Marcus Terentius Varro Lucullus
Marcus Terentius Varro Lucullus | |
---|---|
Born | Marcus Licinius Lucullus 116 BC[1] |
Died | soon after 56 BC |
Nationality | Roman |
Office | Consul (73 BC) Governor of Macedonia (72 BC) |
Parent |
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Marcus Terentius Varro Lucullus (116 – soon after 56 BC), younger brother of the more famous
Biography
Name and family
Born in
First public activities
In the early 90s BC, young Marcus and his brother Lucius unsuccessfully prosecuted Servilius the Augur. This man had earlier functioned as the prosecutor in the trial for embezzlement (de repetundis) that sent their father, Lucius Licinius Lucullus into exile to Lucania.[4]
Service under Sulla
When Sulla returned from the East in the spring of 83 BC to fight the
Priesthood
Probably at the suggestion of his first cousin, the
Aedileship
Even though he was not even present at the elections of 80 BC, Marcus Lucullus was elected to serve as
Judge
Elected praetor peregrinus, the praetor in charge of court cases involving non-Roman citizens, for 76 BC, Marcus Lucullus presided over one cause célèbre, the trial against Gaius Antonius Hybrida (later Cicero's colleague as consul). Antonius had enriched himself shamelessly as a legate of Sulla in Greece during the First Mithridatic War. The prosecutor, the young Julius Caesar, won a conviction. Antonius managed, however, to have his conviction overturned by appealing to the people's tribunes. because, as he said, he could not get a fair trial in Rome against a Greek man.[13]
Apart from this, the praetor Marcus Lucullus is credited with an edict against armed gangs of slaves that authorized victims to demand compensation of four times the amount of their damages from the slaves' owners.[14]
Consul and governor of Macedonia
As consul in 73 BC (along with Gaius Cassius Longinus), he passed a law that provided subsidized grain for indigent Roman citizens (lex Terentia et Cassia frumentaria).[15] His name also appears on a famous inscription (IG VII, 413), a letter that informs the inhabitants of Oropos in Greece that the senate has passed a decree in their favour regarding their dispute with Roman tax farmers.
After his consulship, Marcus Lucullus became governor (proconsul) of the important province of
Earlier in the same year, 71 BC, Marcus Lucullus also played a minor role in the defeat of
Later life and death
In 70 BC, Marcus Lucullus helped Cicero achieve his famous prosecution of
In 66 or 65 BC, Marcus Lucullus was put on trial by
In 63 BC, Marcus Lucullus opposed the attempt of
See also
References
- ^ Sumner, p. 114.
- ^ Keaveney 8; Arkenberg 333.
- ^ i.e., Marcus Terentius, son of Marcus, Varro Lucullus, cf. 'CIL' 1(2).719 = 11.6331.
- ^ Cic.Acad.2.1; Plut. Lucullus 1; Keaveney 4-6; on the debate over the exact date see id. 6, n. 14.
- ^ Oros. 5.20.3; Mommsen, History of Rome bk. 4, p. 87.
- ^ Liv. Per. 88; Vell. Pat. 2.28.1; Plut. “Sulla” 27.7-8; Plut. "Lucullus" 37.1 (there Lucullus' title is quaestor, not legate); Appian. “B.C.” 1.92; Broughton, “MRR” 2.65.
- ^ thus Jörg Rüpke, Vitae Sacerdotum, under [DNr2602] M. Terentius M. f. Varro Lucullus certainly before 76 BC, see Taylor, "Caesar's Colleagues" 411
- ^ Mommsen, Staatsrecht I 583
- ^ "Vitae sacerdotum". Archived from the original on Jun 23, 2007. Retrieved Mar 15, 2023.
- ^ Plutarch, Lucullus 1.6
- ^ Cic.De off. 2.57
- ^ Plin.Nat. Hist. 8.19; Keaveney 36
- ^ Asconius p. 84 Clark; Q. Cic. Comm. Pet. 8; Plut. Caes. 4; Gelzer, Caesar 21
- ^ Cic. "Tull." 8-11; Gelzer, "Caesar" 34-35.
- ^ "LacusCurtius • The Roman Welfare System (Smith's Dictionary, 1875)". penelope.uchicago.edu. Retrieved Mar 15, 2023.
- ^ "J. Harmatta - 1.6". www.kroraina.com. Retrieved Mar 15, 2023.
- ^ Cicero, Pis. 44; Eutrop. 6.10.1.
- ^ Strabo, Geography 7.6.1; Pliny, Nat. Hist. 4.92 and 34.38.
- ^ Plutarch, Lucullus 37.
- ^ Gelzer, Cicero 62-63, Ward.
- ^ Plutarch, Lucullus 43.
Sources
Ancient sources
- Appian, The Civil Wars 1.92 and 120.
- Asconius, Commentary on Cicero's In Toga Candidap. 84 Clark.
- Cicero, "Pro Tullio" 8–11.
- Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum I2.719 = 11.6331.
- Eutropius 6.10.1.
- Inscriptiones Graecae VII 413.
- Livy, Periochae 88.
- Pliny, Naturalis Historia 4.92 and 34.38
- Plutarch, Lucullus 1, 37, and 43; Caesar 4.
- Quintus Cicero, Commentariolum Petitionis 8.
- Sallust, Histories 4.18 M.
- Strabo, Geography 7.6.1.
Secondary literature
- Arkenberg, J. S. "Licinii Murenae, Terentii Varrones, and Varrones Murenae." Historia 42 (1993) 326–51.
- Bradley, Keith. Slavery and Rebellion in the Roman World. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1989. ISBN 0-253-31259-0
- Broughton, T. Robert S. "Magistrates of the Roman Republic." Vol. 2. Cleveland: Case Western University Press, 1968, p. 118-19.
- Gelzer, Matthias. Cicero. Ein biographischer Versuch. Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1969 (repr. 1983). ISBN 3-515-04089-7.
- Gelzer, Matthias. Caesar. Der Politiker und Staatsmann. 6th ed. Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1960 (repr. 1983). ISBN 3-515-03907-4.
- Keaveney, Arthur. Lucullus. A Life. London/New York: Routledge, 1992. ISBN 0-415-03219-9.
- Mommsen, Theodor, "The History of Rome, Books I-V", project Gutenberg electronic edition, 2004. ISBN 0-415-14953-3.
- Strachan-Davidson, J. L. (ed.), Appian, Civil Wars: Book I, Oxford 1902.
- Sumner, G.V. (1973). The Orators in Cicero's Brutus: Prosopography and Chronology. University of Toronto Press. ISBN 0-8020-5281-9.
- Taylor, Lily Ross. "Caesar's Colleagues in the Pontifical College." American Journal of Philology 63 (1942) 385–412.
- Ward, Allen M. "Politics in the Trials of Manilius and Cornelius." Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association 101 (1970), pp. 545–556.
External links
- M. Terentius (Licinius 109) M. f. Varro Lucullus in the Digital Prosopography of the Roman Republic.
- For the Greek text of the Epistula de Amphiarai Oropii agris, see epigraphy.packhum.org
- A Latin version is available at [1]