Thoma I
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Mar Thoma I
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Givargis of the Cross | |
|---|---|
| Successor | Thoma II |
Mar Thoma I, also known as Valiya Mar Thoma (Mar Thoma the Great) and Arkkadiyakkon Thoma (Archdeacon Thomas) in Malayalam and Thomas de Campo in Portuguese [3] was the first native-born, popularly-selected Metropolitan bishop of the 17th-century Malankara Church. He was the last Archdeacon of the undivided St. Thomas Christians of Malankara (Maliyankara).
After the death of
Archdeacon George of the Cross on 25 July 1640, Parambil Thoma Kathanar was elected and enthroned as new Archdeacon, when he was less than 30 years old. He led the Church to the Coonan Cross Oath on 3 January 1653 and to the subsequent schism in Nasrani Church. After the Oath, he was elected as a Bishop by the Malankara (Yogam) Association and consecrated as a Bishop at St. Mary's Church Alangad, by laying hands of 12 priests on 22 May 1653.[citation needed] However, some factions of the community, including two Southist churches of Kaduthuruthy and Udayamperoor refused to recognise him as Bishop[citation needed
].
The archdeacon began to exercise powers of episcopal order, though he openly tried to regularize his episcopal consecration as a Bishop with the
Palliveettil Mar Chandy, Kadavil Chandy Kathanar, Vengoor Geevargese Kathanar and Anjilimoottil Ittithomman Kathanar were the advisors of the bishop Mar Thoma.[4]
Early life
Pakalomattom family was one of the oldest families at Kuravilangad. Thomas who later became the first Mar Thoma, was born in this family.[5]
Archdeacon
Coonen Cross Oath, that "they would no longer obey Archbishop Garcia or any prelate from the society of Jesus, nor would ever again admit the Jesuits into Malabar or into their churches".[3]
After the Coonen Cross Oath, on 5 January 1653, the elders of the church met at
St Thomas Christians
.
Four months after
Alexander de Campo (Chandy Parambil). Both of them claimed to have Apostolic briefs of appointment as Bishop. To resolve the issue and as suggested by the Archdeacons party, the case was referred to the King of Cochin. On 20 September 1661, the King of Cochin asked both parties, to present the Apostolic Briefs in his court. The Apostolic Commissary could produce Apostolic briefs from the Pope of Rome, while the Archdeacon's party failed to produce any briefs. On 9 October 1661, Bishop Sebastiani, tried to capture the Bishop Mar Thoma, with the help of the Portuguese General Captain Ignatius Sarmento, one Kurupp of Purakkad and the Cochin prince Godavarma II, from Mulunthuruthy Church, but he and his party escaped, during the previous night, wearing munds (loin cloths), swords, rollers in hands and special hats on their heads, just like gentile soldiers, so that they could not be recognized by the Nair soldiers.[8]
Rise of Dutch power
The
East Indian Company") was established in 1602. By 1652, VOC trading posts were established in Malabar Coast
in India. On 7 January 1663, Cochin was attacked and the king of Cochin surrendered to the Dutch on 20 March 1663.
Regularization of consecration
By 1665, Cochin was under Dutch control. That year Gregorios Abdal Jaleel, a delegate of the Patriarch of Antioch came to Malankara as per the request of Mar Thoma and regularized his Metropolitan consecration.[1]
Death
He died on 25 April 1670 and was buried in St. Mary's Jacobite Soonoro Cathedral, Angamaly.[9]
See also
References
- ^ a b c d Joseph, Thomas (2011). "Malankara Syriac Orthodox Church". In Sebastian P. Brock; Aaron M. Butts; George A. Kiraz; Lucas Van Rompay (eds.). Gorgias Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Syriac Heritage: Electronic Edition. Gorgias Press. Retrieved 22 September 2016.
- ^ "Morth Mariam Church, Ankamaly". Archived from the original on 5 April 2016. Retrieved 30 April 2016.
- ^ ISBN 9788876521584.
- ^ Brown, Leslie W. (1956). The Indian Christians of St Thomas: An Account of the Ancient Syrian Church of Malabar. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 103.
- OCLC 781412260.
- ^ Mar Chandy Palliveettil Archived 11 April 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Mathew N. M. History of the Marthoma Church, Vol. I. Page 183.
- ^ The Grave Tragedy of the Church of St. Thomas Christians and the Apostolic Mission of Sebastiani by Paul Pallath Page 159
- ^ ":::Welcome to St:mary's Jacobite syrian church Angamaly:::". Archived from the original on 24 March 2010. Retrieved 22 March 2010.
Further reading
- Mathew N. M. (2003). St. Thomas Christians of Malabar Through Ages, C.S.S. Tiruvalla. ISBN 81-782-1008-8and CN 80303.
- Mathew, N. M. Malankara Marthoma Sabha Charitram (History of the Marthoma Church), Volume 1 (2006), Volume II (2007), Volume III (2008). Pub. E.J.Institute, Thiruvalla.
- Pallath, Paul. The Grave Tragedy of the Church of St. Thomas Christians and the Apostolic Mission of Sebastiani, HIRS Publications.