Martin Hellman
Martin Hellman | |
---|---|
MIT IBM Research | |
Thesis | Learning with Finite Memory (1969) |
Doctoral advisor | Thomas Cover |
Doctoral students | Ralph Merkle Taher Elgamal |
Website | ee |
Martin Edward Hellman (born October 2, 1945) is an American
Hellman was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2002 for contributions to the theory and practice of cryptography.
In 2016, he wrote a book with his wife, Dorothie Hellman, that links creating love at home to bringing peace to the planet (A New Map for Relationships: Creating True Love at Home and Peace on the Planet).
Early life
Born in New York to a Jewish family,[4] Hellman graduated from the Bronx High School of Science. He went on to take his bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from New York University in 1966, and at Stanford University he received a master's degree and a Ph.D. in the discipline in 1967 and 1969.[5]
Career
From 1968 to 1969 he worked at IBM's Thomas J. Watson Research Center in Yorktown Heights, New York, where he encountered Horst Feistel. From 1969 to 1971, he was an assistant professor of electrical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He joined Stanford University electrical engineering department in 1971 as an assistant professor and served on the full-time faculty for twenty-five years before taking emeritus status as a full professor in 1996.[6]
Public key cryptography
Hellman and
Computer privacy debate
Hellman has been a longtime contributor to the computer privacy debate. He and Diffie were the most prominent critics of the short key size of the Data Encryption Standard (DES) in 1975. An audio recording survives of their review of DES at Stanford in 1976 with Dennis Branstad of NBS and representatives of the National Security Agency.[10] Their concern was well-founded: subsequent history has shown not only that NSA actively intervened with IBM and NBS to shorten the key size, but also that the short key size enabled exactly the kind of massively parallel key crackers that Hellman and Diffie sketched out. In response to RSA Security's DES Challenges starting in 1997, brute force crackers were built that could break DES, making it clear that DES was insecure and obsolete. As of 2012, a $10,000 commercially available machine could recover a DES key in days.[citation needed]
Hellman also served (1994–96) on the National Research Council's Committee to Study National Cryptographic Policy, whose main recommendations have since been implemented.
International security
Hellman has been active in researching international security since 1985.
Beyond War
Hellman was involved in the original Beyond War movement, serving as the principal editor for the "BEYOND WAR: A New Way of Thinking" booklet.[11]
Breakthrough
In 1987 more than 30 scholars came together to produce Russian and English editions of the book Breakthrough: Emerging New Thinking, Soviet and Western Scholars Issue a Challenge to Build a World Beyond War. Anatoly Gromyko and Martin Hellman served as the chief editors. The authors of the book examine questions such as: How can we overcome the inexorable forces leading toward a clash between the United States and the Soviet Union? How do we build a common vision for the future? How can we restructure our thinking to synchronize with the imperative of our modern world?[12][13]
Defusing the nuclear threat
This section poorly sourced must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous. )Find sources: "Martin Hellman" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2017) |
Hellman's current project in international security is to defuse the nuclear threat. In particular, he is studying the probabilities and risks associated with nuclear weapons and encouraging further international research in this area. His website NuclearRisk.org has been endorsed by a number of prominent individuals, including a former Director of the National Security Agency, Stanford's President Emeritus, and two Nobel Laureates.
Hellman is a member of the Board of Directors for Daisy Alliance, a non-governmental organization based in Atlanta, Georgia, seeking global security through nuclear nonproliferation and disarmament.
Awards and honors
In 1980, Martin Hellman was elevated to the grade of
In 2011, he was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame.[20]
Also in 2011, Hellman was made a Fellow of the Computer History Museum for his work, with Whitfield Diffie and Ralph Merkle, on public key cryptography.[21]
Hellman won the
References
- ^ Martin Hellman 2011 Fellow Archived 2013-05-09 at the Wayback Machine
- Stanford. Retrieved 2016-03-05.
- ^ "Martin E. Hellman". DBLP. Retrieved 2016-11-04.
- ^ Universities should restore spiritual side, says Professor Martin Hellman, NEWS RELEASE, 11/28/95
- ProQuest 302464730.
- ^ Martin Hellman's webpage at Stanford University http://www-ee.stanford.edu/~hellman
- ^ a b c "Cryptography Pioneers Receive 2015 ACM A.M. Turing Award". ACM.
- ISSN 0018-9448.
- ^ Columbia University press release regarding Marconi Fellowship
- ^ "DES (Data Encryption Standard) Review at Stanford University". 1976. Archived from the original on 2012-05-03. Retrieved 2012-03-20.
- ^ Richard Rathbun, Rick Roney, Louise Smith, Donna Richeson, Don Fitton, Craig Ritchey, "BEYOND WAR: A New Way of Thinking", (Editors: Martin Hellman, Craig Barnes, Al Braun, Pat Chandler, Jack Li, Mac Lawrence, Tom Lindsay, Tom Osborne, Chris Rich, Nancy Ritchey, Karen Stevens and Judie Swope.) PDF available free online
- ^ Breakthrough website page
- ^
Anatoly Gromyko, Martin Hellman, Craig Barnes, Alexander Nikitin, Donald Fitton, Sergei Kapitza, Elena Loshchenkova, William McGlashan, Andrei Melville, Harold Sandler, Olivia Simantob, "Breakthrough: Emerging New Thinking", Walker and Company, ISBN 0-8027-1015-8 and published simultaneously in the Soviet Union by Progress Publishing Company, Moscow. Martin Hellman's Stanford website page, PDF online free
- ^ "IEEE Fellows 1980 | IEEE Communications Society".
- ^ "Franklin Laureate Database – Louis E. Levy Medal Laureates". Franklin Institute. Archived from the original on June 29, 2011. Retrieved January 22, 2011.
- IEEE. Retrieved January 2, 2011.
- ^ "Martin E. Hellman – Awarded the Marconi Prize in 2000". Marconi Society. 26 October 2000.
- IEEE Information Theory Society. Retrieved July 14, 2011.
- IEEE. Retrieved January 22, 2011.
- ^ "Meet the 2011 National Inventors Hall of Fame Inductees – Martin Hellman". National Inventors Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on September 4, 2012. Retrieved May 5, 2011.
- ^ "Martin Hellman". Computer History Museum. Archived from the original on 2013-05-09. Retrieved 2013-05-23.
External links
- Oral history interview with Martin Hellman Oral history interview 2004, Palo Alto, California. VeriSign.
- Martin Hellman's website on the risk of nuclear threat from nuclear war or nuclear terrorism
- "Defusing the nuclear threat and making the world safer" Announcement of Hellman presentation at U.C. Santa Cruz; Oct. 2008
- Hellman at the 2009 RSA conference, video with Hellman participating on the Cryptographer's Panel, April 21, 2009, Moscone Center, San Francisco
- Soaring, Cryptography and Nuclear Weapons on YouTube