Maria Konopnicka

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Maria Konopnicka (Polish pronunciation:

Positivist period.[2][3]

Life

Konopnicka was born in Suwałki on 23 May 1842.[4] Her father, Józef Wasiłowski, was a lawyer.[4] She was home-schooled and spent a year (1855–56) at a convent pension of the Sisters of Eucharistic Adoration in Warsaw (Zespół klasztorny sakramentek w Warszawie).[5]

Konopnicka, by Maria Dulębianka, 1902

She made her debut as a writer in 1870 with the poem, "W zimowy poranek" ("On a Winter's Morn").

Nobel laureate Henryk Sienkiewicz.[6][7]

In 1862 she married Jarosław Konopnicki.

Positivist period, Eliza Orzeszkowa,[12] and of the painter and activist Maria Dulębianka (with whom she lived in a possibly romantic relationship).[13] It has been speculated that she was bisexual or a lesbian (particularly in relation to Dulębianka[7][14]), though this has not been properly researched, and the question is not usually mentioned in biographies of Konopnicka. Konopnicka’s wish was to be buried together with Dulębianka. Both women were laid to rest together at a cemetery in Lviv, Ukraine.[15][16][17][18]

In addition to being an active writer, she was also a social activist, organizing and participating in protests against the repression of ethnic (primarily Polish) and religious minorities in Prussia.[6] She was also involved in women's-rights activism.[19]

Her literary work in the 1880s gained wide recognition in Poland.[6] In 1884 she began writing children's literature, and in 1888 she debuted as an adult-prose writer with

Austrian partition of pre-Partition Poland.[11] In 1903 she received a manor in Żarnowiec, where she arrived on 8 September.[11][20] She would spend most springs and summers there, but she would still travel about Europe in fall and winter.[6][11]

She died in

Łyczakowski Cemetery. As per her wish Dulębianka was laid to rest next to her.[4][1]

Work

Konopnicka, by Maria Dulębianka, 1910

Konopnicka wrote prose (primarily short stories) as well as poems.

folk songs.[6] She would try her hand at many genres of literature, such as reportage sketches, narrative memoirs, psychological portrait studies and others.[6]

A common theme in her works was the oppression and poverty of the peasantry, workers, and

philosemite.[2] Her works were also highly patriotic and nationalistic.[2][22][23]

One of her best known works is the long epic in six

Lwów

Her most famous children's literature work is the 1896 O krasonoludkach i sierotce Marysi (Little Orphan Mary and the Gnomes).[23] Her children literature works were well received, as compared to many other works of the period.[6]

Maria Konopnicka also composed a poem about the execution of the Irish patriot, Robert Emmet. Emmet was executed by the British authorities in Dublin in 1803, but Konopnicka published her poem on the topic in 1908.[26]

She was also a translator. Her translated works include Ada Negri's Fatalita and Tempeste, published in Poland in 1901.[27]

Memorials

  • In 1922, the Maria Konopnicka Special Education School Complex was established in Pabianice.
  • Poczta Polska featured her on a postage stamp in 1952.* [28]
  • Kononpnicka mansion in Żarnowiec was converted into a museum, opened in 1957, the Maria Konopnicka Museum in Żarnowiec (Muzeum Marii Konopnickiej w Żarnowcu).[11][20] Another museum, the Maria Konopnicka Museum in Suwałki, was opened in 1973.[29]
  • A number of schools and other institutions, including several streets and plazas, bear her name in Poland. Polish Merchant Navy ship MS Maria Konopnicka was also named after her. Several plaques and monuments to her have been constructed. One of the most recent ones is a monument to her built in Suwałki in 2010.[30] A crater on Venus was named after her in 1994.[31]
  • In Warsaw, in 2010 on the centenary of the poet's death, an International Maria Konopnicka Prize was created in recognition of organic work .
  • Selected monuments and memorials dedicated to Maria Konopnicka:
  • Maria Konopnicka Monument in Września
    Maria Konopnicka Monument in Września
  • Statue in Suwałki
    Statue in Suwałki
  • Memorial stone at the site of Konopnicka's former home in Warsaw
    Memorial stone at the site of Konopnicka's former home in Warsaw
  • Statue in Warsaw's Saxon Garden
    Statue in Warsaw's Saxon Garden
  • Statue in Bydgoszcz
    Statue in Bydgoszcz
  • Statue in Kalisz
    Statue in Kalisz
  • Statue in Gdańsk
    Statue in Gdańsk

Selected works

Wikisource has original works by or about:
Maria Konopnicka

Poetry

  • Linie i dźwięki (Lines and Sounds, 1897)
  • Śpiewnik historyczny (Historical Music Book, 1904)
  • Głosy ciszy (Sounds of Silence, 1906)
  • Z liryk i obrazków (Lyrics and Pictures, 1909)
  • Pan Balcer w Brazylii (Mister Balcer in Brazil, 1910)

Prose

  • Cztery nowele (Four Short Stories, 1888)
  • Moi znajomi (People I Know, 1890)
  • Na drodze (On the Way, 1893)
  • Ludzie i rzeczy (People and Things, 1898)
  • Mendel Gdański

Children's

  • Śpiewnik dla dzieci (Songbook for Children).
  • O Janku Wędrowniczku (About Johnnie the Wanderer).
  • O krasnoludkach i sierotce Marysi (About the Dwarfs and Little Orphan Mary).
  • Na jagody (Picking Blueberries).

Poems

  • Rota (Oath, 1908).
  • Stefek Burczymucha.
  • Wolny najmita (The Free Day-Labourer).

Notes

  1. ^ Sometimes transliterated as Wasilowska

References

  1. ^ a b "pl.Billiongraves.com". Retrieved 2019-07-11.
  2. ^
    ISBN 978-0-520-91259-5
    . Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  3. ^
    ISBN 978-1-57607-800-6
    . Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  4. ^
    ISBN 978-0-86516-245-7
    . Retrieved 13 May 2013.
  5. ^ Zofia Bogusławska (1961). Literatura okresu pozytywizmu i realizmu krytycznego: antologia i opracowanie dla klasy X. Państwowe Zaklady Wydawn. Szkolnych. p. 183. Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Marek Adamiec (1910-10-08). "Maria Konopnicka". Literat.ug.edu.pl. Retrieved 2013-05-14.
  7. ^
    ISBN 978-83-233-8669-8
    . Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  8. ISBN 978-83-209-0761-2
    . Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  9. ^ a b c Maria Konopnicka (1971). Korespondencja. Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich. p. 391. Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  10. ^ Jan Baculewski (1978). Maria Konopnicka: materiały. Wydawn. Szkolne i Pedagogiczne. p. 406. Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h "Muzeum Marii Konopnickiej w Żarnowcu – Historia Muzeum". Muzeumzarnowiec.pl. Retrieved 2013-05-14.
  12. ISBN 978-0-8014-8996-9
    . Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  13. ISBN 978-963-7326-61-5
    . Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  14. ^ Czas kultury. Obserwator. 2008. p. 174. Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  15. ISBN 978-83-914145-1-4
    . Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  16. ^ "Wielcy i niezapomniani: Maria Konopnicka – Artykuły". queer.pl. 2006-11-16. Retrieved 2013-05-14.
  17. ISBN 978-83-923554-0-3
    . Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  18. ^ Wojciech Wencel (12 October 2008). "Wencel gordyjski – Homo wiadomo – WPROST". Wprost.pl. Retrieved 2013-05-14.
  19. ISBN 978-0-8047-6707-1
    . Retrieved 15 May 2013.
  20. ^
    ISBN 978-1-4094-5663-6
    . Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  21. ISBN 978-1-4008-4142-4
    . Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  22. ISBN 978-0-313-30571-9
    . Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  23. ^
    ISBN 978-83-233-8669-8
    . Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  24. ISBN 978-0-521-57697-0
    . Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  25. ISBN 978-1-55753-371-5
    . Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  26. JSTOR 25746924
    .
  27. ISBN 978-83-233-8669-8
    . Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  28. ISBN 978-0-89487-593-9
    .
  29. ^ "Muzeum im. Marii Konopnickiej w Suwałkach". Muzeum.suwalki.info. Archived from the original on 2008-05-07. Retrieved 2013-05-14.
  30. ^ "Suwałki: odsłonięto pomnik Marii Konopnickiej". M.onet.pl. 2010-10-08. Archived from the original on 2013-04-13. Retrieved 2013-05-14.
  31. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Konopnicka on Venus". Planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov. Retrieved 2013-05-14.

Further reading

  • Brodzka, Alina. Maria Konopnicka, "Wiedza Powszechna", Warszawa, 1975.
  • Baculewski, Jan. Śladami życia i twórczości Marii Konopnickiej, Ludowa Spółdzielnia Wydawnicza, Warszawa, 1966.
  • G. Borkowska, Ruchliwa fala (Maria Konopnicka i kwestia kobieca), [in:] Maria Konopnicka. Głosy o życiu i pisarstwie w 150-lecie urodzin. Warszawa 1992

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Maria Konopnicka.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria_Konopnicka&oldid=1192728386"