Martineau family

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Close up of the seat of a wooden chair, embroidered with the coat of arms of the Martineau family
Martineau coat of arms embroidered into seat of chair belonging to John Edmund Martineau

The Martineau family is an intellectual, business (banking, breweries, textile manufacturing)

knighted. Many family members were prominent Unitarians; a room in London's Essex Hall, the headquarters building of the British Unitarians, was named after them. Martineau Place in Birmingham's central business district was named in their honour.[2]

abolitionist, is the family's most celebrated
member.

In Birmingham, several of its members have been Lord Mayor. They worshipped at the Church of the Messiah.[3] As Unitarian, they married into families of the same denomination, such as the Kenricks and the Chamberlains,[4] though Harriet eventually became an atheist in contrast to her brother, the religious philosopher James Martineau. Several of the Martineaus are buried in Key Hill Cemetery Birmingham, either in the family vault or separately.[5]

Huguenot beginnings

Norwich Maître Chirurgien (Master Surgeon), David Martineau II[6][7]

The Martineaus came from a

Revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685; the edict had allowed French Protestants freedom of religion and the Huguenots left France for safety.[10]

French nobility heritage

Initially

mural tablet commemorates his "eminence in his skill as a Surgeon" and his wife, Dame Sarah Martineau, who was "distinguished for sound judgement, warm affection and fervent piety". Their eldest son, surgeon Philip Meadows Martineau, of Bracondale Estate was an active member of the French community in Norwich - he was Deacon of the city's French Congregation -[15] and lived in Paris for some time. A member of the Royal Society[16] and the Medical and Chirurgical Society of London, Martineau was spoken of in Paris as "le lithotomiste le plus éminent et le plus heureux de son époque".[17][18][19][7][20][21][22]

By the fourth generation the family was divided into

Trinity College, Cambridge University and Prebendary of St Paul's Cathedral. Arthur's wife was the Hon. Anne (daughter of Sir Edward O'Brien, 4th Baronet) who, in 1862, was granted the rank of a Baron's daughter. Arthur was the great-grandson of David Martineau II.[23][24][25]

Philip Meadows Martineau and family

Philip Meadows Martineau, Esq., Lord of the Manor of Carrow (died 1829)[26] by Sir William Beechey
Bracondale Hall surrounded by Martineau's Wood,[27] painted by David Hodgson
1833 - Basing Park, Seat of Joseph Martineau, Esq.

The eldest of the five sons of David Martineau II and Sarah Meadows (1725–1800) was Philip Meadows Martineau (1752–1829). A surgeon, Martineau was "one of the most distinguished lithotomists of his day".

Edinburgh University in 1773, "in 1775 he passed through London for a turn of 12 months".[30] He then returned in 1777 to Norwich to become Donne's partner, and carried on his speciality. Henry Herbert Southey was his student.[31] He had one daughter. Martineau and friends set up the Norfolk and Norwich Trienniel Festival to raise money for the Norfolk and Norwich Hospital.[32]

The Martineau and Taylor families were "at the head of the

Whig "worthies" attended these events. By 1784, the two cousins, Philip and John, had established the Norwich City Library and the annual reunion of the Martineau and Taylor families which continued well into the 1850s.[34][35][36][37]

Martineau was a medical colleague and friend of Dr Sylas Neville. The two men and their families accompanied Martineau's cousin John Taylor to a great banquet at Holkham Hall on the night of 5 November 1788 celebrating the Glorious Revolution of 1688. Their host was Thomas Coke, 1st Earl of Leicester who encouraged John to sing the song he had written for the occasion – The Triumph of Liberty. Over 500 guests were invited to the event, almost all of whom, including invitee the Prince of Wales were "Whig elites".[38][39][40][41]

Having purchased the Bracondale Woods on the outskirts of Norwich in 1793,[42] in 1811 he acquired the adjacent property of Carrow Abbey.[43] By around 1797 he had built Bracondale Hall,[44] described in 1847 as a "handsome mansion with pleasure grounds delightfully laid out" by Humphry Repton who had also designed the gardens of Holkham Hall, owned by Martineau's friend, Thomas Coke, 1st Earl of Leicester.[21][45][46] From the ruins of Carrow Abbey, Martineau also constructed on his estate a "small gothic priory with windows of ancient stained glass".[47] By 1879, this estate, including the Manor of Carrow, had been sold following the death of Martineau's unmarried daughter Frances Anne.[26]

The second son, David Martineau (1754–1840), had four sons and six daughters and the third,

St James Palace. The fifth son, Thomas, is mentioned below.[48][49][50]

Thomas Martineau and family

The 1939 edition of

Lord of the Manor of Diss, Norfolk. On 13 January 1855, the Examiner reported that the siblings' "collateral ancestor was Sir Philip Meadows, the ambassador of Oliver Cromwell".[52][53][54][55]

Thomas grew up in Norwich, attending family friend

commissioners for the "City and County of the City of Norwich".[60]
Thomas Martineau and John Taylor were both benefactors of
Act of Parliament on 1 May 1821, but had run into questionable financial circumstances by 1823.[61][62][63][64]

Thomas married Elizabeth Rankin (8 October 1772 – 26 August 1848) in 1793. Elizabeth had her portrait painted a year before her death by a member of the Bonham Carter family.[65]

Rev. Joseph John Gurney (1848–1890) of Earlham Hall, the Gurney's family seat. Joseph John Gurney later lived at Bracondale Hall, once the home of Thomas' brother, Philip Meadows Martineau.[66][67][68][69][70][excessive citations
]

It was at Thomas's home - "commemoratively known as Martineau House" - that literary illustrissimo including

Anna Letitia Barbauld were entertained.[71] Thomas' finances and investments remained viable until around 1825–26, when, in the Panic of 1825, the stock market and banking system collapsed.[72][73] Thomas died on 21 June 1826 and is buried at Rosary Cemetery,[74]
the first non-denominational burial ground in the United Kingdom.

Thomas and Elizabeth had eight children. Thomas and Elizabeth Martineau's eldest child was a daughter, Elizabeth (1794–1850), who married Dr Thomas Greenhow, a reforming doctor in Newcastle, co-founder of the city's eye infirmary.[75][76] The Greenhows' daughter Frances married into the Lupton family of Leeds. Frances was an educationalist and worked to expand educational opportunities for girls. Honouring the Martineau lineage, Frances' eldest son was named Francis Martineau Lupton (1848-1921) whose great-grandson was Stephen Martineau Middleton (born 1945).[77][78]

Thomas and Elizabeths Martineau's eldest son was Thomas (1795–1824), a surgeon who co-founded the Norfolk and Norwich Eye Infirmary, which later became part of the Norfolk and Norwich Hospital.[79]

Another son, Robert (1798–1870), became a magistrate, town councillor and then Mayor of Birmingham in 1846. He married Jane Smith (died 1874).[80][page needed] He hired John Barnsley to build a mansion in Edgbaston, with a large wing for his mother, who lived there till her death in 1848, and another for his own family. Barnsley had already built most of Birmingham's grand Victorian and Edwardian public buildings.[81]

Their best known child was their sixth, Harriet (1802–1876), the political author and a pioneer sociologist. She sometimes stayed with her widowed mother and her brother Robert, including during his mayoral tenure.[82] The three of them, and other members of the family, are buried together in the Martineau vault at the Key Hill Cemetery, Birmingham.

Their seventh child,

private girls' school which was attended by Elizabeth Gaskell's daughters.[83][84] James's daughter was the watercolourist Edith Martineau
(1842–1909).

Sir Thomas Martineau and family

Politician Sir Thomas Martineau (1828–1893), painted by Frank Holl, was the uncle (by marriage) of Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain.

Sir Thomas Martineau (4 November 1828 – 28 July 1893) was the son of Robert, Mayor of Birmingham (1846–1847) and Jane Martineau.[85] Five successive generations have served as Mayors of the city since the mid 19th century.[86] born on the family estate on Bristol Road, now Martineau Gardens, Birmingham. A solicitor, he married Emily Kenrick (1838–1899), whose family was also part of Liberal Birmingham politics. Emily was the sister of Florence (1847–1875), whose marriage to Joseph Chamberlain bore a son, Neville, who became prime minister.[87][page needed] Emily was also the cousin of William Kenrick MP.

Joseph Chamberlain was then the leader of

Birmingham Law Courts in 1891. Lady Martineau and the Princess of Wales were also guests.[92]

Sir Thomas, his wife Lady Martineau and his cousins, including Francis Martineau Lupton and David Martineau (1827-1911), president of the British and Foreign Unitarian Association,[93] were, as Nonconformists, generous benefactors of Harris Manchester College, Oxford University of which, in 1893, Thomas's uncle James Martineau, was vice-president.[94] Second cousins Francis Martineau Lupton and David Martineau sent their daughters - Olive Middleton (née Lupton) and spinster sisters Lucy Martineau (1869-1952) and artist Sarah Madeline Martineau (1872-1972) respectively - to board at Roedean which was initially favoured by wealthy Nonconformists such as the Martineaus.[95][96][97]

Sir Thomas Martienau died on 28 July 1893 and is buried alongside his family at Key Hill Cemetery.[98] Colonel Ernest Martineau (1861–1952), son of Sir Thomas, was Lord Mayor of Birmingham between 1912 and 1914; his first cousin, Neville Chamberlain, replacing him in this role in 1915.[99][100][101]

Robert Francis (16 May 1831 – 15 December 1909), brother of Sir Thomas, was an alderman, secretary of the Birmingham and Midland Institute, chairman of the Technical School committee and trustee to Mason Science College which was attended by Philip Edgar Martineau (1859–1939), a founder of the Assistant Masters' Association and the son of Robert's second cousin, Francis Edgar Martineau (1828–1893).[102][103] Robert was a member of the council of Mason's successor institution, the University of Birmingham. Robert and his family were the third generation of Martineaus to live at Highfield Road, Kings Norton, Edgbaston.[104]

Sir William Martineau and family

Sir William Martineau

Sir William Martineau (1866–1950) and Maurice Richard Martineau (1870–1943) were third cousins, being the great-great-grandsons of David Martineau II (1726–1768). Both were involved in the family

]

Sir Philip Hubert Martineau and family

Son of Hubert Martineau (1821–1890) and great-great-grandson of David Martineau II (1726–1768),

Trinity College, Cambridge University. He was also a cricketer who played for Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC). He married Alive Vaughan-Williams (1865–1956) in 1888. An author, Lady Martineau published books on garden design. Sir Philip died in 1944. Their son, Hubert (1891–1976) was also a cricketer and organiser of his own team. He attended Eton.[115][116][117][118][119][120][excessive citations
]

National and international interests

The intermarried Martineau and

International issues were also of great concern to the family; Robert Francis Martineau welcomed the abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison to his home when the American visited Birmingham on 7 July 1877 and two days later, Martineau's relative, Joseph Lupton, had Garrison as a guest at his Leeds house from 9–15 July.[123]

Lord Mayors of Birmingham

Members included five generations, father to son, of Mayors or Lord Mayors of Birmingham:[124]

  • Robert Martineau (1798–1870), Mayor of Birmingham, 1846–47
  • Sir Thomas Martineau (1828–1893), Mayor of Birmingham, 1884–87
  • Ernest Martineau (1861–1952), Lord Mayor of Birmingham, 1912–14
  • Sir Wilfrid Martineau (1889–1964), Lord Mayor of Birmingham, 1940–41[125]
  • Denis Martineau (1920–1999), Lord Mayor of Birmingham, 1986–87

A blue plaque, erected in 2008 by the Birmingham Civic Society in the Council House, commemorates all five.[126]

Link to Catherine, Princess of Wales

Francis Martineau Lupton, grandson of Elizabeth Greenhow (née Martineau), was the great-great-grandfather of Catherine, Princess of Wales.[53]

Research revealed in 2014 that

a descendant of the Martineau family; her great-grandmother, Olive Middleton (née Lupton), was the daughter of Francis Martineau Lupton (1848–1921), who had attended political conferences in Birmingham with his Martineau alderman cousins.[127][128] Olive Middleton's brother was named Lionel Martineau Lupton (1892–1916) in honour of their Martineau family heritage.[129]

Legacy

There is a society devoted to the Martineau family of Norwich. "Specifically, the Society aims to highlight the principles of freedom of conscience advocated in the nineteenth century by Harriet Martineau and her brother, Dr. James Martineau."[130]

The National Portrait Gallery holds nearly 20 portraits of James and Harriet Martineau. Catherine, Princess of Wales, the gallery's patron, is a distant relative of them.[131]

There was a school named after Sir Wilfrid Martineau, now subsumed within the International School, Birmingham.

Notes

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  3. . Retrieved 24 July 2015.
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  103. ^ The Schoolmasters' Yearbook & Educational Directory. Year Book Press. 1916. p. 399. Retrieved 11 November 2023. MARTINEAU , Philip Edgar , Private Tutor . Educ .: King's Sch . , Peterborough ; Univ . Coll . , Lond .; Mason Coll . , Birmingham ; Lond . Univ . Inter . Arts , 1885. Exp . Chard Gr . Sch . , 1879 ; Wells Cathedral Sch . , 1881–1884 ...
  104. .
  105. ^ Mathias, P. (1959). The Brewing Industry in England: 1700–1830. Cambridge University Press. p. 301, 511. New Capital and Partnerships: Barclay Perkins, Whitbread, Meux Reid...In 1812, Whitbreads amalgamated with John Martineau's brewery business...Thackrahs would send their travellers or agents round the distant markets with samplers...London brewers buying from the house included...Martineau...[Sir] Henry Meux and Barclays...
  106. ^ Hannah, L. "Our history in East Anglia - The Gurney Family of Norwich". Barclays. Retrieved 4 March 2024. The Gurney family were a prominent Norfolk dynasty of bankers, wool merchants and brewers... A letter written in 1799 by David Barclay to his son-in-law Richard Gurney, now held in the Barclays archive, questioned the wisdom of finding a position in the [brewery] business for his grandson, Hudson Gurney. He writes that he does not want "my dear Grandson… placed so young in a situation dangerous to youth".
  107. ^ Venn, G. (2011). Alumni Cantabrigienses: A Biographical List of All Known Students, Graduates ... Cambridge University Press. p. 356. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
  108. ^ Brewers' Journal and Hop and Malt Trades' Review. 1911. p. 164. Retrieved 9 November 2023. Maurice Richard Martineau...
  109. .
  110. ^ "Obituary", Journal of the Institute of Brewing, vol. 88, 1982, pp. 297–298 (subscription required). Retrieved 28 April 2016.
  111. ^ Martineau, Lady (Anne) (1949). End of World War II British. Sir William Martineau of Kincraig 11th, in Scotland ...William follows the Queen and princesses on a trip to South Africa in 1947 with magazine clippings from a garden party and the royal's meeting school children.
  112. ^ "Sir William Martineau". IMS Vintage Photos. 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023. Sir William Martineau held the office of Justice of the Peace (J.P.). He lived at Kincraig [Castle], Ross-shire, Scotland.
  113. ^ "historylinksdornoch The history and archaeology of Dornoch and district - Kincraig House". WordPress.com. 2 November 2021. Retrieved 9 November 2023. The estate passed in 1918 to Roderick's nephew William Martineau, a scion of a sugar refining dynasty. William (later Sir William) appears to have carried out further work to Kincraig House, said to have been completed in 1923. [Also, "Martineau of Kincraig, at that time proprietor of the castle and also of a good deal of the old estate of the ...", from The County of Ross and Cromarty (1987) - Page 157, by A Mather]
  114. ^ "ST. GEORGE'S-IN-THE-EAST CHURCH, LONDON - War Memorial (1924) & Armisticetide observance". St George-in-the-East. 2021. Retrieved 9 November 2023. William Martineau's family had owned a sugar refinery in the parish, and he had been one of the 'openers' at the parish fête earlier in the year.
  115. ^ "Martineau, Philip Hubert (MRTN881PH)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  116. ^ "Cricinfo profile". Archived from the original on 30 August 2007. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
  117. ^ Martineau, Alice (1923). "The Herbaceous Garden". Williams and Norgate. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
  118. ^ Garden Design. University of Virginia. 1933. p. 95. Retrieved 19 November 2023. ...GARDEN DESIGN ... Lady Martineau
  119. ^ Cricinfo profile
  120. ^ "Hubert Martineau - Biographical information". OlyMADMen. 2006–2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023. Strangely, despite being educated at Eton College, Martineau never played for the school cricket XI
  121. required.)
  122. . Guests included – Leeds Alderman, (Francis Martineau) Lupton and Birmingham Alderman, Robert Francis Martineau at the "Garden Suburb" Conference at Birmingham, 20 September 1901
  123. ^ Garrison, Francis Jackson. "William Lloyd Garrison, 1805–1879; the story of his life told by his children: volume 4". Perseus Digital Library. Retrieved 19 February 2013. (Life of ) William Lloyd Garrison footnote 60–67 referencing: Birmingham Alderman Robert Francis Martineau; Joseph Lupton Esq. of Leeds; Harriet Martineau
  124. ^ "City Council, List of Birmingham Mayors". City of Birmingham. Archived from the original on 9 June 2008. Retrieved 17 March 2014. et seq
  125. ^ "No. 38165". The London Gazette (Supplement). 2 January 1948. p. 70. Ref. Sir Wilfred Martineau
  126. ^ "Robert Martineau, Thomas Martineau, Ernest Martineau, Wilfrid Martineau, and 1 other in Birmingham". Blue Plaque Places. Archived from the original on 24 July 2015. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  127. ^ Lockley, Mike (21 February 2015). "Pictures of Kate Middleton's Brummie relatives to go on display at Birmingham Museum". Birmingham Mail. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  128. . Guests included – Leeds Alderman, (Francis Martineau) Lupton and Birmingham Alderman, Robert Francis Martineau (Francis' Birmingham cousin) at the "Garden Suburb" Conference at Birmingham, 20 September 1901
  129. ^ Perrin, B. (18 April 2023). "Kate Middleton 'is a Brummie' claims history teacher ahead of Royal visit to city". Birmingham Live. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
  130. ^ "homepage". The Martineau Society. Retrieved 29 November 2015.
  131. ^ Furness, Hannah (11 February 2014). "Duchess of Cambridge visits National Portrait Gallery, home to little-known Middleton family paintings". The Daily Telegraph. p. 3. Retrieved 14 March 2014.

References