Marseilleviridae

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Marseilleviridae
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Varidnaviria
Kingdom: Bamfordvirae
Phylum: Nucleocytoviricota
Class: Megaviricetes
Order: Pimascovirales
Family: Marseilleviridae
Genera
The typical form of the virions of the Marseilleviridae is, in principle, similar to that of the Mimiviridae.

Marseilleviridae is a

nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses
clade.

Taxonomy

The genus contains the following genera and species:[7]

Related Viruses

Images of cryo-frozen Marseilleviridae particles (left and center) and enlarged diagram of structure near a vertex. Black arrows indicate Large Dense Bodies. White arrows indicate lipid bilayer.

Additional species have since been recognized.[1] The first member of this family recognized has been named Acanthamoeba polyphaga marseillevirus. A second member is Acanthamoeba castellanii lausannevirus. Two additional viruses have been isolated but have yet to be named. Another member of this family has been isolated from blood donors.[4] An isolate from insects—Insectomime virus—has also been reported.[8]

The viruses appear to fall into at least 3 lineages: (1) Marseillevirus and Cannes8virus (2) Insectomime and Tunisvirus and (3) Lausannevirus. A sixth potential member of this family—Melbournevirus—appears to be related to the Marseillevirus/Cannes8virus clade.[9]

A seventh virus—Brazilian Marseillevirus—has been reported.[10] This virus appears to belong to a fourth lineage of virus in this family.

Another virus—Tokyovirus—has also been reported.[11]

Another member of this family is Kurlavirus.[12]

In 2017, it was proposed that the family contained the following five lineages:[13]

Lineage A

Lineage B

Lineage C

Lineage D

Lineage E

Another putative member of this family is Marseillevirus shanghai. If this virus is confirmed, it would belong to the A lineage.

Structure

Viruses in Marseilleviridae have icosahedral geometries. The diameter is around 250 nm. Genomes are circular, around 372kb in length. The genome has 457 open reading frames.[6]

Genus Structure Symmetry Capsid Genomic arrangement Genomic segmentation
Unassigned Head-Tail T=16 Non-enveloped Linear Monopartite
Marseillevirus Icosahedral Circular

Life cycle

DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. Amoeba serve as the natural host.[6]

Genus Host details Tissue tropism Entry details Release details Replication site Assembly site Transmission
Marseillevirus Amoeba None Fusion Lysis Cytoplasm Cytoplasm Diffusion in Water

Genomics

A promoter sequence—AAATATTT—has been found associated with 55% of the identified genes in this virus.[14] Most of these sequences occur in multiple copies.[citation needed]

History

One of the first members of this family was described in 2009.[15] Other members described around then (2007) and since then have been documented.[16]

References

  1. ^
    PMID 23188494
    .
  2. PMID 25218687
    .
  3. PMID 23664726
    .
  4. ^
    PMID 23821720
    .
  5. PMID 27502174
    .
  6. ^ a b c "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
  7. ^ a b "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
  8. PMID 24157885
    .
  9. PMID 25275139
    .
  10. PMID 26978387
    .
  11. PMID 27284144
    .
  12. S2CID 3984074
    .
  13. ^ Fabre E, Jeudy S, Santini S, Legendre M, Trauchessec M, Claverie J-M, et al (2017). Noumeavirus replication relies on a transient remote control of the host nucleus. Nat Commun 8:15087
  14. PMID 28794030
    .
  15. PMID 20007369
    .
  16. PMID 25104553
    .

External links