Marvel Cinematic Universe: Phase One
Phase One | |
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Based on | Characters published by Marvel Comics |
Produced by |
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Starring | See below |
Production company | |
Distributed by |
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Release date | 2008–2012 |
Country | United States |
Language | English |
Budget | Total (6 films): $1 billion |
Box office | Total (6 films): $3.813 billion |
Marvel Cinematic Universe Phases | |
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Phase One of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is a group of American superhero films produced by Marvel Studios based on characters that appear in publications by Marvel Comics. The MCU is the shared universe in which all of the films are set. The phase began in May 2008 with the release of Iron Man and concluded in May 2012 with the release of The Avengers. Kevin Feige produced every film in the phase, with Avi Arad also producing Iron Man and The Incredible Hulk, and Gale Anne Hurd also producing The Incredible Hulk.
Marvel previously licensed the film rights for different characters to other film studios, but began exploring producing their own feature films by 2005. Following the opening weekend success of Iron Man they moved forward with a plan to have several individual superhero films culminate in a team-up Avengers film. Paramount Pictures distributed the films except for The Incredible Hulk, which was released by Universal Pictures, and The Avengers, which was released by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures after Disney's purchase of Marvel.
The films star Robert Downey Jr. as Tony Stark / Iron Man in Iron Man and Iron Man 2, Edward Norton as Bruce Banner / Hulk in The Incredible Hulk, Chris Hemsworth as Thor in Thor, and Chris Evans as Steve Rogers / Captain America in Captain America: The First Avenger. All returned to star in the ensemble film The Avengers except for Norton, who was replaced by Mark Ruffalo. Samuel L. Jackson has the most appearances in the phase, starring or making cameo appearances as Nick Fury in five of the films.
The six films of the phase grossed over US$3.8 billion at the global box office and received generally positive critical and public response. Marvel Studios created three short films for their
Development
In order to preserve its artistic integrity, Marvel Studios formed a creative committee of six people familiar with its comic book lore: Feige, Marvel Studios co-president
Feige was named President of Production at Marvel Studios in March 2007 as Iron Man began filming.[14] After the successful opening weekend of Iron Man in May 2008, Marvel announced that Iron Man 2 would be released on April 30, 2010, followed by Thor on June 4, 2010, The First Avenger: Captain America on May 6, 2011,[15] and the team-up film The Avengers on July 15, 2011,[15][16] which would feature Iron Man, the Hulk, Captain America, and Thor.[15] Additionally, Feige was promoted to president of Marvel Studios.[17] In March 2009, Marvel adjusted their release schedule, moving Thor first to June 17, 2011 and later May 20, 2011,[16][18] The First Avenger: Captain America to July 22, 2011, and The Avengers to May 4, 2012.[16]
In January 2010, Thor's release date moved once again, to May 6, 2011.[19] That April, Marvel changed the title of The First Avenger: Captain America to Captain America: The First Avenger.[20] On October 18, 2010, Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures acquired the distribution rights for The Avengers from Paramount Pictures,[21] with Paramount's logo and credit remaining on the films[22] and on July 2, 2013, Disney purchased the distribution rights to Iron Man, Iron Man 2, Thor and Captain America: The First Avenger from Paramount.[23][24] Edgar Wright's pitch for Ant-Man in 2006 helped shape the early films of the Marvel Cinematic Universe. Feige said some of the MCU was changed to "accommodate this version" of the film, as that version "helped to dictate what we did with the roster for Avengers the first time. It was a bit of both in terms of his idea for the Ant-Man story influencing the birth of the MCU in the early films leading up to Avengers."[25] In June 2023, the distribution rights to The Incredible Hulk reverted from Universal back to Marvel Studios and Disney.[26][27] Marvel Studios started using phrases like "Phase One" because Feige did not want to refer to the films as names like Iron Man trilogy or Thor trilogy. The Phase idea came from the comics, with Feige saying "individual characters would occasionally come together for a mega-event limited series". As a result, the plan became to do a Phase and then end it with an Avengers film.[28]
Films
Film[29] | U.S. release date | Director | Screenwriter(s) | Producer(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Iron Man | May 2, 2008 | Jon Favreau[30] | Mark Fergus & Hawk Ostby and Art Marcum & Matt Holloway[30][31] | Avi Arad and Kevin Feige |
The Incredible Hulk | June 13, 2008 | Louis Leterrier[32] | Zak Penn[33] | Avi Arad, Gale Anne Hurd, and Kevin Feige |
Iron Man 2 | May 7, 2010 | Jon Favreau[34] | Justin Theroux[35] | Kevin Feige |
Thor | May 6, 2011 | Kenneth Branagh[36] | Ashley Edward Miller & Zack Stentz and Don Payne[37] | |
Captain America: The First Avenger | July 22, 2011 | Joe Johnston[38] | Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely[39] | |
The Avengers | May 4, 2012 | Joss Whedon[40] |
Iron Man (2008)
Billionaire industrialist Tony Stark builds himself a suit of armor after he is taken captive by a terrorist organization. Free from his captors, he decides to upgrade and don his armor in order to hunt down weapons that were sold under the table.[42]
In April 2006, Marvel hired
The film ends with a
The Incredible Hulk (2008)
After being exposed to gamma radiation that causes him to transform into the monstrous Hulk, scientist Bruce Banner goes on the run and isolates himself from his love,
In January 2006,
The film takes place simultaneously with the events of Iron Man 2 and Thor,
Iron Man 2 (2010)
After Tony Stark reveals himself to be Iron Man, the U.S. government demands he hand over his technology. Meanwhile,
Immediately following the successful release of Iron Man in May 2008, Marvel Studios announced it was developing a sequel, Iron Man 2.
The film is set six months after the events of Iron Man,
Thor (2011)
Mark Protosevich was hired to develop a script for Thor in April 2006, after the rights were acquired from Sony Pictures.[30] In August 2007 Marvel hired Matthew Vaughn to direct the film,[87] however he exited the project in May 2008.[88] In September 2008, Kenneth Branagh entered into negotiations to replace Vaughn.[36] In May 2009, Chris Hemsworth was in negotiations to portray the titular character,[89] and Tom Hiddleston was set to play his brother, Loki.[90] Both actors were contracted to star in several films.[91] Marvel hired the writing team of Ashley Edward Miller and Zack Stentz to write a new script for the film, which was then rewritten by Don Payne.[37] Production began on January 11, 2010 in Los Angeles, California,[92] before moving to Galisteo, New Mexico in March.[93] Thor had its world premiere on April 17, 2011 at the Event Cinemas theater in George Street, Sydney[94] and a U.S. premiere on May 2 at the El Capitan Theatre in Los Angeles, California.[95] The film was released internationally from April 21 to 30, and on May 6 in the United States.[96]
The film takes place simultaneously with the events of The Incredible Hulk and Iron Man 2,
Captain America: The First Avenger (2011)
In 1943, Steve Rogers is deemed physically unfit to enlist in the
In April 2006, Marvel hired
The Tesseract from the Thor post-credits scene appears as a
Marvel's The Avengers (2012)
Nick Fury, the director of S.H.I.E.L.D., gathers the superheroes Iron Man, Thor, Captain America, the Hulk, Black Widow, and Hawkeye to fight Thor's brother Loki, who plots to subjugate the Earth.[116]
Zak Penn, who wrote The Incredible Hulk, was hired to write a script for The Avengers in June 2007.
Short films
Film | U.S. release date | Director | Screenwriter | Producer | Home media release |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Consultant
|
September 13, 2011 | Leythum[129] | Eric Pearson[130] | Kevin Feige | Thor |
A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to Thor's Hammer
|
October 25, 2011 | Captain America: The First Avenger | |||
Item 47 | September 25, 2012 | Louis D'Esposito[130]
|
Marvel's The Avengers |
Timeline
1943–1945 | The First Avenger[131] |
---|---|
1946–2009 | |
2010 | Iron Man[133][131] |
2011 | Iron Man 2[133][131] |
The Incredible Hulk[133] | |
A Funny Thing...[133][134] | |
Thor[133] | |
The Consultant[133][134] | |
2012 | The Avengers[132] |
Item 47[130] |
External image | |
---|---|
The Phase One Timeline infographic released by Marvel in May 2012[133] |
During Phase One, Marvel Studios lined up some of their films' stories with references to one another, though they had no long-term plan for the shared universe's timeline at that point.[65] Iron Man 2 is set six months after the events of Iron Man,[66] and around the same time as Thor according to comments made by Nick Fury.[65] The official tie-in comic Fury's Big Week confirmed that The Incredible Hulk, Iron Man 2, and Thor all took place within a week, a year before the crossover film The Avengers. Writers Chris Yost and Eric Pearson tried to follow the logic of the films' timeline when plotting the comic, and received "the seal of approval" from Feige and Marvel Studios on the final timeline.[135] As promotion ahead of the release of The Avengers, Marvel released an official infographic detailing this timeline in May 2012.[133]
The One-Shot The Consultant is set after the events of Iron Man 2 and The Incredible Hulk,[133][134] with A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to Thor's Hammer set before the events of Thor and Item 47 set after The Avengers.[133][134][130]
Recurring cast and characters
This section includes characters who have appeared in multiple films within Phase One of the Marvel Cinematic Universe, and have appeared in the billing block for at least one film.
- A dark grey cell indicates the character was not in the film.
- A C indicates an uncredited cameo role.
- An OS indicates the character appears in a One-Shot.
- A P indicates an appearance in onscreen photographs.
- A V indicates a voice-only role.
Music
Film soundtracks
Title | U.S. release date | Length | Composer(s) | Label |
---|---|---|---|---|
Iron Man: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack | May 6, 2008 | 0:54:14 | Ramin Djawadi | Lionsgate Records
|
The Incredible Hulk: Original Motion Picture Score | June 13, 2008 | 1:50:55 | Craig Armstrong | Marvel Music
|
Iron Man 2: Original Motion Picture Score | July 20, 2010 | 1:12:01 | John Debney | Columbia Records |
Thor | May 3, 2011 | 1:11:53 | Patrick Doyle | Buena Vista Records Marvel Music |
Captain America: The First Avenger—Original Motion Picture Soundtrack | July 19, 2011 | 1:11:53 | Alan Silvestri | |
The Avengers (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) | May 1, 2012 | 1:04:25 | Hollywood Records Marvel Music |
Compilation albums
Title | U.S. release date | Length | Label |
---|---|---|---|
AC/DC: Iron Man 2 | April 19, 2010 | 60:15 | Columbia Records |
Avengers Assemble (Music from and Inspired by the Motion Picture) | May 1, 2012 | 48:20 | Marvel Music
|
Singles
Title | U.S. release date | Length | Artist(s) | Label |
---|---|---|---|---|
"Live to Rise" | April 17, 2012 | 4:40 | Soundgarden | Marvel Music
|
Home media
Film | Digital release | DVD/Blu-ray release |
---|---|---|
Iron Man | — | September 30, 2008 |
The Incredible Hulk | — | October 21, 2008 |
Iron Man 2 | — | September 28, 2010 |
Thor | — | September 13, 2011 |
Captain America: The First Avenger | — | October 25, 2011 |
Marvel's The Avengers | September 25, 2012 | September 25, 2012 |
A 10-disc
Reception
Box office performance
The Avengers was the first film of the MCU to reach $1 billion.[153]
Film | U.S. release date | Box office gross | All-time ranking | Budget | Ref. | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
U.S. and Canada | Other territories | Worldwide | U.S. and Canada[154]
|
Worldwide[155] | ||||
Iron Man | May 2, 2008 | $319,034,126 | $266,762,121 | $585,796,247 | 89 | 190 | $140 million | [156] |
The Incredible Hulk | June 13, 2008 | $134,806,913 | $129,964,083 | $264,770,996 | 494 | 625 | $137.5–150 million | [157][158] |
Iron Man 2 | May 7, 2010 | $312,433,331 | $311,500,000 | $623,933,331 | 95 | 172 | $170–200 million | [159][160] |
Thor | May 6, 2011 | $181,030,624 | $268,295,994 | $449,326,618 | 280 | 290 | $150 million | [161] |
Captain America: The First Avenger | July 22, 2011 | $176,654,505 | $193,915,269 | $370,569,774 | 298 | 394 | $140 million | [162] |
Marvel's The Avengers | May 4, 2012 | $623,357,910 | $897,180,626 | $1,520,538,536 | 12 | 10 | $220 million | [163][164] |
Total | $1,747,317,409 | $2,067,618,093 | $3,814,935,502 | – | – | $0.956 – 1 billion |
Critical and public response
Film | Critical | Public | |
---|---|---|---|
Rotten Tomatoes | Metacritic | CinemaScore | |
Iron Man | 94% (281 reviews)[165] | 79 (38 reviews)[166] | A[167] |
The Incredible Hulk | 67% (239 reviews)[168] | 61 (38 reviews)[169] | A−[170] |
Iron Man 2 | 72% (304 reviews)[171] | 57 (40 reviews)[172] | A[173] |
Thor | 77% (296 reviews)[174] | 57 (40 reviews)[175] | B+[176] |
Captain America: The First Avenger | 80% (275 reviews)[177] | 66 (43 reviews)[178] | A−[179] |
Marvel's The Avengers | 91% (368 reviews)[180] | 69 (43 reviews)[181] | A+[182] |
Darren Gigool from MovieWeb felt Phase One was successful as it had established a strong foundation, with Iron Man helping to establish the "tone and style for the entire universe" and noting that the MCU's films had always been interconnected, in addition to using post-credit scenes to set up future installments, which was something previous franchises had not yet done. He also enjoyed the character development heavily, saying that it was a critical element for the MCU's initial success, and observed the inclusion of Easter eggs as helping "to create a passionate fanbase that has stayed loyal to the franchise" and allowing for fans to be "constantly rewarded for paying attention".[183] Meanwhile, Germain Lussier at Gizmodo also regarded Phase One as the best MCU properties up until that point in his retrospective review, observing the fact that the films had introduced comic book characters previously unknown to audiences and later uniting them for The Avengers.[184]
Meanwhile, Isobel Roach's review for the
Accolades
The films of the phase have been nominated for four Academy Awards,[186] two BAFTA Awards,[187] one Grammy Awards,[188] thirty Saturn Awards (winning eight),[189] three Hugo Awards (winning one),[190] eleven MTV Movie & TV Awards (winning four),[191] and eighteen Visual Effects Society Awards (winning three),[192] among others.
Tie-in media
Comic books
Title | No. of issues |
Publication date | Writer(s) | Artist(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
First published | Last published | ||||
Iron Man: I Am Iron Man! | 2 | January 27, 2010 | February 24, 2010 | Peter David[193] | Sean Chen[193] |
Iron Man 2: Public Identity | 3 | April 28, 2010 | May 12, 2010 | Joe Casey and Justin Theroux[194] | Barry Kitson[194] |
Iron Man 2: Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. | 1 | September 1, 2010 | Joe Casey[194] | Felix Ruiz, and Matt Camp[194]
| |
Captain America: First Vengeance | 8 (digital) 4 (print) |
May 4, 2011 | June 29, 2011 | Fred Van Lente[195] | Neil Edwards[196] and Luke Ross[197] |
Marvel's The Avengers Prelude: Fury's Big Week | 8 (digital) 4 (print) |
March 7, 2012 | April 18, 2012 | Story by: Christopher Yost and Eric Pearson[135] Scripts by: Eric Pearson[135] |
Luke Ross[198] |
Marvel's The Avengers: Black Widow Strikes | 3 | May 2, 2012 | June 6, 2012 | Fred Van Lente[199] | Neil Edwards[200] |
Marvel's Iron Man 2 | 2 | November 7, 2012 | December 5, 2012 | Christos N. Gage[201] | Ramon Rosanas[201] |
Marvel's Thor | 2 | January 16, 2013 | February 20, 2013 | Christos N. Gage[202] | Lan Medina[203] |
Marvel's Captain America: The First Avenger | 2 | November 6, 2013 | December 11, 2013 | Peter David[204] | Wellinton Alves[204] |
Marvel's The Avengers | 2 | December 24, 2014 | January 7, 2015 | Will Corona Pilgrim[205] | Joe Bennett[205] |
Books
In September 2015, Marvel announced the Guidebook to the Marvel Cinematic Universe, named as a nod to the Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe. The guidebooks are compiled by Mike O'Sullivan and the Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe team, with cover art from Mike del Mundo and Pascal Campion, and features facts about the MCU films, film-to-comic comparisons, and production stills. Guidebook to the Marvel Cinematic Universe: Marvel's Iron Man, Guidebook to the Marvel Cinematic Universe: Marvel's Incredible Hulk / Marvel's Iron Man 2,[206] Guidebook to the Marvel Cinematic Universe: Marvel's Thor,[207] and Guidebook to the Marvel Cinematic Universe: Marvel's Captain America: The First Avenger[208] were released each month from October 2015 to January 2016, respectively.
Video games
Title | U.S. release date | Publisher | Developer | Platforms | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Console and PC | Handhelds | Mobile | ||||
Iron Man | May 2, 2008[209] | Sega[209] | Secret Level[210]
|
PlayStation 3, Xbox 360 | — | — |
Artificial Mind and Movement[210]
|
PlayStation 2, Wii, Microsoft Windows | Nintendo DS, PlayStation Portable | — | |||
Hands-On Mobile[211] | — | — | Various | |||
The Incredible Hulk | June 5, 2008[212] | Sega[213] | PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, Microsoft Windows, Wii | — | — | |
Amaze Entertainment[214]
|
— | Nintendo DS | — | |||
Hands-On Mobile[215] | — | — | Various | |||
Iron Man 2 | May 4, 2010[216] | Sega | Sega Studios San Francisco[216] | PlayStation 3, Xbox 360 | — | — |
High Voltage Software[217] | Wii | PlayStation Portable | — | |||
Griptonite Games[218]
|
— | Nintendo DS | — | |||
Gameloft[219][220] | — | — | iOS, BlackBerry | |||
Thor: God of Thunder | May 3, 2011[221] | Sega[221] | Liquid Entertainment | PlayStation 3, Xbox 360 | — | — |
Red Fly Studio | Wii | Nintendo 3DS | — | |||
WayForward Technologies
|
— | Nintendo DS | — | |||
Captain America: Super Soldier | July 19, 2011[222] | Sega[222] | Next Level Games | PlayStation 3, Xbox 360 | — | — |
High Voltage Software | Wii | Nintendo 3DS | — | |||
Graphite Games | — | Nintendo DS | — | |||
Other video games | ||||||
Lego Marvel's Avengers | January 26, 2016[223] | Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment
|
TT Games | PlayStation 4, Xbox One, Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, Wii U | Nintendo 3DS, PlayStation Vita | — |
March 10, 2016[224] | Feral Interactive | macOS | — | — |
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