For example, Federal Route 1 can also be written as Federal Route FT1. Both federal and state roads have blue road signs and the text colour is white.

Most of the federal roads in Malaysia are two-lane roads. Malaysia implements a right-hand driving system where drivers drive on the left side of the road. However, there are in certain places where additional lanes are available. In town areas, federal roads may become four-lane roads to increase traffic capacity. In hilly areas, additional third climbing lane is available for slower vehicles such as buses and lorries.

Some federal roads may have motorcycle lanes. On Malaysian federal roads, the motorcycle lanes are placed at the extreme left side of each direction and only separated from the main lanes by black-and-white stripes to enable motorcyclists to overtake slower motorcycles and to turn right to exit the road.

Some expressways in Malaysia such as

Federal Highway and Skudai Highway
are federally funded, therefore all federally funded expressways are also classified as federal roads.

Nearly all federal roads are paved with typical

Federal Highway linking Klang to Kuala Lumpur, the section of the highway from Subang Jaya to Kota Darul Ehsan near Petaling Jaya are paved with asphalt
.

Sarawak has some of the most extensive federal road network in Malaysia. All federal roads in Sarawak is connecting main divisions with exception of

Kalimantan Barat, Indonesia
).

Malaysian federal roads are subject to the rural highway standard adopted by

FELDA settlements with no access control and low speed limits) to R5 (federal roads or highways with limited access control and speed limits up to 90 km/h). R6 standard is exclusive for high-speed (up to 110 km/h) expressways with full access
control.

Type of federal roads and route number categories

Examples Information Number digits
FT 5
FT 24
FT 247		 Main federal route numbers 001–249
FT 345
 Institutional facilities federal roads 250–479
1
226		 Federal road exit numbers EXIT 1–EXIT 99
EXIT 201–EXIT 299
FT 1
FT 1-15
 Main federal route numbers
(Sarawak)		 1-1–1-59
3-1–3-99
A1
A6		 Main federal route numbers
(Sabah; old numbering system)		 A01–A99
FT 700
FT 701
FT 704		 Main federal route numbers
(Labuan)		 700–799

FELDA/FELCRA federal route numbers 1000–1999
2000–2999

Industrial federal route numbers 3000–3999

Main federal roads

Mostly found at

Peninsula Malaysia, Sabah and Sarawak
.

FELDA/FELCRA federal roads

Mostly found at

Peninsula Malaysia
only. The road was built by FELDA or FELCRA and JKR.

In Sarawak, federal roads for FELDA is in Lundu and for SALCRA is in Sarikei.

Industrial federal roads

Mostly found at the industrial areas in

Peninsula Malaysia
only.

In Sarawak, there are two industrial federal roads, which are located at Pending Industrial Estate in Kuching and Kidurong Industrial Estate in Bintulu.

Institutional facilities federal roads

See also: Road signs in Malaysia

Mostly found at the entrance to the federal institutional facilities such as

tourist attractions
.

Road design

Rural

Standard Max design
speed limit
(km/h)		 Minimum
lane width
(m)		 Access control Application
JKR R6 110 3.5 Full Expressways under the administration of Malaysian Highway Authority (MHA)
JKR R5 100 3.5 Partial Primary roads and partial access highways for the Federal JKR
JKR R4 90 3.5 Partial Main / secondary roads
JKR R3 70 3.25 Partial Secondary roads
JKR R2 60 3 None Minor roads

Note: JKR R2 is the minimum geometrical standard for 2-lane roads
JKR R1 40 (5.0)* None Single-lane minor roads (country lane)
JKR R1a 40 (4.5)* None Single-lane roads (roads to restricted areas such as quarries)

Urban

Standard Max design
speed limit
(km/h)		 Minimum
lane width
(m)		 Access control Application
JKR U6 90 3.5 Full Expressways under the administration of Malaysian Highway Authority (MHA)
JKR U5 80 3.5 Partial Arterial roads and partial access municipal highways
JKR U4 70 3.25 Partial Arterial / collector roads
JKR U3 60 3.0 Partial Collector roads / Local streets
JKR U2 50 2.75 None Local streets

Note: JKR U2 is the minimum geometrical standard for 2-lane roads
JKR U1 40 (5.0)* None Single-lane street (in towns)
JKR U1a 40 (4.5)* None Single-lane street (as in low-cost housing areas)

* - Total width of 2-way road

(Source: Arahan Teknik (Jalan) 8/86 - A Guide on Geometric Design of Roads, Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia)

Asian Highway Network

Asian Highway route shield.
Federal Roads distance sign with Asian Highway route shield.

AH150
.

The Malaysian section of Route AH2 consists of:-

The Malaysian section of Route AH18 consists of:-

The Malaysian section of Route AH140 consists of:-

The Malaysian section of Route AH141 consists of:-

The Malaysian section of Route AH142 consists of:-

The Malaysian section of Route AH143 consists of:-

The Malaysian section of Route AH150 consists of:-

Federal road maintenances

Malaysian federal roads were previously maintained by the Public Works Department itself; since 2000, several private contractors were appointed by the JKR to provide maintenance to the federal roads by region.[4][5]

Regions Company
 Perlis
 Kedah
 Penang		 THB Maintenance Sdn. Bhd.
 Perak Belati Wangsa (M) Sdn Bhd
 
Federal Territory of Putrajaya
 Pahang
 Terengganu
 Kelantan
 Roadcare (M) Sdn Bhd
 Negeri Sembilan
 Malacca
 Johor		 Selia Selenggara Selatan (M) Sdn Bhd
 
Federal Territory of Labuan
 Lintasan Resources Sdn Bhd
 Sarawak DAL HCM Sdn. Bhd.

Safety

Speed limits

The default

Malaysian police
at many places along the federal roads.

Accidents

Malaysian federal roads are always sites of most of the road accidents in Malaysia, especially during festive seasons.

During festive seasons

During festive seasons such as

Malaysian police
to ensure safety on all roads in Malaysia during festive seasons.

Automated Enforcement System

The Automated Enforcement System (AES) is the road safety enforcement system to monitor all federal roads, highways and expressways in Malaysia. This system came into effect on 22 September 2012.

Type of AES

  • Speed light camera
  • Red light camera

Natural hazards

The

flash floods
and other natural hazards may happen again.

Facilities on the Malaysian federal roads

  • Rest and Service Area and Restaurant and Rest Plaza – These facilities can be found at all federal roads such as Batak Rabit, Temerloh, Bandar Al-Muktafi Billah Shah and Mersing.
  • U-turn – These U-turns can be found at the dual carriageway road.
  • JKR Road Complaint Hotline – These services can be found at all signboards along federal roads.
  • Road Transport Department (JPJ) Enforcement Stations
     – These stations can be found at all federal roads. These JPJ enforcement stations have weighing bridges to detect heavy vehicles.
  • Police Watch Tower
     – These towers can be found at all federal roads in Malaysia to monitored traffic situations during festive seasons.
  • Pedestrian bridge – These bridge can be found at schools, institutional facilities and towns.
  • Traffic lights – These yellow light can be found at the junctions and intersections.
  • Warning lights – These yellow light can be found at the hazardous and accident areas.
  • Automated Enforcement System (AES) – These systems can be found at accident-prone areas and the red-light camera at traffic light junctions.
  • Kilometre Post Monument – These monument usually found opposite the Pos Malaysia post office in the town.

Other facts

List of federal roads

Main article: List of Federal Roads in Malaysia
See also: List of expressways and highways in Malaysia

See also

References

  1. ^ Malaysian Ministry of Works (2013-04-11). "Know Federal Roads". Malaysian Ministry of Works. Retrieved 2015-11-08.
  2. ^ Federal Roads Act 1959 (Act 376). Accessed on 2015-11-08.
  3. ^ "FEDERAL ROADS ACT 1959" (PDF).
  4. ^ "PEMBERITAHUAN PERTANYAAN BERTULIS DEWAN RAKYAT MESYUARAT KETIGA, PENGGAL KETIGA PARLIMEN KEEMPAT BELAS" (PDF). Retrieved 26 August 2023.
  5. ^ "EDUCATIVE MATERIAL CSFJ - Tajuk: Penyenggaraan Jalan Persekutuan". Retrieved 26 August 2023.

External links

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