Marge Simpson
Marge Simpson | |
---|---|
The Simpsons character | |
First appearance |
|
Created by | Matt Groening |
Designed by | Matt Groening |
Voiced by | Julie Kavner |
In-universe information | |
Full name | Marjorie Jacqueline Simpson (née Bouvier) |
Species | Human |
Gender | Female |
Occupation | Housewife |
Family |
|
Spouse | Homer Simpson |
Children |
|
Relatives |
|
Home | 742 Evergreen Terrace, Springfield , United States |
Nationality | American |
Marjorie Jacqueline "Marge" Simpson[1] (née Bouvier) is a character in the American animated sitcom The Simpsons and part of the eponymous family (The Simpsons). Voiced by Julie Kavner, she first appeared on television in The Tracey Ullman Show short "Good Night" on April 19, 1987. Marge was created and designed by cartoonist Matt Groening while he was waiting in the lobby of James L. Brooks' office. Groening had been called to pitch a series of shorts based on Life in Hell but instead decided to create a new set of characters. He based the character on his mother Margaret Groening. After appearing on The Tracey Ullman Show for three seasons, the Simpson family received their own series on Fox, which debuted December 17, 1989.
Marge is the matriarch of the Simpson family. With her husband Homer, she has three children: Bart, Lisa, and Maggie. Marge is the moralistic force in her family and often provides a grounding voice in the midst of her family's antics by trying to maintain order in the Simpson household. She is often portrayed as a stereotypical television mother and is often included on lists of top "TV moms". She has appeared in other media relating to The Simpsons—including video games, The Simpsons Movie, The Simpsons Ride, commercials, and comic books—and inspired an entire line of merchandise.
Marge's distinctive blue
Role in The Simpsons
The Simpsons uses a
As with many Simpsons characters, Marge's age and birthday changes to serve the story. In
Marge has been nonworking for most of the series, choosing to be a
Character
Creation
Marge debuted with the rest of the Simpson family on April 19, 1987, in The Tracey Ullman Show
Matt Groening believes that episodes featuring Marge are among the most difficult episodes to write.
Design
The entire Simpson family was designed so that they would be recognizable in silhouette.[26] The family was crudely drawn, because Groening had submitted basic sketches to the animators, assuming they would clean them up; instead, they just traced over his drawings.[17] To draw Marge, the animators generally start off with a sphere, similar to the way Lisa and Maggie are drawn. The eyes are then drawn, with one roughly in the middle of the sphere, and the other to the front side of the head. Then, the nose and lip are drawn. Her hair is then drawn on top as a long tube coming out of the sphere. An original idea the animators had for when Marge walked through doorways was that her hair would be forced down as she walked through, then once clear of the door, it would spring back and forth. This was never used.[27] Groening's original plan for Marge's hair was that it would conceal large, Life in Hell-esque rabbit ears. The gag was intended to be revealed in the final episode of the series, but was scrapped early on due to inconsistencies, and also to the fact that rabbit ears would be too fictitious even for The Simpsons.[28]
Voice
Marge's voice is performed by Julie Kavner, who also does the voices of Marge's mother Jacqueline and her sisters Patty and Selma. Kavner had been part of the regular cast of The Tracey Ullman Show. Voices were needed for the shorts, so the producers decided to ask Kavner and fellow cast member Dan Castellaneta to voice Marge and Homer rather than hire more actors.[29][30] Part of Kavner's contract says that she will never have to promote The Simpsons on video and she rarely performs Marge's voice in public because she believes it "destroys the illusion. People feel these are real people."[31][32] Kavner takes recording sessions seriously and feels that voice acting is "a little more limiting than live acting. And I have nothing to do with my character's movement."[33]
Marge's raspy voice is only slightly different from Kavner's, who has a "honeyed gravel voice"[34] which she says is due to "a bump on [her] vocal cords."[35] While Marge is her most famous character, Kavner's favorite characters to voice are Patty and Selma because "they're really funny and sad at the same time."[32] In The Simpsons Movie, some scenes, such as Marge's video message to Homer, were recorded over one hundred times, leaving Kavner exhausted.[36] Kristen Bell provided Marge's singing voice in "The Star of the Backstage".[37]
Until 1998, Kavner was paid $30,000 per episode. During a pay dispute in 1998, Fox threatened to replace the six main voice actors with new actors, going as far as preparing to cast new voices.[38] However, the dispute was soon resolved and she received $125,000 per episode until 2004 when the voice actors demanded that they be paid $360,000 an episode.[38] The issue was resolved a month later,[39] and Kavner earned $250,000 per episode.[31] After salary re-negotiations in 2008, the voice actors receive approximately $400,000 per episode.[40] Three years later, with Fox threatening to cancel the series unless production costs were cut, Kavner and the other cast members accepted a 30 percent pay cut, down to just over $300,000 per episode.[41]
Personality
Marge is generally a stereotypical sitcom mother, and she also plays the "long-suffering wife" who puts up with the antics of her children and her oafish husband.
Marge often provides a grounding opinion for Homer and their marriage has often been shaky. Marge admits that she "put[s] up with a lot in [their] marriage," and has left Homer or thrown him out of the house on several occasions.
Through it all, Marge has remained faithful to Homer, despite temptations to the contrary such as the one in "
Marge is more caring, understanding, and nurturing toward Bart than Homer, but she refers to him as "a handful" and is often embarrassed by his antics.
Marge has a good relationship with Lisa and the two are shown to get along quite well. Marge over-mothers Maggie, which causes her to become too clingy and dependent on Marge. Marge maintains a good relationship with her mother Jacqueline and her sisters Patty and Selma, though they disapprove of Homer and are vocal about it. Marge has tolerated their criticism, but has occasionally lost patience with them, once referring to them as "ghouls".[49]
Marge's late father Clancy is rarely referred to in the series and has had speaking parts in only two episodes.
Marge believes she has higher morals and is more law-abiding than most other characters, once leading a family values crusade against the violent The Itchy & Scratchy Show[53] and being a prominent member of the "Citizens' Committee on Moral Hygiene".[54] She often provides a voice of reason for the town itself, but many of the townspeople are frustrated or contemptuous of her failure to recognize or react correctly to breaches of social norms.[55]
Marge is the only member of the family who encourages, and often forces, church attendance. In "
In spite of her highly debatable moral stances, Marge struggles with vices, such as a gambling addiction., she forced Lisa and herself to clean the entire mansion.
Politically, Marge generally aligns with the Democratic Party, having supported the candidacy of her state's progressive governor Mary Bailey,[59] and voted for Jimmy Carter in both of his presidential elections.[12] She was also deeply affected by the death of Lyndon B. Johnson, to the point where she wanted him to be alive so badly that she kept seeing him everywhere she looked.
Reception
At the
Marge has been ranked highly in lists of the top television mothers of all time. She was ranked first on
Religious writer Kenneth Briggs has written that "Marge is my candidate for sainthood ... She lives in the real world, she lives with crises, with flawed people. She forgives and she makes her own mistakes. She is a forgiving, loving person ... absolutely saintly."[75]
Marge and Lisa are
Cultural influence
Dear First Lady, I recently read your criticism of my family. I was deeply hurt. Heaven knows we're far from perfect and, if truth be known, maybe just a wee bit short from normal; but as Dr. Seuss says, "a person is a person". I try to teach my children ... always to give somebody the benefit of the doubt and not talk badly about them, even if they're rich. It's hard to get them to understand this advice when the very First Lady in the country calls us not only dumb, but "the dumbest thing" she ever saw. I hope there is some way out of this controversy. I thought, perhaps, it would be a good start to just speak my mind.
—Marge Simpson in her letter to Barbara Bush[76]
The edition of October 1, 1990, of
In 2002, opponents of the Seattle Monorail Project planned on showing the episode "Marge vs. the Monorail" at a protest event. Following complaints, 20th Century Fox sent a letter to the event organizers ordering that the episode not be shown due to copyright laws.[79] In 2004, Marge appeared on Channel 4 in the United Kingdom for the Alternative Christmas message, which is annually broadcast at the same time that Queen Elizabeth II gives her Christmas message.[80]
On April 9, 2009, the United States Postal Service unveiled a series of five 44-cent stamps featuring Marge and the four other members of the Simpson family. They are the first characters from a television series to receive this recognition while the show is still in production.[81] The stamps, designed by Matt Groening, were made available for purchase on May 7, 2009.[82][83]
Merchandising
Marge is depicted in much The Simpsons-related merchandise, including T-shirts, baseball caps, bumper stickers, cardboard stand-ups, refrigerator magnets, key rings, buttons, dolls, posters and figurines.[84] She has appeared in each of The Simpsons video games.[85] Besides the television series, Marge regularly appears in issues of Simpsons Comics, which were published from 1993 to 2018.[86][87] Marge also plays a role in The Simpsons Ride, launched in 2008 at Universal Studios Florida and Hollywood.[88]
Marge appeared in a 2005 advertisement for Dove Styling, where her normal beehive hair was exchanged for a more stylish look for a series of ads featuring several popular cartoon women.[89]
In April 2004, Marge appeared on the cover of Maxim.[90] She also appeared on the cover of the November 2009 issue of Playboy, becoming the first cartoon character to appear on the cover. The cover and a three-page picture spread, as well as a story inside entitled The Devil in Marge Simpson, commemorated the 20th anniversary of The Simpsons,[91] but as also part of a plan to appeal to younger readers, a decision which has been criticized due to a page in which the character is depicted nude.[92] Darine Stern's picture on the October 1971 cover served as the inspiration for Playboy's November 2009 cover.[93]
Notes
- ^ Homer's age also fluctuates throughout the series. See Homer Simpson#Age.
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Bibliography
External links