Marco Camenisch

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Marco Camenisch (born 21 January 1952) is a Swiss

activist.[1]

Biography

Early life

Camenisch was born on January 21, 1952, in

Graubünden.[2]

Activism

In the late 1970s, Camenisch was involved in local opposition to the

pylons, sabotage against power stations, and actions against leaders of the nuclear industry.[3]

On Christmas eve of 1979, Camenisch with René Moser sabotaged a power station belonging to NOK (Nordostschweizer Kraftwerke) at

Graubünden sentenced Camenisch to 10 years in prison.[4][5]

Escape

In December 1981, he escaped from Regensdorf prison[4] near Zürich, along with 5 other prisoners. During the melée a prison guard was shot and killed, and another was seriously injured. Camenisch claimed he hadn't been part of the group which committed the shootings. After the escape he spent 10 years in hiding.[3][6]

In 1989, Swiss federal police and media claimed he was responsible for the killing of Swiss border police officer Kurt Moser at Brusio.[4]

Arrest in Italy

On November 5, 1991, Camenisch was stopped by

Massa Carrara sentenced him to 12 years for assault and sabotage of electrical pylons. He served 9 of those years while in solitary confinement in a maximum-security prison.[4]

Extradition to Switzerland

In April 2002, Camenisch was extradited to Switzerland and transferred to a prison in

Pfäffikon near Zürich.[3] In January 2003, after a hunger strike against the conditions of imprisonment he was suffering, he was transferred to a prison in Chur with better conditions.[7] In 2002 the Swiss government transferred him back to Pfäffikon.[7] In July 2004 he was sentenced to seventeen years in prison for the murder of Kurt Moser.[4][5]

In November 2006 the Federal Supreme Court nullified this sentence on the basis that the sum of the two prison terms would exceed the maximum of twenty years set by Swiss law. On 13 March the sentence was therefore reduced to eight years.[8]

Camenisch has maintained his political beliefs during his time in prison, and he has remained a political activist.[8]

He was freed from prison on 10 March 2017, after 26 years.[9][10]

See also

  • Ecoterrorism

References

  1. ^ "Swiss eco-activist found guilty of murder". Archived from the original on 2006-09-25.
  2. ^ "Eco-terrorists have Switzerland and Italy in sight". SWI swissinfo.ch. Retrieved 2021-09-15.
  3. ^ a b c "Ecoterrorist goes on trial for murder". SWI swissinfo.ch. Retrieved 2021-09-15.
  4. ^ a b c d e Bott, Martin (2004-06-05). "'Eco-terrorist' jailed for killing border guard". The Independent. London. Retrieved 2017-12-30.
  5. ^ a b "Schweiz - Zwiegespräche mit dem «Ökoterroristen» Marco Camenisch (Dialogues with the "eco-terrorist" Marco Camenisch)". Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen (SRF) (in German). 2015-04-15. Retrieved 2021-05-25.
  6. ^ "Ecoterrorist gets 17 years for murder". SWI swissinfo.ch. Retrieved 2021-09-15.
  7. ^ a b swissinfo.ch, Paolo Bertossa in Rome, (translated by Isobel Johnson). "Marco Camenisch; a life of extremes". SWI swissinfo.ch. Retrieved 2021-09-15.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  8. ^ a b swissinfo.ch, <Daniele Mariani>, (Adapted from Italian by Dale Bechtel). "Violent anarchist groups go global". SWI swissinfo.ch. Retrieved 2021-09-15.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ^ "Marco Camenisch è libero". Ticinonline (in Italian). 14 March 2017.
  10. ^ "Marco Camenisch aus Gefängnis entlassen". Neue Zürcher Zeitung (in German).

Further reading

  • Posłuszna, Elżbieta; Mareš, Miroslav (2016). "Marco Camenisch". In Fredholm, Michael (ed.). Understanding Lone Actor Terrorism: Past Experience, Future Outlook, and Response Strategies. London: Routledge. pp. 98–100.
    ISBN 978-1-315-65762-2
    .
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