Marian Zyndram-Kościałkowski

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Marian Zyndram-Kościałkowski
Mayor of Warsaw
In office
2 March 1934 – 28 June 1934
Preceded byZygmunt Słomiński
Succeeded byStefan Starzyński
Voivode of Białystok Voivodeship
In office
10 July 1930 – 8 March 1934
Preceded byKarol Kirst
Succeeded byStanisław Michałowski
Personal details
Born(1892-03-16)16 March 1892
Pandėlys, Kovno Governorate, Russian Empire
Died12 April 1946(1946-04-12) (aged 54)
Brookwood, United Kingdom
NationalityPolish
Political partyPolish People's Party "Wyzwolenie"
OccupationPolitician, soldier

Marian Zyndram-Kościałkowski (Polish pronunciation:

Mayor of Warsaw in 1934 and 27th Prime Minister of Poland from 1935 to 1936.[1]

Early years

Marian Zyndram-Kościałkowski was born in his family’s real estate of Pandėlys, located in the

Novoalexandrovsky Uyezd of the Kovno Governorate of the Russian Empire (today Lithuania), to Karol and Maria Budrewicz. He came from a noble background that used the Syrokomla coat of arms. In 1903, Marian went to Saint Petersburg where he attended middle and high school. After graduation in 1910, he began studying at the local Neurological Institute. Also, he studied agriculture at Riga Technical University
.

In 1911, Zyndram-Kościałkowski became a member of the

Podporucznik
(Second Lieutenant). In the same year, he married fellow member of the POW, Anna Krysińska. In 1918, their son Witold was born, with Piłsudski as the godfather.

1918–1921

In late 1918, Zyndram-Kościałkowski joined the newly created

Wilno (Vilnius), and soon afterwards, Józef Piłsudski ordered him to carry out sabotage attacks in the rear of the Red Army
.

In September 1920, Zyndram-Kościałkowski was named commandant of the Bieniakonie Group, which was part of Volunteer Division (Colonel Adam Koc). Together with this unit, he participated in Żeligowski's Mutiny, which resulted in creation of the Republic of Central Lithuania. In 1920 - 1922, Zyndram-Kościałkowski commanded Second Department (Intelligence) of the General Staff of Central Lithuania’s Armed Forces.

1920s

In 1922, Zyndram-Kościałkowski joined

Land of Wilno to the Polish Sejm
, he was released from the military. Zyndram-Kościałkowski remained in the parliament until 1939.

In the early 1920s, he was a member of a

Sanacja movement, and in May 1927 became a member of the Warsaw City Council
. At the same time, he was a deputy chairman of the Association of Army Reservists, and leading member of Association of Polish Cities. In the Parliament, he was responsible for the budget of the Ministry of Military Affairs for the year 1927/28.

Following the

1928 Polish legislative election, Zyndram-Kościałkowski was again elected from the District of Wilno. In March 1928, he became deputy chairman of the Nonpartisan Bloc for Cooperation with the Government
(BBWR), and in June, his Labour Party joined the BBWR, as autonomous organization.

Zyndram-Kościałkowski was regarded as an avid supporter of Józef Piłsudski. In defence of his policies, in 1922, he challenged General Józef Haller to a duel.

1930s

Portrait of Marian Zyndram-Kościałkowski by Józef Blicharski (1933)

On 20 July 1930 Zyndram-Kościałkowski was named

Białystok Voivodeship, remaining there until late February 1934. He improved local administration, built sewer system and paved streets of Białystok. He also founded the unemployment committee and Agricultural Chamber. Due to his efforts, local entrepreneurs presented their products at the Northern Trade Fair in Wilno. Also, he was one of co-founders of sports club Jagiellonia Białystok
. To honor his work, on 4 September 1935 Zyndram-Kościałkowski was named Honorary Citizen of Białystok, and a boulevard was named after him.

Following the

1935 Polish legislative election
.

After the death of Józef Piłsudski (12 May 1935), the Sanacja camp was divided into two factions: those gathered around President

Edward Śmigły-Rydz. In August 1935, Mościcki agreed with Minister Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski that changes must be made in the government of Walery Sławek
. Kwiatkowski entered the cabinet, while Zyndram-Kościałkowski was appointed to the post of Prime Minister.

On 13 October 1935 Marian Zyndram-Kościałkowski was nominated to the post of Prime Minister of Poland. His government excluded the so-called

Lwów
, the police killed 9 people, wounding over 200. These social disturbances undermined the position of Zyndram-Kościałkowski and his cabinet.

On 15 May 1936 President Mościcki demoted Zyndram-Kościałkowski, replacing him with Felicjan Sławoj Składkowski. Zyndram-Kościałkowski was appointed Minister of Labour in the new government, remaining in post until 30 September 1939.

Exile and death

After the Invasion of Poland, Zyndram-Kościałkowski was interned in Romania. He then moved to France and Great Britain. New Prime Minister in Exile, General Władysław Sikorski sent him to a camp for political opponents, on the Isle of Bute in Scotland. His new partner, actress Maria Balcerkiewicz, was interned with him. They later became engaged, but he died before they could get married.

Marian Zyndram-Kościałkowski died on 12 April 1946 in Brookwood, Surrey.

Military ranks

  • Lieutenant – 2 XII 1918
  • Captain – 1 XII 1919
  • Major – 1924
  • Subcolonel – 14 XII 1931

Honors and awards

References

  1. ISBN 978-0-87820-141-9
    .

External links

Media related to Marian Zyndram-Kościałkowski at Wikimedia Commons

Political offices
Preceded by Prime Minister of Poland
1935–1936 		Succeeded by
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marian_Zyndram-Kościałkowski&oldid=1214847973"